The hunhu uye migumisiro Stolypin shanduko mune agrarian zvekutepfenyura

By pakutanga XX remakore wokuRussia Empire kuwedzera lagged shure dzokumadokero vakwikwidzi zvayo zvekushandisa, upfumi uye zvemagariro kukura. Vanonzi "kubata-up" mazuvaano, rwakatanga pakati XIX remakore, uye havana kubatsira kuvhara pakakoromoka. Hatina kuuya kutsvakwa zvabuda, uye kuchinja zvikuru 1860-70-ies. State vaingovawo vanoda itsva kuchinja kuti kugadzirisa upfumi uye munzanga kukura pamusoro capitalist pemitsara.

Kutanga zvinhu

Yakadaro kuedza kuva akagadzirwa kuchinja ari Prime Minister Petra Arkadevicha Stolypina. Chokutanga, hazvina kunetseka kuchinja zvokurima zvekutepfenyura. It aitarisirwa kuti migumisiro Stolypin kwakaita zvinhu achapa kurudziro simba kukudziri- zvose kuMudzidzisi nzvimbo munyika. zano ravo huru yaiva kusika marongera zvakasimba yakabudirira, akazvimirira uye enterprising miduku yokuruwa, izvo zvingadai ukavandudzwa nemugwagwa noukama uye aizoita Russia chinotokosha zvikuru ekisipota okurima zvigadzirwa. Okupedzisira migumisiro Stolypin zvinhu achimuona inspirer iri kwaita boka simba zvoupfumi mamaneja, rakafanana varimi American. Zvinangwa izvi, State Credit Bank nokuti hurumende chirevo yakatanga hombe danidziro kuratidza chikwereti vanhuwo zvavo kutenga munda. Zvisinei, kwete kudzoka chikwereti zvakakwana zvikuru mutongo - nepfari mugove yakatengwa. Izvi, maererano vavandudzi chaiva atevere private kutanga. The chinokosha kuchinja chirongwa agrarian wechipiri waiva kukura munyika kuSiberia. Land yemunharaunda zvakaendeswa akasununguka varimi zvose achida kushandisa. Uye hurumende yakakurudzira uye akwanise kwemahofisi mhuri murimi mudiki kusvika Urals. Special Formulations vakasikwa kuti chinangwa ichi, akazonzi "Stolypin ngoro". Mukuwedzera, kwezvivako kuSiberia ari kushingaira akasikwa iyoyo.

Kunobva Stolypin kuti agrarian kuchinja

Designs, pasina mubvunzo, zvinokosha munhoroondo Russian, zvematongerwo enyika uye harina kuunzwa kwayo musoro mhedziso. Implementation yavo yakatanga kwedzimwe rufu rwake muna 1911, uye ipapo pakupedzisira vanonoke nezvichaitika huru hondo. Saka, zvakaoma zvinoita kutaura kuti migumisiro Stolypin kuti zvinhu zvakanga zvakawanda kana zvishoma zvakakwana. Asi vakawanda dzinokura panguva Implementation wavo achiri ikoko kwave, nekuti unogona kuzochera mhedziso.

The yakanaka migumisiro Stolypin shanduko mune agrarian zvekutepfenyura

Mugumisiro hurumende chiito kwaiva kuti ari murimi mudiki vemunharaunda akanga dzinounzwa 10% kusvika 20% vemo. Recent vakatanga akazvimirira management. Mumakore mashomanana akatevera, varimi vanobudirira akatanga kusiya hafu chingwa aonekwa pamusika. Aoma urongwa rwaiitwa kukura kweSiberia, nekuti panguva kuchinja vakagaramo kupfuura mamiriyoni 3 nemhuri. Somugumisiro, nzvimbo itsva vaivapowo chinokosha-musika ukama. The nyika yave yekudyidzana akawedzera nharaunda kwenyika arable.

Negative migumisiro Stolypin kuti kuchinja

Layering okuzvitonga nemisha zvakatungamirira kuti pamwe vanobudirira uye vakaonekwa varimi akatambudzika. Kunyange kubuda munharaunda upfumi akaramba noukama hwepedyo naye. Panyaya iyi, kuti kuchinja kwakanga hafu mikukutu. Iye haana kuva kuti munhu nezvainoita muzvigadzirwa kukura kurima. Pakazosvika 1911, chikuru nhumbi wokuRussia murimi mudiki achiri zvekare pagejo.