Antarctica: vanhu yacho kondinendi. Russian Antarctic nhepfenyuro

Muduku akadzidza uye kupfuura yaisazoraramika kondinendi Panyika - Antarctica. The Vagari yacho iri zvinobva 1 kusvika 4 zviuru vanhu. About huru features, nhoroondo uye kwemashoko vagari "chando" yakaoma verenga nyaya yedu.

Antarctica: muchidimbu pamusoro kondinendi uye zvaro

Chokwadi kuti ichi ndicho coldest kondinendi panyika, vanoziva zvinhu zvose. Zviri pamusoro munharaunda yayo (ari Russian polar "Vostok" chiteshi) yakanyorwa yakadereresa kudziya dzedenga munyika - 89,2 madhigirii pamwe chiratidzo "kubvisa".

Asi kuti chimwe chinyorwa Antarctica shoma Ziva. Saka, huru ndiyewo driest, chikuru uye vakawanda vhuvhuta munyika. Zvechokwadi, izvozvo ndizvo kushaya mvura yokunwa raiva dambudziko rakakura vose angatsunga kukunda Nokuwanda kwakaita yacho inonzi Antarctica. The Vagari huru anewo pachake peculiarities ayo. Zvisinei, ichi ichakurukurwa pashure.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Antarctica yaro zviwanikwa hamuzi chero ano nyika zvenyika. Paaiva emakore akapfuura umambo akawanda vakaedza kumisa kudzora mumwe kana chimwe kondinendi. Muna 1991, nyika munharaunda anzverwa chaiyo dzakati, mumwe nyaya iyo unorambidza chero basa munharaunda Antarctica zvoupfumi (kunyanya pamusoro pokumuka zvayo mupfumi subsoil). Zvisinei, vagari puraneti kwava chaizvo acutely kuziva chishoma vazhinji chicherwa mari. Saka, hazvina kuzivikanwa kuti nguva dzakati achava simba.

Antarctica: yevagari kondinendi yacho unhu

Chezvisimbiso, arctic terns, skuas uye mambo PENGUIN - Ndivo vakawanda vaigara kondinendi chando. Asati pakutanga geographers XIX remakore aigona zvakachengeteka kuverenga kubva pamazita mhuka nokupindura mubvunzo: "Ndiani anogara Antarctica" Zvisinei, muna 1820 zvose hwachinja: pasi penzvimbo yacho kokutanga netsoka murume.

Vanogara Antarctica nhasi? Uye chii kukura kwayo zvachose kwevanhu?

Pakarepo zviripo panotaurwa kuti Antarctic haana zvachose nevanhu nokuda chaizvo okunze. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kondinendi rinogarwa masayendisiti chete, vashandi uye vashanyi. Vose vari kugara pano kwenguva duku.

vanhu vangani vanokwezvwa Antarctica? The Vagari yacho iri pamusoro chiuru vanhu panguva yechando mwaka. Muzhizha inogona kusvika nhamba yevanhu 4,000. On the yakaoma, kupfuura mukurumbira Chirungu, French, Russian uye Spanish.

Muna 1978, pano kokutanga mwana akaberekwa munhu. Raiva mugari kuArgentina, Emilio Marcos Palma. Asi muna 2007, Antarctica rekutanga nokusingaperi wekuwana.

Nhoroondo kukura kondinendi. Russian Antarctica

Nhoroondo Russian Kugadzirwa kondinendi rakatanga muna 1819 apo Kronstadt akaenda rwendo rwezasi vaitungamirirwa Bellingshausen uye Lazarev. Zvakanga iye uyo akazarura kondinendi wechitanhatu uye nyika. kufarira zvikuru Antarctica akaratidza Russian Empire mukupera XIX - mangwanani XX remakore, nekuronga akawanda zvikuru nzendo yesayenzi.

Muna 1946, sezvo vamwe vanyori venhau dzakaitika ichiitwa chakakomba hondo nemauto pamusoro Antarctica. Mushure Second World War achiri vatsigiri - the United States uye Soviet Union - akatumwa Muganhu kondinendi simba rechiuto dzechikwata. Somugumisiro, American rwendo vakadzoka haisi panguva simba zvizere. Zvisinei, mashoko ari kurwisana Antarctic vachiri yakafukidzwa chakavanzika uye uremu zvekungofungira.

Russian Antarctic nhepfenyuro

To musi, 30 inoti vane zvavo tsvakurudzo nenhepfenyuro muna Antarctica. Pakati pavo vane Russia, iro rine zvingoro akadaro nomwe haizi pachitsuwa. Ndiyo "East" chiteshi "Progress", "Bellingshausen", "Novolazarevskaya", "Youth", "Rugare" uye "Leningrad". Mumwe nomumwe wavo ari warwo mhindu.

Saka, pachiteshi "Vostok" muna 1983 yaiva mhedziso rekodhi yakaderera kunyorwa tembiricha Panyika. Ichi chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru (tichitarisa okunze) nzvimbo yedu nyika. Munguva ichangopfuura, "Pole pamusoro Cold" yakanga yakashongedzwa chidhori Lenin - zvikuru southerly munyika.

Kune mamwe Russian yemapurisa "Bellingshausen", wokutanga pamusoro kondinendi Church Orthodox yakavakwa muna 2004. Asi "Novolazarevskaya" Anozvirumbidza chete pamusoro kondinendi Russian kugeza!

Asi chikuru pakati Russian Antarctic nhasi ndiro yemapurisa "Progress". It anoita tsvakurudzo, administrative uye logistical mabasa. Pane akasikwa mitambo zvikuru muzinda polar vatsvakurudzi pamwe sauna, wezvokurapa midziyo uye siyana muviri michina.