Streletsky yakapanduka (1682): zvinokonzera, zvabuda

Muna 1682, uta Moscow vave kufanorongwa nyonganyonga, zvichiguma simba Sophia A. - vakuru hanzvadzi yechiduku machinda Ivan uye naPetro. Kupanduka uku kwakaratidzwa vakawanda kuponda boyars namachinda.

prerequisites

Famous strelets Kupanduka 1682 kwakaitika nezvikonzero zvinoverengeka. Nguva pfupi vasati akasikwa echiShinto wegadziriro itsva, iyo yekudyidzana akachinja mirairo vehondo. Pamberi vapfuri vaiva nomuzongoza weuto, ayo vapfumi dzakabatana. Nokuuya pamusoro regiments ari hurongwa hutsva chaizvoizvo vakanga ikava murindi guta.

Uyezve, wakarurama pamberi yemuna streltsi muhoro vakapa kwemashifiti nokuda isina pfuma. Pakanga pane stratum ichi uye hazing umo vatungamiri vakaramba mari mutevedzeri uye kukanganisirwa ose nzira nechinzvimbo chavo. Izvi zvose zvakasikwa makakatanwa. Nokufamba kwenguva zvaifanira kurichinja hayo ratidziro. Zvose yaidiwa iyi - vamwe kwokunze chiitiko. Uye akawana.

mugari wenhaka kuti dambudziko

April 27, 1682, akafa mambo wechiduku Theodore A .. rufu rwake zvakaita kuti dynastic kuvhiringidzika. At vashakabvu vasina vana. Chigaro ukapfuura mumwe wehama dzake duku - vanakomana Alexei Mikhailovich. Ivan naPetro vachiri mwana. Netsika, chigaro aifanira kuwana wokutanga. Zvisinei, Ivan aiva mwana ndonda, uye Kremlin aidavira mangwanani kuti aizofa. Uyezve, hama yababa vake vaiva vanamai vakasiyana, ichiteverwa vakamira Knights anorwisana mapoka. Pano ichi political zvinovhiringidza yaipinda uye akatora bongozozo strelets 1682.

Amai gumi Ivan aiva Maria Miloslavskaya - mumiririri mukuru akazvarwa uye simba mhuri. Iye akafa asati wake, saka pakanga Vanasekuru uye nedzimwe hama shure mbudzana. -Gore Gumi Peter ndiye mwanakomana Natalia Naryshkin. Streletsky vachimupandukira 1682 kwakakonzerwa pavanotaurirana pakati mhuri mbiri pakusarudza mambo mutsva.

Tsarevich Petr

Maererano nomutemo, mugari wenhaka akanga kuziva Boyar Duma. Iye vakaungana kuti kare nechirwere chisingarapiki Theodore A. paaigadzirira kutaura akaonekana navo kuti upenyu. Avakuru akasarudza Peter. Mukomana uyu aiva utano munin'ina wavo, izvo zvinoreva kuti vatsigiri vake asingadi kutya kuti ramangwana ravo chiitiko imwe inopfuura simba shanduko.

Chimwe chimiro kiyi munyaya yaiva hanzvadzi vakuru Ivan uye Peter Sophie Alekseevna. Zvakanga iye ndiye akatanga kupanduka musketeers. Princess yaiva 25 fung gore, iye aiva murume akura ane vavariro huru. Sophia aida kudhonza jira simba pamusoro pachake. Ita izvozvo wakati achienda, kutanga, vachishandisa kusagutsikana kwavo chinzvimbo uta, uye chepiri nokuda kutsigira vanotambudzika Duma Miloslavskys. Princess zvakare akavimba machinda simba Ivana Hovanskogo uye Vasily Golitsyn. Izvi zvikuru varume havana zvachose kufara Akarumbidzwa Naryshkins yakaderera-kuzvarwa.

Kusagadzikana Moscow

Nokukurumidza pashure Mutongo Boyar Duma riri kusarudza mutsivi muMoscow akatanga kuparadzira runyerekupe nezvewikendi kukanganisa nokuda kwavapfuri vouta. Kukurukurirana aya anotsigirwa navanopinda richikurukura vatsigiri Miloslavskys. Streletsky vachimupandukira 1682 kwakakonzerwa hombe manyepo ari muchiuto. The nyaya kusateerera pachavo Vakuru.

Mavhiki maviri muguta guru, mamiriro ezvinhu akanga akaoma zvikuru uye hainyatsozivikanwi. Pakupedzisira musi waMay 15 kusvika Sophia akatanga kuita zvakawanda zvokuita. Ivan Miloslavsky uye Peter NdiTolstoy akaenda Musketeers District uye ikoko pachena vapfuri vakatanga kushevedzera kuna Kremlin, zvichipomerwa nokuti kuti Naryshkin akauraya mucheche Tsarevich Ivan. A revanhu nezvombo chaizvoizvo vakaenda wamambo makamuri. Ikoko, iye akabvunza kuti boyars vaishora Sophia uye Miloslavskys uye avo kukonzera rufu mwana.

