Walter Ulbricht: Biography, mapikicha uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Walter Ulbricht aiva mumwe enyika anokosha inofananidza remakore rechimakumi maviri. Akaita mupiro wakakura kuti paumbwe German Democratic Republic uye nzvimbo yaro iri geopolitical map pashure pehondo Europe. Kwemakore, utungamiri, akakwanisa kupedza vanoverengeka zveupfumi kuchinja kuti zvikurumidze zvakachinja socio-enyika upenyu muEast Germany. Kunyatsoongorora mabasa ayo polarity: vamwe vanotenda Ulbricht gamba renyika, uye vamwe mutengesi.

Walter Ulbricht: Biography

Akaberekwa ari ramakumi matatu June 1893 muLeipzig. baba vake aiva muvezi. Workshop riri Ulbricht musha. Naizvozvo, sezvo pauduku, Walter akashanda mairi, kubatsira baba vake. Achagumisa Leipzig puraimari, pashure iyo anovandudza kuveza inoshanda Studio yake kubva 1907. Iye inehanya zvematongerwo enyika. In Leipzig panguva iyoyo vari zvakasiyana siyana mugovanisi yeChina. Anoverenga mabasa Shona, Bebel, Marx nevamwe vazivi wokuGermany kuruboshwe-bapiro. Pazera remakore nemapfumbamwe achipinda Social Democratic Party. Vachishingaira paChikoro mabasa matare emo. Hondo Yenyika Rokutanga, ivo Socialist haana kudana nechemberi, dzakurukurwa zvinhu ngozi. Zvisinei, pashure pemakore ne hondo, kusarudza pasi pakudzokorora. Kaiser anonzwisisa kuti rwemberi kuipandukira zvakawanda zvakaipa. Naizvozvo kuunganidza zvose chirango uye vachiedza kuita nazvo.

The hondo Great

Walter Ulbricht vaitorwa kuhondo muna 1915. Panguva mberi, mubasa kusimudzira mugovanisi pfungwa. Maererano nedzimwe mishumo, iye muchirongwa fraternization pamwe nemasoja Russian. "Fraternization" kwakaitika dzemitambo zvose zvehondo. Panguva iyo varwi mauto airwisana vakabuda pemigero kusangana mumwe. In regumi namasere Walter Ulbricht anotora vanonzi "Spartacus League". Ichi yakakura Marxist sangano, akamira pamusoro nzvimbo kuramba capitalism, wokudzora uye chiuto.

Kutanga echimurenga mabasa

Negore regumi namasere Ulbricht demobiliziruyut. Panguva ino ari Empire German chimurenga kwatanga. Walter pakarepo anotanga kutora basa chikamu mairi. Just vhiki wakazara vapanduki vanhu vanokwanisa kukunda umambo uye kuzivisa zvokuvhoterwa. Ulbricht chikamu yomunharaunda dare Masoja 'vevatariri. Zvadaro awana kodzero kumiririra vashandi uye varwi Leipzig. In basa iri, anosika yokuGermany Communist Party dhipatimendi. Nokuti gore Anokwanisa kuva mutungamiriri komiti reruwa. Akakushandira sezvo mupepeti dzakakurumbira pepanhau "kirasi hondo." For akabudirira pabasa Leipzig, Walter Ulbricht akasarudzwa kuti Party Central Committee. Mumakore maviri rechipiri gore rinotanga mumwe Congress idzva "International" - International Communist neshamwari.

Walter ndiyo nhengo German Embassy uye anotora chikamu reCongress of International muMoscow. Pachedu pandaisangana Lenin. Mugore rechimakumi maviri pagore rechitanhatu, izvozvo rwuripowo Kuronga Reichstag mutevedzeri, apo kuramba vachishingairira muna International. Paakataura Executive dare.

Flight uye yokuvanda

Mushure nepfari nesimba hweNational Socialist vanotanga kutambudzwa vaKomonisiti. SS anoitisa zvokuongorora vose vakakurumbira kwokufananidzira yeutongi uye mugovanisi kumapati, pakati pavo Walter Ulbricht. enyika wokuGermany anoenda pevhu. Mugore nokutambudzwa kunaka hurumende vanhu kuwedzera itsva matatu rechitatu. Walter anomhanya muSoviet Union. Negore ramakumi matatu namashanu rokubata wandichavatorera kwake Political Bureau veboka. Makore matatu gare gare, iye anonaya nzvimbo yake International. Sezvo pakutanga Civil War Spanish akatumira ikoko sezvo enyika mubatsiri. Pashure mukukunda kwaFranco akaenda France. Asi imwe itsva nyika harigari refu. Mushure basa mundima French nevaNazi, Ulbricht akadzokera kuMoscow. Mushure pakutanga Great Patriotic mubasa anoparadzirwa pavarwi German uye vatariri. Muhondo Stalingrad ari munhu kuburikidza nevakurukuri akadana varwi German kuzvipira. Mugore rechimakumi mana chetatu Anti-Hitler anosika Committee Military.

