"Whirlwind" (chitundumuseremusere). Antitank chombo hurongwa

"Vortex" - chombo kubva Russian antitank chombo hurongwa (ATRA) 9K121 "Vortex" (NATO kupatsanura - AT-16 Scallion), kuva Laser nhungamiro. Ndezvemhuri kubva zvikepe, uyewo Ka-50 helicopters, Ka-52 uye Su-25. Wakatanga kuratidzwa muna 1992 pagungano mhepo anoratidza muna Farnborough.

budiriro History

Complex "Whirlwind" yakazokudziridzwa mune yaimbova Soviet Union somunhu analogue pamusoro ATRA American AGM-114 Mugehena. Basa rakatanga muna 1980 uye akanga kwaitungamirirwa Tula vagadziri of KBP vachitungamirirwa AG Shipunova. The Makopi okutanga zvakakumikidzwa kuhondo muna 1985. Chii njodzi chombo chinoita zvokukandwa yakanga "remhepo"? Miedzo dzakaoma helicopters B-80 uye Su-25T, kuitwa muna 1986, akasimbisa neDare yakakwirira kunyatsoshanda. Mune ramangwana, zvakaoma vakaidzwa mazuvaano, izvo yakaguma muna 1990. Zvisinei, nokuda kutorarama mamiriro ezvemari nokuti mauto eRussia akanga akatenga chete vashoma apedza zvigadzirwa kunovhenekwa zvinangwa. Series kugadzirwa akatanga muna 2014, uye vokutanga nehurongwa akaisa Russian muchiuto pakupera 2015 kushongedzera iri Ka-52 helicopters.

mikana ATRA

Pane shanduro mbiri ichi Anti-zvakaoma:

• 9K121 «Whirlwind" - tanga shanduro, kukura rakapera zvizere 1997. Sei nhare zvakanzi vakapakata kunzwisisa ichi "Whirlwind"? 9M127 chombo aine zvakawanda kusvika 8 km chikamu. garandi Its zvombo kwakanga 900 mm.
• 9K121 «Vikhr-M" - munhu dzakachinja shanduro Serial. Anosanganisira chombo "Vortex-1" (mureza rokuti - 9M127-1) ne zvakawanda 10 km, akashongedzerwa aine tandem vebasa rinobaya zvombo kuti 1200 mm.

Kunyatsogona zvombo kurova kugona

Ndezvipi zvinhu ATGM "Whirlwind"? The chombo yakaoma zvakagadzirirwa kuparadza inokosha muvhu huru, kusanganisira dzokurwa, vakapakata chikuru kana mamwe putika-reactive nadzo (MUNGUVA). Zvinenge zvose Anti zvombo ushande pahwaro tinofanira kugara kuita, kureva. E. By dzokurwa kuboora ndege inopisa simbi. Kuputika-reactive nadzo unogona kutyorwa bedzi mashoma Hits panzvimbo. Pfungwa iyi rakatangwa muna tandem zvombo, kufanana "Vortex-1" chitundumuseremusere, umo mune mbiri kupomera tinofanira kugara kunouya muna nokukurumidza. Pasina tandem kupomera kuwana imwe nzvimbo zvombo kwakaoma zvisingaiti.

Zvinoumba ATGM "Whirlwind"

Rocket "Vortex-1" warhead chiri antitank yakaoma "Vortex-M", iyo inosanganisira zvinotevera zvinoriumba:

• launcher nokuti ndege (helicopters, ndege) kutaipa AAP kana AAP-6-8;
• otomatiki ongororo maitiro uye kukanganiswa zvaimirirwa I-251 "Squall-M."

Automatic sighting maitiro "squall-M" kukura Krasnogorsky chirimwa "pamusoro-soro" anopiwa ane TV uye vaIri (michini) Mipata aiming kuti Laser danda ndima kudzora chombo chinoita zvokukandwa, mumwe Laser rangefinder, imwe otomatiki Unit chipfuro Tracking, digital kombiyuta uye hurongwa chitundumuseremusere Kudzikamiswa akatizira mu ndege mbiri . I-251 hurongwa chinopa kubaya kuonekwa uye kuzivikanwa masikati nousiku, kuti otomatiki Tracking ose nhovo chombo chinoita zvokukandwa nhungamiro pamusoro pavo, uye outputs mashoko akarurama nokuda atirari uye kutokonora.

kukanganiswa Michina

Kana Coordinates ari kubaya pre-akapinda mune onboard digitaalinen kombiyuta yakaoma (ODCC) neherikoputa (ndege), uyo ndangariro anofanira kuchengetwa nzvimbo map ndege, kana kusvika kubaya panguva chinhambwe 12-15? Km wegadziriro iri kwaita kushandisa "Squall-M." Kana chipfuro Coordonatele vanozivikanwa chete inenge, kwegadziriro boresight yakaoma "Vortex-M" zvinosanganisira mutyairi wendege. It unotanga kushanda pakuvheneka nzvimbo iri neterevhizheni (kana chafariz kuri) mugero, kuratidza migumisiro iri TV chidzitiro iri mberi.

