Kusunungurwa Warsaw. Menduru "Nokuti Liberation pamusoro Warsaw"

Panguva Great Patriotic War kwakaitika vakawanda zviitiko zvechokwadi pakachinja munhoroondo yose iyi. Vamwe vanozivikanwa vose, dzakadai blockade pakati Stalingrad, uye vamwe vanogara kuyeuka vechikamu uye vaongorori iyi munhoroondo kumwedzi. Chero nzira, kukosha nguva ino hazvirambiki. Somugumisiro Mukuru Patriotic War, nyika yakanga vakasunungurwa kubva kutyisidzira Nazi. Pamwe pezvaiitwa varwi mukutanga nzendo hondo rakabatsira inokosha ukoshi zviitiko wekupedzisira pavaipfuura kunetsana. Ezvinhu kuti yakabuda muna 1944-1945, vakaratidza kusingarapiki kukundwa mauto eGermany. Zvisinei, mune zvakakwana simba uye oma "akadambura" panguva yake shure vemauto Germany. Panguva iyi, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti musoni mauto kuti shure rikasauya kuva monstrous pakaunda-kurwisa. Saka, pashure zviitiko pa ari Kursk kuzvimba Soviet vatungamiriri vemauto kutanga zvishoma nezvishoma kurambwa mauto muvengi zvakadzama kupinda Europe. Panguva chaizvo kumucheto kunobva Nazism, Germany, zvakaitika zvinokosha zvikuru nhoroondo Kusanzwisisana pakati Soviet Army uye German. Zvinotevera ichakurukurwa pamusoro Kusanzwisisana pedyo guru Polish - Warsaw.

Hondo Warsaw 1944

Vazhinji kuziva zvakaitika pakati 1944, pamwe chete nguva apo paiva kusunungurwa Warsaw nemauto eSoviet. Yeuka kuti zviitiko izvi kwakaitika yakasiyana zvachose nguva, sezvo vakawanda havazivi. Warsaw kushanda muna 1944 haana kuitwa muguta pedyo napedyo nawo. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti oparesheni kwakaitika kuti zvimwe mberi guta pachayo. Nemamwe mashoko, Hondo Warsaw muna 1944 rakanga raitwa kuti nechokwadi mamiriro ezvinhu anodiwa kuti mberi chinotangira muvengi, uye marginalization. Warsaw rusununguko rwevakadzi panguva oparesheni iyi haina inopiwa.

Musimboti kwomudzimu muna 1944

vatungamiriri vemauto Soviet vakazvigadzira basa kuparadza muvengi masvingo pamusoro nzira kuna guru wePolish. The oparesheni kwakaitika kubva July 25 kusvika August 5, 1944. Pedyo Vistula River paiva zvakakomba tangi hondo, iyo kazhinji ichienzaniswa Prokhorov pakurwa. Mauto eSoviet akanga zvinotsigirwa anopamba vakaumba mapoka ose Home Army. Pasinei kusanganiswa ukuru pamusoro chikamu Soviet Army, zvinangwa havana kubudirira. To musi, ziva zvikonzero zvinoverengeka nokuda kukundwa of USSR varwi muhondo kuti:

• The asinganyatsonzwisisi pakati wePolish uye murayiro Soviet, uyewo Stalin kuti vavariro maererano matambudziko muPoland.
• Hama "kuneta" of Soviet Army pashure akatevedzana nezvakawanda remapazi pamberi zvakaitika 1944.

Kunyange zvazvo vavariro havana kubudirira, USSR hondo zvakasimba midzi kumucheto Warsaw, kuti vakatakura mukuru panjodzi nokuda Wehrmacht mauto. Atova January 1945 mauto eSoviet kuvandudzwa simba ravo uye yakatanga itsva wenguva pamwero inogumbura.

Events anotangira kusunungurwa Warsaw

Warsaw vakabvumirwa chikawira mukati zvinangwa zvinofanira kuitwa panguva Warsaw-Poznan oparesheni. Akaedza kubvisa ose nzira, sezvo mauto eGermany kuMabvazuva muAtlantic pano. Uyezve, zvakanga zvakapoteredza chokutambudzika hondo. Warsaw rusununguko rwevakadzi yaizozarura zvakananga nzira kuna Berlin. Saka, nezviito murayiro aifanira kuva chaiwo uye zvemaoresa. Musi hwokushanda rakanga January 20, asi kukundwa of US Army ari Ardennes vaitambira pamusoro Nyanzvi dzezvehondo Soviet. British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, January 6, 1945 akakumbira Stalin kuunza ose nzira panguva Vistula-Oder mirayiridzo. Saka, kunyange January 12 kutanga kugadzirira pamwero mukuru tsamwisa, mumwe zvinangwa raiva kusunungurwa Warsaw. Sei zvakare kukudziridza chiitiko?