Mushure Second World War

Pakarepo shure kukunda Kukuru Patriotic War of Soviet Union anotanga kuvaka upenyu rugare iri dzatorwa. Kuti pave nehurumende itsva pakutanga May muBerlin kunouya wezvematongerwe enyika Walter Ulbricht pamwe pfumbamwe inofananidza yeutongi pachivande. Anobatsira kudzorera vehurumende masangano muBerlin uye ipapo yose Germany. Pashure pokuwa yeNazi hurumende muEast Germany pamutemo unoshanda kumapati akawanda. Ulbricht vakuru mumwe wavo - SPEG. A muzvizhinji kuti vanoshingaira vadzidzi uye vakadzidza vanobatana webato idzva.

Walter Ulbricht, wezvematongerwe enyika wokuGermany: Biography, mapikicha ari musoro GDR

Munguva vamakumi mashanu, Walter anova musoro German Democratic Republic. Zvisinei, iye anoramba ake akare pambiru Mutevedzeri wehurumende. Saka, Ulbricht kuti achiita zvayo maoko simba azere. In maonero ake, iye aiva nechokwadi ane paitonga Stalin. kuvakwa gutsaruzhinji rakatanga munyika. Land kuchinja akabvumira kushayisa varidzi guru mapurazi uye kushandisa navo kurapa National upfumi. It akatanga nationalization akaitwa.

Chenjera political dambudziko

Kudzosera kwemaindasitiri ari post-hondo pokuparadzwa zvakazoita kuti zvoupfumi uye kusagutsikana vemo. The chinhu dzakakurumbira ruvengo vakava Walter Ulbricht. enyika wokuGermany, uyo Biography hauonekwi zvakaoma wandei nguva, kana kuti mashanu nezvitatu July mazuva aiva kupfuura zvakamuomera muupenyu. Misa wavanozvisunga kwakawedzera kuva hayo rokumukira. Walter aifanira kukumbira kubatsirwa kuti Soviet Union. nemauto eSoviet akanga atendeuka kuna mumigwagwa mumaguta akawanda, uye munyori mukuru akanga kuvanda mundima vaitonga yaitonga. Munguva kudzvinyirira yokupanduka Ulbricht akakwanisa kuparadza zvachose kushorwa mubato.

Changing kosi

The Hurumende wokuti Ulbricht akanga aisimbirira rokuchinjwa kwezvivako uye kugadzirwa vanokwanisa. Kuvaka gutsaruzhinji akatakurwa huvandudzike. Enyika akazviratidza kutsoropodzwa kwete chete muna GDR, asiwo Kremlin. Lavrenti Beria rave akabvunza sarudzo uye nzira Walter. Aidavira kuti nzira dzakawanda socialization uye voga zvikoro chete dzinga vanhu kubva kuhurumende.

Somugumisiro, Ulbricht akadana Moscow uye ataure amboshandurirwa zvirongwa zvoruzhinji. Pashure paizvozvo, nokuti iye, "akatora hanya" zvikwata Soviet Group of Forces muna GDR Semenov. Muzhizha makumi matanhatu nechimwe chaiva chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha zviri post-hondo Europe. The Soviet Union pamutemo mumaoko atonge nyika mumaoko Ulbricht. Panyaya iyi, US uto achiri vaiva West Berlin. Zvakatanga rakakomba dambudziko. Pakati guru German bedzi mamita mashomanana kubva mumwe kwaiva matangi ari USSR uye USA. Inosimudzira aibuda wavakatiza muna West Germany. Muchiitiko chino, paiva nomumwe chete unclosed kuyambuka muganhu pfungwa. Kuti dissociate roga kubva Federal Republic of Germany, panguva Socialist hurumende ichibudira masvingo erection chirongwa pakati Berlin. Chisarudzo ichi chakaitwa pachake Valter Ulbriht. Photo porusvingo, iyo vakatanga pakarepo kumisa regumi namatatu August, akafamba kumativi ose nhau zvenyika.

rusvingo Ulbricht

Pashure pakuvaka rusvingo vakatanga kwenguva itsva upenyu enyika ari GDR. Munguva pfupi itsva nomutemo zveupfumi rakaumbwa. Makambani akawanda kare nationalized vakanga vakabatana pasi rimwe dare miviri. Mushure kuchinja zvematongerwo ezvinhu muEast Germany yava kudzikamiswa. Zvisinei, Moscow kwakaita kutendeseka yakavhiringidzwa Walter. Vanhu pamusoro pake kakawanda vaitoseka. majee zhinji uye nicknames Leipzig vakamuzvidza madudziro emazwi ake uye kushandisa mashoko-tupukanana Walter.

Chirevo Presidium Supreme Soviet of USSR musi June 29, 1963, kuti mupiro wake pachake kuti pakurwisa Fascism panguva Second World War uye maererano 70 gore yokuberekwa Ulbricht Walter akanga paakavapa musoro Hero of Soviet Union uye Order of Lenin uye menduru "Gold Star" .

Munguva makumi nerimwe, Brezhnev pachake akabvunza kuti kusiya basa ose Ulbricht. Pashure kukurukura Munyori General pachavo akabvunza yokupedzisira wacho kurizaina. Wokutanga August 1973 akafa, Walter Ulbricht. GDR zvikuru zvakasikwa mutemo uyu. Akazotaura munyika kukura uye mitemo kwemakumi emakore achauya.