Public Movement pasi Alexander 1. Principal mabasa

The kukunda Napoleon vakauya kuna Europe refu-akamirirwa rugare, asi haana kugadzirisa zvinetso zvemukati yeRussian Empire. The yepashure pehondo kwakanga ushe Alexander 1, dzinoratidzwa itsva kutungamirirwa ehurumende basa - social kufamba. Kokutanga ari Russian vehurumende matanho vawana kwakarongerwa fomu. Public Movement pasi Alexander 1 mabasa ayo kuiswa nheyo sunungukei pfungwa.

Liberalism munyika

Pfungwa European liberalism rwakapararira Russia munguva Catherine II, uyo hwaienzanirana achishingaira chete ideologists akadaro mirayiridzo iyi, sezvo Voltaire, Rousseau, Diderot, uye vamwe. Zvisinei, pashure Empress vakaramba dzidziso idzi, zvakarurama achitya kuti vaizova kukuvadza poumambo kuRussia.

Second Wind sangano liberals muRussia vakagamuchira muna 1812. Masoja uye vakuru vave vari Europe, akadzokera kumba wepachokwadi anokumhan'arira kuti serfdom uye autocratic utongi. Mhedziso kuzvidza nezviremera kudiwa zvokuchinja nyika akaita kunoramba nomwenje Kusagutsikana vemo. Zviri mumamiriro ezvinhu aya akaberekwa uye akatanga mabasa ayo pasocial sangano pasi Alexander 1.

pfupiso

Yokutanga masangano asiri ehurumende muRussia vaiva Masonic vadzimu. Pfungwa chidzoke ari Masonic kufamba yasvika kubva kuEurope. Pakazosvika gore rechi20 zviri XIX remakore. nhengo Masonic vadzimu vanenge 3 zviuru. Navakuru, vatengesi uye pakati-kirasi. Freemasonry akapa vanhu chiitiko zvakakodzera kuti sangano uye mabasa epachivande. Kumboda pasocial sangano pasi Alexander 1 kuziva izvozvo epachivande: ruponeso Union, ari Southern Society, Union United Slavs nevamwe.

ruponeso Union

Ichi ndicho chikuru boka rokutanga. Its muvambi aiva AN Masvosve - Colonel General Staff, gamba Hondo Yenyika II.

Chinangwa chikuru chemusha Union of Salvation aiva kuchaitwa serfdom uye Kurambidzwa pakati kodzero umambo. Paiva kunoda rangano uye regicide, asi havana kupararira pakati ruzhinji nhengo chokubatana.

Pashure kwakasarudzwa kukwezva rutsigiro rwevanhu, kuti Union Rescue yatumbuka, uye pamusoro wayo maererano pakanga kubudirira Union. chirongwa Society Secret akanga pachake bumbiro rayo, iro rainzi "Green Book". Hwaro kambani akaumba pfungwa akafanana neepakutanga - sapakuparadzwa of autocracy uye kuparadzwa serfdom. Asi nenguva iyo pamwe nhengo dzakabvumirana kuti ndiitewo kuchinja wenyika, pamwe chete hurumende akaisa zvikuru pfungwa dzidzo uye kurovedza. Kana hurumende akaramba kuchinja mamiriro, voruzhinji kufambira Alexander 1 yave pangozi. Kumadzimai the muchiuto muna Western Europe chakaita pfungwa kuti varonge zvemauto akabvuta chigaro muRussia uye kumanikidza hurumende kuti zvichemo.

Saka, mushure Union of Welfare rakanga ramiswa itsva nzanga, izvo akataura North uye South.

Northern vanhu

Society rava pakati North Petersburg. Union nhengo dzaiva EP Obolensky, S. P. Trubetskoy, N. M. Muravev, uye vamwe. Maererano chirongwa anotaurwa N. M. Muravevym kwaro "Constitution", Russia aifanira kusiya autocracy uye uve yepamutemo umambo. Iye vakaisa pfungwa yeUnited weboka Russia iri 15 "simba." Kupinza rworudyi mambo. It akagovera pachake norusununguko vanhuwo zvavo uye akazivisa kodzero dzevanhu wese Russia. pfungwa idzi kupa pfungwa chii kutsvaka voruzhinji kufambira Alexander 1.

Southern vanhu

Izvi yakabatana mapurisa ehurumende dzidzo akashumira munharaunda Ukraine. Musoro Southern Society - gamba hondo Borodino, Colonel P. I. Pestel.

Vachitungamirirwa wake chinyorwa cheBumbiro reMitemo yeRussian rinonzi "Russian Chokwadi" akasikwa, asi pamwe okunyanyisa kupfuura Muravyova zvichemo. Nokudaro, Russian Empire akanga yava Republican nyika, kwete umambo. Manage mamiriro akanga Supreme Council uye vanhu Chamber. Varimi zvinopa kwete chete rusununguko, asi kunyika kwokurangana.

Saka, kukanzura serfdom uye achinje rehurumende ndiyo hwaro kuti sangano inozivikanwa voruzhinji pasi Alexander 1. Zviri pokuenzanisira pfupi chinangwa masangano paruzhinji, rinotaurwa pazasi.

Nhengo epachivande achishingaira aitaura chaiye nzira kubudirira pazvinangwa zvavo. Zvakaguma Mutongo State Military mharidzo.

Pasinei pakavanda, hurumende haana pfungwa pamusoro kutyisidzira kuti vakatakura pasocial sangano pasi Alexander 1. 1822, kwakasarudzwa kuti kurambidza zvose Masonic vadzimu uye epachivande. Mazuva mashoma asati afa, mambo akarayira asungwa vechikamu kupandukira. The chaisatarisirwa pokufa Emperor akasunda vanhu vamukire muna 1825.