The chidzoke upenyu panyika

Pane mafungiro akawanda, hypotheses nedzidziso nezvemavambo upenyu panyika. First paiva youMwari dzidziso. Vamiririri vacho vanodavira kuti upenyu - pamusana nokutungamirira kwaMwari. Pasinei chokwadi kuti dzidziso akaonekwa dzekare, zviri kushingaira yakatanga uye nhasi, kunyanya muzvikoro muchechi. Modern yezvouMwari anthropology nezvichaitika kugara Zvakawanikwa zvainanga achitsanangura zvesayenzi chokwadi. Fungidziro asina akaratidza, kana disproved. Vakaomerwa charo kuti hazvisi zvesayenzi uye hazvigoni kuongororwa ne kuedza.

The chidzoke upenyu panyika anoruramiswa sezvo dzidziso panspermia. Vatsigiri vake hypothesized extragalactic mavambo. Representatives vari - Richter, P. Lazarev, Helmholtz nevamwe. Saka, Gemgolts aidavira kuti kwemabhakitiriya spores nezvimwe zvinenge vakauyiswa kuna Pano meteorites. Achibatsirwa Murabhoritari nemiedzo zvakanzi vakawana kuti zvipenyu zviri husingakwanisi yakaderera tembiricha dzimwe nemigumisiro. Kunyange-yakareba kuchembera chirimwa mbeu uye spores mu mvura senitrogen kana okisijeni kuti haiiti kuti rufu rwavo. Pane pfungwa kuti upenyu chaitwa hedu kana netsaona nzvimbo vatorwa. Panewo imwe pfungwa kuti muguruva uye gasi makore nzvimbo ikoko tusingaoneki. Vari akabatwa uye comets pamwe azvino yakarova nyika.

Kune dzimwe dzidziso kwakabva upenyu panyika. Somuenzaniso, paNyika mira mamiriro. Vamiririri vacho vanodavira kuti upenyu chakavapo zvachose. Forms uyewo vagara aripo uye haazombofi muka. Kunoitika chete kuchinja saizi yavo kana kunyanya mhando chose kufa kunze. Vatsigiri havazivi mukana nezvokuvapo Transitional siyana. Kutsigira nzvimbo yavo vavanotungamirira Crossopterygii hove - coelacanth, nguva refu zvaionekwa Transitional fomu kubva hove amphibians. Zvisinei, muna 1939, akanga akabatwa kopi hove wokutanga, uye ipapo inotevera. Izvi zvakaratidza kuti coelacanth - kwete Transitional chimiro. Paiva nezvimwe mienzaniso vasabatwa kwainzi yakatotsakatika zvinenge.

The chidzoke upenyu panyika wakarurama, uye shanduka dzidziso. Representatives vanodavira kuti zvinhu zvose zvakasikwa yakatangwa anenge mabhiriyoni 15 apfuura nokuda Big Bang. Pashure renyeredzi simbi kubviswa panguva kumhanya nepedyo. Somugumisiro panyika vakadhakwa kwemakemikari uye nemagetsi chinja mumhepo uye mvura kuumbwa Organic yeimwe, ipapo upenyu vakatanga uye muitiro yemhindumupindu kwenyaya mupenyu.

Maererano nokukanganisika dzidziso Oparin, kuti chidzoke upenyu panyika ichaongororwa sezvo pamusana shanduka kukura nyaya. Nyore Organic nyaya rakabva zvikuru mumhepo magasi. Somugumisiro abiogenous kwetunhu Organic yeimwe vakaumba ngetani mapuroteni uye nucleic acids. Naizvozvo fazoobosoblennye ezvinhu rakaumbwa kuti makemikari zvinhu, izvo zvave aparadzana rokunze Kamudzira kwezvakatipoteredza. Zvino paiva nechitarisiko masero nyore, izvo ndine zvivako zviri mhenyu kwaizotevera shanduka. L.Millera Munguva kuedza zvakanzi zvakaratidza kuti amino acids nezvimwe Organic mamorekuru ingangoumbwa kubva inorganic yeimwe pasi ultraviolet chiedza uye dzemagetsi discharges.

Zvisinei, Modern pfungwa upenyu pasi yakasiyana, yemamiriro ndeyokuti kuti RNA nyika. Vatsigiri vanodavira kuti munguva makemikari shanduka aiva zvenguva danho, kana munhu wacho RNA mamorekuru vawanda uye vaikwikwidzana. Somugumisiro zvidzidzo, kwakaonekwa kuti vamwe RNA mamorekuru vanogona kutevedzera pasina kunzwisisa mapuroteni mamorekuru.