Winter phenomena muhupenyu hupenyu. Zvimwe zvekuzorora

Kutanga nekunaya kwekupedzisira uyezve munguva yose yechando, miti uye shrubs yemiti yemuhara yedu inozorora. Zuva rakadaro rechando rinowedzera muhupenyu hwemichero rinokonzerwa nezvikonzero zvakawanda. Pakati pavo - kuderera kukuru kwehurumende yekutonhora, kusakosha kwezvokudya zvakakwana nevamwe. Upenyu huripo hwemiti huri kudzivirirwa, uye kunyange pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akanaka anokwira kamwe kamwe, haagoni kudzoka zvakare. Vakawanda, pamwe, vakacherechedza kuti kana muna December-January kuti vauye kumba kumba kwemuti wemuti ndokuisa mumvura mumoto, saka hausi "kumuka", uchichengetedza usingaoneki. Asi kana iwe uchitoita izvi kumagumo echando, apo chitubu chiri kuswedera, itsvo dzinoparara pakarepo, kunyange zvichiri kutonhora kunze. Sei izvi zvichiitika? Basa rekuchando rinoita basa rei muupenyu hwekurima? Chii chinoita kuti vamiririri vemiti musango uye munzvimbo dzakapoteredza nemapaki vauke, vachiparadzira mavara matsva? Tichaedza kupindura izvi nemimwe mibvunzo inofadza inowanikwa munyaya yedu.

Zvirimwa muchando

Munyika inopisa iyo yechando, iyo yhizha - kutonhora hakusi kunyanya "kusvetuka" kubva kumativi makuru. Nokudaro, miti mumasitropiki uye kunotyisa zvinokura uye zvinomera mumwaka wose. Mutsara wepakati weRussia ndeimwe nyaya, somuenzaniso. Kana Siberia. Pano, kushanduka kwekushisa "pamwe-minus" dzimwe nguva inogadzira zvishoma makumi mashanu, uye izvi zvezvipenyu zvakawanda zvemiti yakashata zvinongokuvadza. Zvisikwa zvakangwara zvakagadzirwa nokuda kwezvirimwa izvi zvine mavara, kudzivirira kudzivirira kumamiriro ezvinhu akaipa ehupenyu, hunotonhora muchitonhora. Winter phenomena muhupenyu hwezvirimwa - rudzi rwe "blockage" rwehupenyu hutano, kubatsira mukurarama zvakaoma nguva. Chii chiri kuitika kwavari?

Metabolism

Zuva rinowedzera muhupenyu hwemichero rinokonzera nzvimbo yekuzorora, kunonoka kwemetabolism mukati medu. Kuonekwa kwekukura kwemiti kunomiswa. Uyewo kudzokera kumhepo yekunyorova. Kufanana nekudya kunovaka muviri pamwe nekubatsirwa kwemidzi. Aiwa, munguva yechando miti yacho, chokwadi, inokura zvakare. Ivo chete ndivo vanozviita zvishoma nezvishoma, vasingazivi kuti ziso revanhu ripi. Mvura inopararirawo (kupera kwakakwana kwemashoko, maererano nevasayendisiti, kunoitika kudarika 18). Mumwaka wechando, muti mukuru unoputika mumhepo kusvika 250 ml yehutu. Asi, iwe unoona, izvi zvinotora zvishoma nezvishoma kupfuura munguva yechando uye zhizha.

Kudonha mashizha

Anenge miti yose yechando inorega mashizha (kunze kwepasi rose). Iyo inotendeuka pakarepo yemazuva ose ekuvhura uye inowira, ichisiya matavi asina chinhu. Izvi zviitiko zvechando muhupenyu hwezvirimwa zvinosanganisirawo nzira dzekuchengetedza kubva kunotonhora: simiti inorasikirwa nemashizha uye, sezvazvakaita, yakavharwa kubva kumhepo. Anenge avhara zvachose photosynthesis, chinhu chinokosha chemashizha ane chlorophyll. Zvokudya zvinova zvishoma, sezvo zvikamu zvikuru zve carbon dioxide zvinoshandiswa nemavara. Uye midzi, nokuda kwechando, inoderedza kushandiswa kwemhepo uye maminera kubva muvhu.

Zviratidzo zvekushandurwa kwechando munguva yechando

Tinogona kutaura kuti chiratidzo chekutanga chezvirimara ndiko kuderedza kwezuva rekuedza. Apo zuva rekuedza rakanyatsopfupiswa, masero anoshandura chiyero pakati pezvinhu zvinokonzera kutengesa uye kukura kwemashutu. Muti uyu unoita sewokutanga kugadzirira kuderedza upenyu hwekuita.

Kurara kwemiti kunotora nguva yakareba sei yemiti

Mamiriro akafanana emvura yakadzika yechando dormancy, yakaenzana nehubernation, inopesana mumarudzi akasiyana emiti uye shrubs. Saka, somuenzaniso, pane birch kana poplar - kusvikira pakupera kwaJanuary. Meple kana linden inopedza munharaunda iyi kwemwedzi mitanhatu (kunyanya kunaya kwechando). Mu lilac, nguva yekubwinya kwapera kunopera muna December.