Kusunungurwa Warsaw (1945). zuva rokutanga

Ayakaita? Kusunungurwa Warsaw kubva vaNazi January 14 vakatanga, 1945. Zuva rokutanga aizivikanwa kuyambuka Vistula uye kukurudzira kure negungwa kuzvidzivirira. It watopiwa akanongedza kuti mafungiro German vakasimbiswa chaizvo zvakanaka kumucheto Warsaw. Naizvozvo, Soviet Army zviito vaiva kupfuura vakangwarira. Munguva tsamwisa, zuva rokutanga kushanda 8th Guards Army uye 5th Shock vakaswedera chinhambwe 12 makiromita kupinda German kuzvidzivirira. MuWisła akanga huvandudzike 61 fung Army. Attack akanga rinomhanya uye zvakaoma, izvo kwakaguma shure kwezvinhu vokuGermany zvakadzika panzvimbo dzavo, pedyo neguta.

Zuva kusunungurwa Warsaw rechipiri

47th Army akadzinga muvengi mhiri korwizi Vistula musi 15 January. Panguva iyoyowo, iyo 2nd Guards Tank Army akagura nzira kuna Warsaw pedyo Sochaczew musha. Saka, mauto eGermany takakombwa. Hatigoni kutaura kuti Soviet Army akasvika pedyo Warsaw, asi imwe nzvimbo huru yakanga iri kwakataramuka. VokuGermany havana kuziva sei kubuda kwezvakatipoteredza, saka, akarwawo kunyengerai. Ivo vakasungwa anenge 300 zvavo mukereke uye akatyisidzira zvose, kana muvengi vacharamba kurwiswa. Kuti arege kuzviisa pangozi upenyu zvavo pausiku 15 musi waJanuary 16 sangano pokuvhiyiwa, umo hostages vakasunungurwa.

Zvakapoteredza danho oparesheni

Mangwanani January 16 vakatanga kurwisa pamusoro fronts zvose kuna Warsaw. Mune rimwe chete zuva mumusha vakasunungurwa zvakadai mahwanda, Piaski, Opaci nevamwe. Nokuti 9th Army German kuti kwaingova romuromo zuva. Anenge zvose akavakirirwa zvinzvimbo German guta zvakaparadzwa, uye kutaurirana pamwe kunze nyika ikanyarara. Hapana chaitadzisa mauto eSoviet akakunda guta guru nyika yakaita Poland. Warsaw aiva kure anoverengeka makiromita. Mambakwedza January 17, mauto eSoviet rwaigara migwagwa raipinda muguta. By masikati, guta vakatanga hondo yaityisa, vakatora nzvimbo mumigwagwa Tamka uye Marshalavskoy. In maawa 14 January 17, 1945 dikidiki hurumende Lublin akagamuchira teregiramu richiti kuti guta rakundwa. Chiitiko ichi ndechedu kuti pasi kudzorwa nemauto eSoviet yose kwePoland. Warsaw akava pokutangira kufambira mberi akananga Berlin. Pazuva kusunungurwa yose Warsaw kufanorongwa Misangano mikuru chokuremekedza liberators makuru - varwi Soviet.

menduru

Feat ichi vaisagona kuva nyore kukanganwa, saka hurumende yeSoviet vakasarudza kuchengeta uye mubayiro vechikamu vese vari kusunungurwa Warsaw. Rakavakwa kwaizvozvi, kuti menduru "Nokuti kusunungurwa Warsaw." Basa yakazokudziridzwa by the artist Medals Kuritsyn. Award akapiwa navose akazvisiyanisa panguva oparesheni chokusunungura guta. The menduru zvinopfekwa parutivi pechipfuva mushure chiratidzo "Nokuti rworuboshwe pamusoro Liberation Belgrade". Award wadururirwa kubva nendarira. dhayamita wayo 32 millimeters. On pamberi menduru wakanyorwa akanyorwa. On the neizvi divi zvinogona kuwanikwa akanyorwa zuva uye gore. Kusunungurwa Warsaw, saka, kupera zvakanaka nokuda USSR, uye vazhinji vakanga kurondedzerwa menduru.

mhedziso

Takurukura rimwe kunakidza uye zviitiko zvakakosha wokupedzisira pavaipfuura Great Patriotic War. Kusunungurwa Warsaw (1945) akapa Red Army mukana kuchinjira kune West kuparadza simba yeNazi munyika, yakanga muBerlin.