"Russian Arctic" National Park (Arkhangelsk nharaunda)

Russian North - nharaunda dzisingambosvikiki uye zvishoma kudzidza. Zvisinei, haana hachimboregi akwezve mbiri yayo. Kudzivirirwa nyika yakarwiwa panzvimbo inonzi Karelia, Obonezhie, Vologda vanoda kudzivirirwa uye kutarisirwa. National Park "Russian Arctic" zvichiitirwa achengetedze dzinongoitika netsika fuma chete zvikamu Russian North.

Nhaka "Russian Arctic"

Kuti vazive zvingakwanisa Russia muna Arctic, kuchengetedza chaiwo zvakaita North uye kutsvakurudza muna 1999, vevatariri of Arkhangelsk musangano romunharaunda kwakasarudzwa kuronga "Russian Arctic" National Park. Vakaronga kubatana rokudzora enyika musi Victoria Island muGungwa Barents, musi Frantsa Iosifa Land uye Novaya Zemlya kuchamhembe. Makore 10 gare gare, V. V. Putin akarayira pakagadzwa "Russian Arctic" National Park. Mundima paki inosanganisira kuchengetedzwa zvitsuwa zvizhinji, zvinenge. Gemskerk pamusoro. Loshkin pamusoro. North, Orange Island. The zvachose nzvimbo "Russian Arctic" - kumativi mamiriyoni 1,5 hectares: ruzhinji cover mvura (anenge 790 hectares).

Reserve "Franz Josef Land"

Chimwe chezvinhu kuchamhembe nzvimbo nyika ndiyo Franz Josef Land, boka rezvitsuwa chokwadi yakabatana "Russian Arctic". Inochengetedzwa nyika rezvitsuwa zviri kubva 1994, apo zvakatanga State Nature Reserve "Franz Josef Land". Nature kuchengeterwa, kudzivirira iyo "Russian Arctic", kuumbwa kuti achengetedze pristine hunhu, agadzirise zvinetso zvemhoteredzo, upfumi kubereka. An chinokosha basa iri kudzivirira vemo fauna of kubva kwevanhu simba.

On nyika rezvitsuwa inogarwa polar mabheya, inova iri ndima yakanaka yokuti kupfungwa mwana akasikwa zvisikwa. walrus rookeries kugara nouchapupu nzvimbo chengetedza. Pazvitsuwa uye Appolonova Stolichka kuona zvisingawanzoitiki Atlantic walrus rookery. Pane shiri mapoka akawanda.

The akasiyana microclimate

"Russian Arctic" (National Park iri Arkhangelsk nharaunda), ane basa rakasiyana nemamwe microclimate. Park nzvimbo yepakutanga. Zvinonzi kusukwa maviri Arctic mumakungwa; asi Barents uye Kara. In ichi rwezasi-dzokumadokero weGungwa Barents anogara akasununguka chando, muGungwa Kara, kusiyana, asingagari -oma chete muzhizha pedyo miromo nzizi. Akadaro rutivi hunhu pave rakasiyana microclimate mupaki, umo siyana zvakadai fauna of, izvo hakuwaniki chipi kweArctic ndima.

fauna of

"Russian Arctic" - a national park, zvachose vagari apo zvikuru diki. Pane 11 chete mhando dzemhuka asi vose akasiyana. Vazhinji vavo inowanikwa Red muBhuku Russia: yeAtlantic walrus uye poro novozemelny, bowhead shato huru uye Bheya rakamira pachando, narwhal uye Minke Minke. The paka inoita basa rinokosha kudzivirira Kara-Barents Bheya rakamira pachando vemo. The paka munyika dzine achinaya mvura vagere makava (pakaoma zvikomo) uye lemmings (pedo nemvura).

"Russian Arctic" - chinokosha dzinogarisana nzvimbo bowhead shato huru, Spitsbergen vagari vemo. Nechekwokutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, ichi mhuka chisingawanzowaniki rave inodzingwa kutsakatika. Zvino vanacho kuwedzera. The yegungwa vakadaro zvomumvura mhuka somunhu Bearded, mbira chisimbiso, kuti iwo chisimbiso, Atlantic walrus, chisimbiso, narwhal.