Disaffected akasangana Queen Natalia Naryshkin. Kudzidza zvinokonzera kusawirirana, zvakatungamirira paberere youshe Ivan naPetro, achiratidza zvakajeka kuti vana vose zvakanaka. Zvikonzero bope musketeers kwaisanganisira makuhwa asina yasimbiswa. Saka kunze komutemo chiito anogona kare sevakaenzana kumusoro ndamukirwa.

Tanga ropa

Situation ari Kremlin zvasvika Kubika pfungwa. Vazhinji vakanga vasina vakaparadzirwa, kana pamusoro chete pavharanda resurfaced Naryshkins mutsigiri Boyar Mikhail Dolgorukov. Jinda ichi vakadanidzira panguva musketeers, mhosva navo hurumende uye kuurayiwa kukurumidzirwa. Panguva iyoyo nyongano varwi akazowana mumwe muchaparadza kutsamwa kwake. Dolgorukova akandwe kubva peberere mberi mapfumo varwi kumira pazasi. Saka ropa wokutanga rakateurwa.

Zvino kwakange po- shure. Naizvozvo, bope musketeers zvakaitika nokukurumidza, uye kunyange yekuita varongi yacho mhirizhonga kuti kuparadzira makuhwa dzenhema vakarega kudzora mamiriro ezvinhu. Vapanduki vaibata nevamwe anofungidzirwa Naryshkins, kusanganisira mutungamiri webato ravo Artamonov Matveev. Mumuzinda Mambokadzi varwi vakabayiwa mukoma wake Athanasius. Kuuraya mberi zuva rose. Vapfuri wadzikamisa Kremlin. The zvinoshandisa pakurima uye outputs pakati dzoushe namakamuri kurindwa nevakuru vapanduki. Kutaura zvazviri, mhuri yeumambo vakava hostages.

Udzvanyiriri pamusoro Naryshkins

First strelets kupandukira zvakaita kuti mhirizhonga akakwana muguta. Simba, akafa mitezo. Vapanduki nokushingaira chaiyo vakatsvaka mumwe munun'una Queen - Ivan Naryshkin. Pazuva ropa, akavanza dzemadzimambo makamuri, saka vakapona. Zvisinei, rimwe zuva pashure vapfuri zvakare akauya Kremlin uye akabvunza vasunungurwe Ivana Kirillovicha. Zvikasadaro, vakavimbisa kuronga zvimwe nenyonganyonga.

Natal Naryshkin akazeza. Sophia Alekseevna pachake kumanikidzwa wake uye vakatanga kutsanangura kuti chete nzira yokudzivisa mberi kusateerera mutemo. Ivan wakabudiswa. Iye akatambudzwa uye ipapo vaurayiwa. Baba Ivan uye Natalia - old uye kurwara Cyril Naryshkin - akatumwa wemamongi.

Kubhadhara muhoro musketeers

Mhirizhonga muMoscow rwakatora mazuva matatu. Mumwe wokupedzisira guru kutya vawirwa akava makuriro Ganden - chiremba wokumwe, vanokwezvwa Fedor Alekseevich. Sagittarians kunge vamupomera nomuchetura mambo uye akaurayiwa. The kuuraya kwakaitika pasinei kuteterera wechirikadzi mushakabvu varege kubata chiremba. Tsarina Marfa akaratidza kuti mutorwa pachake vakaedza zvose mishonga pauri Fedor. Muenzaniso uyu unoratidza kuti utsinye uye bofu rakanga strelets kupanduka. Sophia panguva iyoyo akaita zvose kuti tiwane midzi simba.

Zvisinei, vapanduki uye hurumende vasati vatanga kukurukura remangwana enyika munyika, vapanduki May 19 akauya mambo zvishoma kokupedzisira. Vapfuri kunge aida kuripwa vose kunonoka mari. Maererano Masvomhu dzavo, chezvipo aifanira kubhadhara 240 zviuru rubles. Mumazuva iwayo kwaiva huru chitsama. Hurumende mari chete rakanga asipo. Zvadaro, anotanga akatora Sophia, riri pamutemo achiri asina chero simba, akarayira kuti kuwedzera mutero uye yesosaiti mudunhu uye kutanga zvakanyunguduka Kremlin tsika.

muchinda maviri

Akazozvionera ezvinhu matsva, izvo zvakazoita strelets kupandukira. Muchidimbu kuongorora mamiriro ezvinhu, Sophia ndikasarudza nouta zvinoda vega chaidzo simba. Zvaiita sezvinotevera. On May 23, vapanduki havana nyaya chikumbiro muzita Peter, izvo akaramba kuti mambo wechipiri waiva mukoma wake Ivan. Papera vhiki, mubatanidzwa uyu akaramba. Sagittarians vari aidawo kuita Sophia Alekseevnu regent nokuda pauduku co-vatongi.