Mushure pakuonekwa chipfuro TV mutyairi kunosanganisira maximizing rudzi, anozivisa kubaya uye zvinotungamirira ayo mufananidzo chipepa reticle. The Hurongwa ipapo "Squall-M" rinoshandurwa nenzira mutyairi pamusoro Tracking ane vanozivikanwa chipfuro. In muoti ichi, mufambisi anofanira kuchengeta neherikoputa munzvimbo yakadaro panyaya chipfuro, zvokuti rakanga mukati inogamuchirika siyana nokuda Tracking midziyo yacho azimuth angled (kuti ± 35 °) uye kukwirira angled (+ kubvira 5 ° kusvika -80 °). Kana wasvika bvumidzwa chikuva, kwaita makatangira ane Anti-zvinoita zvokukandwa "Whirlwind". Nenguva chipfuro panguva iyoyo unogona kuisa miniti hafu kana maviri zvitundumuseremusere vachiridzira kusvika 4 nhovo huru.

The chombo "Whirlwind": Features

The chombo chakagadzirirwa kuparadza warrior pasi huru, kusanganisira vaya wakabatanidzwa pamwe chikuru kana mamwe putika-reactive dzokurwa ari chinhambwe 8 km ari maitiro moto kubva neherikoputa uye 10 km kubva ndege masikati (kusvika 5 km usiku), uyewo kukunda mhepo huru inopiwa VOP kufukidza nzira. Zvinonzi vakapakata zvose kuonana uye napedyo fuses. Zvapedzisira unokubvumira kutsikwa zvemuchadenga vanonangwa rava kwavari pamusoro chinhambwe kusvikira 5 m.

The kutiza nokukurumidza chombo chinoita zvokukandwa chinhu supersonic, richisvika 610 m / s, saka kuti chinhambwe 4 km izvozvo Unokunda muna 9 seconds. Saka PTUR yakaoma AGM-114K Mugehena kufukidza mufambo ichi zvinoda 15 sezvo inobhururuka imwe subsonic nokukurumidza.

At necheparutivi misangano chipingamupinyi ari chombo 90 ° inosimbiswa hwatsvuka homogenous simbi dzokurwa 1,000 mm paukobvu.

chitundumuseremusere patani

Rocket warhead ari inoumbwa tandem redunhu uye munzvimbo dzokuzororera dzaiva pamwe kureba kwayo. Front-mugumo chinhu shaped mutariri, uko nemotokari zvina aerodynamic kuzvidzora hukawanika anogona ribviswe niches ari neizvi mirayiridzo hama kuti chitundumuseremusere akurumidze. Next ari kubatanidzwa warhead rechipiri rine zvose tinofanira kugara uye mukuru-putika kusabatana mugove.

Nokuti warhead wakatora huni huru injini uye injini chaiyo pacharo hwakasimba mokugezera maviri kutaurirwa necheparutivi kuti akabatana ari chitundumuseremusere. Pano, muchikamu muswe of chombo, zviri paku mudziyo kuzvidzora hurongwa midziyo uyewo Laser mugamuchiri svetolucha.

Rwemberi pekugara chikamu hwakarongwa aerodynamic empennage chitundumuseremusere mana hwakakungwa Kutenderera (uchiriona chombo chinoita zvokukandwa mhino) mapapiro pentagonal chimiro, kuti asati atanga (kana mukati chokufambisa uye kanda mudziyo (TPK)) yakabatana dzimba, uye ipapo kuratidzwa pachishandiswa chaiwo zvigadziriswe.

Kuwanikwa pehurumende-bapiro kuzvidzora hukawanika pamberi uye neshure unmanaged rinobvumira zvinosanganisira chombo aerodynamic zano pamusoro mhando "Dhadha".

Shanda chitundumuseremusere zvigadziriswe panguva yokutanga uye ndege

Zvinonzi zvifambiswe kuti girazi-faibha Akazadzisa mapurasitiki TPK, umo inotanga pasi pokudzora propellant nevezera accumulator. Kana nezvekutanga anotora nzvimbo duku ejection yezvipiriso magasi neshure kuguma TPK. Pakarepo pashure pokubva nezvekutanga mugaba nominated mapapiro uye chitundumuseremusere injini iri rakatangwa. Laser kuona iri pamusoro aft chombo, izvo zvinowanzoita kuti varambe vari Laser danda panguva kutiza.

Kutungamirirwa Laser danda riri kubaya ndiyo vimbiso dzakakwirira rakarurama kupfura chisingazivi kuderera muwanze chipfuro kure. Simba Laser pamberi nemwaranzi zvokuti akanetseka kuti chiri ndarayira zvikuru zvishoma pane chikumbaridzo triggering simba kwakaitwa vatorwa zvichikurukura gadziriro yacho Laser irradiation. Rinopa pakupedzisira. yokuvanda zvombo. Rocket "Vortex" anokwanisa pokuenda duku kadikidiki kuparadza chipfuro kirasi "tangi" ane mukana 80%.