Senitrogen matadza uremu

Nitrogen chokuita rechi15 boka (akwegura kupatsanura - kune huru subgroup wechishanu boka) the 2nd nguva nenguva mabhomba 7 nhamba iri Periodic System pakati Elements, uye kunoratidzwa nemashoko senitrogen N. matadza gobvu ndiro makirogiramu 14 / mol.

Nitrogen somunhu nyore fuma iri pasi chakaipa mamiriro dihydric inert gasi kwete asina ruvara, hapana kuravira, hapana kunhuwidza. gasi ichi ine pamwe mhepo Wepasi. The samolecular kurema senitrogen akaenzana 28. Mashoko okuti "senitrogen" muchiGiriki rinoreva "upenyu".

Zvakasikwa, gasi mamorekuru akaumbwa kugadzikana isotopes, apo matadza guru pamusoro senitrogen riri 14kg / mol (99.635%) uye 15 makirogiramu / mol (0.365%). Kunze pasi muchadenga inowanikwa mune Zvinoumba gaseous nebulae, mune zuva mhepo, yomuchadenga nzvimbo pamusoro mapuraneti Neptune, Uranus, uye zvichingodaro. Ndiyo wechina zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri kupararira achitevera dzidziso dzekuvamba akadai sehydrogen, nehelium, okisijeni. Artificially yakabereka radioactive isotopes, apo matadza guru pamusoro senitrogen - kubva 10 makirogiramu / mol uye kukwira 13kg / mol, uye kubva 16 makirogiramu / mol kusvika 25 makirogiramu / mol. Vose ndezvaJehovha pfupi-akararama zvinhu. The kupfuura mudanga pamusoro isotopes iyo matadza guru pamusoro senitrogen riri 13kg / mol, ane yemaminitsi gumi hafu-upenyu.

The zvipenyu kunoita gasi izvi yakakura, nokuti mumwe zvinokosha kubva izvo nucleic acids anowedzerwa, mapuroteni, nucleoproteins, chlorophyll, Chizenga, uye zvimwe zvinokosha zvinhu. Vose isotope kugadzikana kuti senitrogen, uye matadza gobvu ndiro 14kg / mol uye 15 makirogiramu / nhuta munyaya senitrogen muviri. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, pakaitwa wakaiswa senitrogen ane zvipenyu, "vakafa" Organic uye particulate nyaya nyanza uye makungwa. Uyezve, somugumisiro manyowa uye putrefaction dzinotsanagura makemikari senitrogen tubhokisi, senitrogen tubhokisi Organic deposits vari kuumbwa akadai, semuenzaniso, nitrate.

Nitrogen kubva mumhepo vanokwanisa kusunga uye kuzvitengesa digestible chimiro Somuenzaniso, Ammonium yeimwe, vanenge 160 emaruva zvigare, kunyanya wakaumbwa imwe symbiotic ukama dzakakwirira zvinomera, achivapa senitrogen fetiraiza, uye zvakare pamwe zvokudya cheni asvika herbivores uye carnivores.

Under Murabhoritari mamiriro, senitrogen inotengwa nevanhu zvokuverengera Ammonium nitrite manyowa. Zvinoguma musanganiswa gasi pamwe amoniya, okisijeni uye senitrogen oxide (I). yokunatswa Its zvinoberekwa kupfuura kunoguma musanganiswa kuburikidza rokutanga sulfuric iine acid mhinduro, ipapo simbi sulfate (II), uye ipapo pamusoro inopisa mhangura. Imwe nzira kuwana nayo murabhoritari chinosanganisira kupfuura pamusoro mhangura oxide (II) amoniya, pane imwe tembiricha anenge 700 Celsius.

In maindasitiri chikero senitrogen yaunganidzwa kupfuura mhepo pamusoro inopisa chemubhotoro, asi hapana yakaisvonaka chigadzirwa kuumbwa, uye zvakare musanganiswa, asi aine magasi uye carbon dioxide, Yaunoti "mhepo" kana "rokuzvivandudza rakaita kuti irambe" gasi. Ndiwo mbishi zvinhu makemikari usage uye mafuta. Uyewo, kubva "jenareta" senitrogen gasi anogona akadzorera, nokuti Absorção de Água ichi chiri kuitwa carbon monoxide. nzira yechipiri kubereka senitrogen ari indasitiri - fractional DISTILLATION emura mhepo.

Panewo mitoo yakadai gasi kuparadzana Kamudzira uye adsorption. Womuchato mabhomba senitrogen, zviri zvikuru kushingaira pane samolecular, vaikwanisa Somuenzaniso, kuti sei pasi kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu pamwe phosphorus, sarufa, Arsenic, simbi. Nitrogen yeimwe zvinonzi nevakawanda kushandiswa indasitiri kuita fetiraiza, zvinoputika, mishonga, madhayi uye zvichingodaro. Munguva petrochemical indasitiri zvinonzi zvasukwa mitsetse, tarisa basa ravo zvaoma. Ari kuchera zvakaoma nokubatsirwa wayo kusika mukati yangu kuputika-chiratidzo kwezvakatipoteredza, anobuda pavo zvizununguke idzodzo. In Electronics ivo nokupfutidza edunhu, umo zvazvinoreva kuchangotanga oxidation kubudikidza okisijeni huri mumhepo.