Boyar Duma uye Metropolitan akabvuma kuchinja izvi. Kusarudza havana kuva, sezvo vagari Kremlin akaramba kuitwa mubatwa nemasoja. Wedding mhemberero Ivan V uye Peter I musi June 25 panguva kubvuma Cathedral. Iye akapfupikisa migumisiro bope musketeers - simba akatsiviwa munyika. Asi, chete Russian Prince Peter aiva maviri co-vatongi-vana. The simba chaiko aiva mumaoko avo mukoma Sophia Alekseevna.

Khovanshchina

Events pashure bope musketeers 1682 kwenguva yakati kudedera Moscow. Apo Sophia akauya simba, hazvina akagadza musoro uto inotungamirwa Ivana Hovanskogo. Mambokadzi aiverenga pamusoro rubatsiro rwake Anyarara uta. Mambokadzi vaityira dambudziko rake. Haana kuva nedambudziko kupandukira.

Zvisinei Khovanskii mufananidzo haana yakanakisisa sarudzo kuti chinokosha nzvimbo iyi. Prince kwete chete muduku musketeers zviri zvinodiwa zvavo, asi iye akanga ari kumanikidza Sofia. Uyezve, mauto kumbobva Kremlin, achitsanangura ake chiito vanofanira kudzivirira youmambo dzokugara. Izvi pfupi iri dzakakurumbira anoyeukwa se "Khovanshchina".

Old Vatendi mafaro

Zvichakadai, pane chinhu chitsva zvinopesana musketeers uye nechepakati hurumende. Vanova Vatendi. Izvi sangano rechitendero akatsemura kubva neChechi yeOrthodox yokuRussia paitonga Alexei Mikhailovich. The kunetsana kwakakonzerwa ne zvinhu zviri Patriarch Nikon, kukanganisa musimboti zvinokosha mitambo dzechiKristu. Church vakaziva schismatics uye vatsauki vakavadzinga kumudzivo munyika kuSiberia.

Zvino kuti bope kwakaitika muMoscow, Old Vatendi akatamira zvakare kune guru. Ivo ruyamuro rwevaparidzi Khovanskii. Mune Kremlin, akatanga kudzivirira pfungwa kudiwa youMwari nharo pakati vatsigiri Old Vatendi nekereke pamutemo. Akadaro paruzhinji gakava chaizvo zvakaitika. Zvisinei, chiitiko ichi yakaguma dzose nemhirizhonga. Zvino kunobva mhirizhonga vakava vanhuwo.

Panguva iyoyo paiva nomumwe kunetsana pakati Sofya uye Khovanskii. Mambokadzi vakasimbirira nezvokudiwa yokungoita muna Old Vatendi. Pakupedzisira, vamwe vatungamiriri vavo vakaurayiwa, kunyange Khovanskiy vimbiso kwavari kutapata. Achityira zvaisarudza nezviremera, uta vakatenderana vanoziva schismatic vaikurudzira inotevera nokupandukira.

Kufambira chivanze

Pashure pechiitiko pamwe Old Vatendi ukama Sofia uye Ivan Alekseevnoj Khovanskii pakupedzisira kunetse. Panguva iyoyowo vakuru mberi vachingotya nedoro kwavapfuri vouta. Zvadaro regent akaunganidza chivanze rose uye chaizvoizvo vakamhanya naye kunze kweguta. Zvino musi August 19.

Pazuva iroro, iri kumucheto Moscow vakaronga nomudungwe. Sofia akashandisa chokumupomera ichi kuti mubve vouta mudunhu. Sezvo akawana uye tsarevitches. Mutongi aigona sheedzera paunhu nevarwi, iro raizova hondo itsva anokwanisa kudzivirira simba vouta dzisiri zvachose. Yard muchivande akatamira kune rakavakirwa Holy Trinity wemamonk.

Sagittarians nedziri pasi maoko

Aigona maererano rinoshamisa iri simba kuuya itsva strelets pakupanduka? Zvinokonzera uye migumisiro yokutanga ropa kuyeuka zvakanaka Sofia, akasarudza kubvisa pangozi ichi. Aitenda kuti yakadaro mukana akamborarama, uye aida kumumisa kufambira mberi.

Khovanskiy kudzidza pamusoro chaiko kutiza regent machinda ndakafunga vanoenda Sophia kuti kuburikidza Nhaurirano kugadzirisa kusawirirana. On munzira akarega muna Pushkin, kwaakanga akabatwa nezviremera vakavimbika vashandi. On chete usiku, 17 September, akaurayiwa ari mhosva kuronga kubvuta masimba. Khovanshchina yakapera.

ropa Second chakaitika. Sagittarians kudzidza pamusoro runonyadzisa rufu mutungamiri wavo, vakanga mwoyo. Vakaidza uye vaibvisa Kremlin. Panzvimbo Chief Strelets mauto akanga akagadzwa mabharani remakurukota Fedor Shaklovity. Akatanga recreating muzvikamu izvi kurangwa uye kurongeka. Pashure pemakore 16 ravanofura nouta vakamukira zvakare, kare munguva yaitonga Peter I, pashure yavakanga vaidzvinyirirwa zvachose, uye nehondo dzavo emauto akadzingwa mabasa.