The avifauna

The avifauna pamusoro paki iri kupfuura iri Russian North. Conditions mundima akanakira zvechigarire pamwaka dzinogarisana uye nesting. Pane zvokudya zvakakwana, kunyanya panguva inodziya nguva, yakawanda nenzvimbo akaronga matendere, hapana kushanda hapana nezvikara. Rock Ptarmigan vari pasi uye chando zizi. On matombo pamahombekombe pachitsuwa nesting guillemots, polar guillemots, auks vaduku, Kittiwake Common chena yegungwa, meya nedzimwe mhando dzeshiri. With zvose zvakasiyana-siyana avifauna vamiririri vanhu akasiyana kashoma agadzirise pamwe chete. Little auks vagere kumahombekombe nzvimbo uye regai kuvasiya kunyange kabhini. Guillemots nekusiyana, pamahombekombe chete dendere, uye vose vasara nguva yaunopedza mugungwa, sezvo gulls, kittiwakes. Zvikara mayors uye skuas agadzirise pedo huru seabird nesting achiishumira zvokudya.

National Park "Russian Arctic" (Arkhangelsk) rikwezve shiri dzinotama. Vachibva dzekuchamhembe muchirimo mangwanani, panguva kuberekesana mwaka. passerines All, kunze chando buntings vari dzinotama. Nyanga Lark, Lapland bunting, chitofu, pombi kudhanzi mudendere akaoma uswa uye pasi polar nemikonachando. Mhuri duck , zvakare, rinomiririrwa mu "Russian Arctic", pane 12 marudzi. Pamwe chete nemamwe Freshwater shiri ivo dendere uye chikafu pamusoro peArctic madhamu uye nenzizi. Muna September muzadze kako nyuchi dzinotama kuti anodziya nzvimbo.

Cultural uye nhoroondo nhaka

National Park "Russian Arctic" - nzvimbo ine nhoroondo netsika nhaka inokosha. Pano kutaura zvinhu zvine chokuita kuwanikwa nhoroondo kweArctic. Zvinozivikanwa kuti muna 11-12 emakore ari mundima paki chaiitirwa Fisheries, ndakaenda vachivhima walrus nokuda tusks dzavo, polar makava nokuda kwavo chaizvo mbava, shiri neminhenga isingawanzowanikwi. Wokutanga aidzidzisa European uyo asvika New Earth, aiva wokuEngland Hyu Uillobi. chikepe chake muna 1553, akaenda kunotsvaka kuchamhembe ndima kubva Europe kusvikira China. Kusvika Novaya Zemlya kumaodzanyemba uye kuita vanorega pamuromo rwizi Varzina, yose vashandi akaurayiwa mumamiriro tsarukano, zvichida carbon monoxide. Famous Dutch aidzidzisa Willem Barents mukupera kwezana remakore rechi16 kusvika New Earth. Iye akananga pedo kuchamhembe kwemhenderekedzo Novaya Zemlya, chando pachitsuwa pamwechete rakarira. On kudzoka nzira aiongorora chirwere chisingarapiki chakakuvara. The vashandi vakadzokera kumba zvinokosha nesayenzi zvaanorumbidza.

The aidzidzisa wekutanga Russian, akaenda New Earth, aiva Fedor Rozmyslov. Akapedza rinenge gore iri rwendo, panguva iyo vakatora manotsi, richitsanangura nzvimbo uye mamiriro ayo, yaiitisa Meteorological zvaanorumbidza uye kuongorora mabasa. vashandi vake kusvika muromo Matochkina Bowl uye rakamanikidzwa kudzokera Arkhangelsk. Pakutanga kwezana rechi19 uye rechi20 emakore Novaya Zemlya rezvitsuwa akatanga kushanyira kakawanda, kunyanya vaongorori Russian. Muna 1909, Vladimir Rusanov, Russian aidzidzisa, zvinokosha tsananguro cartographic rokutanga New Earth. Munguva Soviet, pamusoro munharaunda paki rikaparadzirwa kunze zvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana.

Pari, eco ushanyi ari kukura pano. Munhu anogona kushanyira "Russian Arctic" National Park. Photos uye mavhidhiyo zvinogona kuitwa pamwe sevatsvaki vemapuranga mapuranga zvinobva Murmansk, uye panguva dzakawanda berths kumiganhu zvitsuwa.