Pakutanga muhondo. Basa Russia

The Great Northern War yakarwiwa pakati Sweden uye mubatanidzwa hwokumusoro inoti. It kwakatora anopfuura makore makumi maviri, munguva kubvira 1700 kusvika 1721 uye hwakaguma pokukundwa Sweden. The chikuru basa kukunda ndekwaJehovha Russia. Izvi zvakapa naye aitungamirira chinzvimbo uto pakati nyika dzokuEurope.

Gore hondo yokutanga

Kwehondo muSweden kumhuka kwazvo. Aiva simba nezvikepe uye nehondo vomuzana kirasi. Pakutanga Sweden akarwisa vavakidzani vayo - Poland, Denmark, Russia. Mauto vakakwanisa akakunda yakawanda panyika, iyo akakonzera ratidziro chikuru uye kusagutsikana. Zvose izvi zvakaita kuti chokwadi chokuti kugumbuka vavakidzani, achida ane yakakodzera nguva, akaumba sungano kuzorwa Sweden. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti izvi kutanga Northern War. Vavariro vari nyore zvikuru: kudzokera kundima kokutanga apo Russia kuti kuhwina sikweya yakabatana Sea reBaltic.

Kwaiita dzairwisa

Kwehondo aifanira kuverenga. Kushandisa muduku Mambo Charles XII, mubatanidzwa wemauto airwisa Germany vachienda kurwisa Sweden kumativi matatu. Asi pashure kudzidza nezvengozi kuti anotarisana, Karl XII akasarudza kuputsa vavengi mumwe. Somugumisiro, mavambo hondo vakaenda chaizvo zvakasiyana. dzechikwata Swedish wakabhombwa Copenhagen uye akamanikidza nehondo bvuma. Yaiva chete yakabatana Russia, akanga ane zvikepe, izvo mhetamakumbo zvikuru mauto simba vasanganiswa.

Russia akamanikidzwa nokukurumidza kuita chinhu. hondo dzaro, rinosvika 35 zviuru vanhu, mavambo kukombwa Narva. Zvisinei, November 20, 1700, Karl XII uye nehondo yake ndokukuvadza mumwe unorema kurohwa. Mauto Russian vakatambura zvikuru kurasikirwa. kukundwa Izvi zvakakanganisa vasanyanya nzvimbo Russia muna dzakawanda munhandare.

Miscalculation Charles XII

Saka, pakutanga hondo nokuti dzairwisa aiva zvisingafadzi.. Sweden zvakare nokukurumidza kunyorwa akabviswa munhoroondo Russia, muchitenda kuti muvengi chete muhondo iyi ndiyo Rzeczpospolita. Kukundikana chete kunopfavisa hunhu Peter. Akatanga Vanosarudzwa kudzidzisa kurwa. It inovaka dzakadzivirirwa vanopinza uye kudzidzisa varwi.

A yaaivimba iri hondo kuzorwa Sweden kuti Russia vakava Saxony. Peter haana achishingaira vakatsigira namambo. Kutenda, akavimbisa kuti riwanikwe Saxon mauto rubles zviuru zvina makumi maviri namazana rimwe pagore.

Akanyatsogadzirira, mubatanidzwa wemauto airwisa Germany vakatanga kurwa. The dzakatevedzana Kukunda Sweden. Vaiva zvikuru, sezvo kukwidza morale uye manzwiro pashure pokukundwa pa Narva. Uyezve, akabatsira kuchengeta kutanga ari Civil War.

Kugara marambi mauto uye kurwa, Peter akaedza kuvandudza ukama Sweden uye zvipiriso chibvumirano. Zvisinei, Sweden hakusi kuda kuziva kuti Russia akahwina kodzero kuwana kuGungwa reBaltic. Mukuwedzera Russia vasingafariri Britain yayo vakabatana. Ivowo, vakatya kuti kana hondo Sweden apindira muhondo yacho Spanish Kwevaapostora, uye uchava kurutivi French.

Somugumisiro kuNorthern War vava nemakore akawanda uye kwakauraya zviuru zvevanhu. Russia akahwina kuondomoka kukunda. It kwete chete akatangazve kare akarasika ndima asi akawana vatsva.