Ko nhoroondo pakusikwa Internet yakapera?

Kare sixties remakore rechimakumi maviri ari Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) ndiye wokutanga rezvebonde yakavhurwa pasi Bazi Kutsigira United States, yaiva kumumvuri zvose zviri anozivikanwa munyika yose Internet. Pomumbure, anozivikanwa somunhu ARPAnet, akanga experimental, uye akasikwa kutsigira ongororo muchiuto bhora. Inokosha pamusoro ARPAnet kwainzi mukana chero kombiyuta chero nguva kutaura chete chero kombiyuta paIndaneti. Saka vakatanga nhoroondo Indaneti.

Atova December 1969 ari pomumbure zvave kubatanidzwa mana raiva pedyo nebundu kushandiswa wokushandura umboo omumasherufu kuti dzakati NCP (Network Control Protocol). Makore gumi gare gare, basa rakatanga pamusoro kusikwa vanoshingaira uye ikozvino TCP / IP dzakati, apo experimental rezvebonde ARPAnet muna 1975, vakazivisa kare kushanda.
Saka, nhoroondo Internet yakatanga ARPAnet, chinangwa chakanga pakutanga mukana vatori vose vemauto kukura kwete chete kukurukura pamusoro kombiyuta network, asiwo kushandisa pamwe zvose zvinhu zvinowanikwa panguva iyoyo imwe makombiyuta shoma simba dziri mumaguta akasiyana munyika.

Zvidzidzo kuzova Izvi Akakwezva mapoka akawanda yokutsvakurudza uye Vatsvakurudzi nomumwe, iyo DARPA yaiitisa ekufambisa misangano yakawanda. Nhoroondo Indaneti, uye anoti ari Kufambisa uye kukura Indaneti dzakati kuzvidzora akatopa akamisa chaizvo boka kuti configuration uye kurapa Internet, urwo rwakatora kusvikira nokubatanidzwazve yaro boka basa Internet muna 1983. Kudikanwa kusika boka iri Kwaibva ndechokuti TCP / IP chirongwa yaisanganisira zvakawanda kutsvakurudza kare.

TCP / IP protocols muna 1983 akatorwa kare sezvo zvechiuto mitemo muUnited States. Pashure danho iri rinokosha, chakabata basa, izvo akatanga kuumba nyaya Internet munyika, pamakombiyuta zvose muna ARPAnet, akadana wehondo, akatanga kuti aifanira kushanda protocols izvi chete. Panguva ino akatanga kushandiswa uye Indaneti izwi rinoreva sei govera imwevo MILNET Network inomirira Unclassified chikamu DDN (Defence Network date kuchinjirwa), uye idzva, akaderedza zvakawanda kukura ARPAnet. Saka nhoroondo kuwedzera Internet hwakada chokuita chakava zvikabva yazvino Internet Network ARPAnet.

Muna 1985, nhoroondo yacho Internet munyika yave kwakawedzera itsva musi ARPAnret hwaro wakasikwa idzva network, chakazonzi National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET), kana pomumbure of National Science Foundation, izvo zvakanga zvakabatana ne matanhatu makuru tsvakurudzo uye kukura nzvimbo dziri munzvimbo mativi akasiyana America uye vakagadzirira pamwe supercomputers. The itsva network, rinonzi Internet TCP / IP kana paIndaneti, akasikwa kuti kuronga vatsvakurudzi kumayunivhesiti akasiyana-siyana America kuwana kadambari supercomputing pfuma, networked ose injiniya uye musayendisiti munyika vaizokwanisa dzaiitirwa kune rimwe network, uye kare muna 1985 nhamba nemasangano paIndaneti kwakawedzera zvinoshamisa.

masangano akawanda, kusanganisira dzidzo uye vezvokutengeserana, vakaona mikana rakakura kuti mashoko kugovana, izvo hwakazara mutsva rwokugadzira. A vazhinji makombiyuta chokuita nemambure kuzara akaita network uye kuzvidzora makombiyuta, uye pasina nguva akatanga kuronga nomumbure kushandisa nokukurumidza norunhare.

Vazhinji echimurenga kuchinja urongwa Internet kwakaitika May 1993, apo, panzvimbo makirisito samambure vakava operative vanonzi "kupinda pfungwa" kana NAP, izvo zvinogona dyidzana uye duku private mabhizimisi Support Network. Saka NSFNET network, iyo yave ichitsigira, akavharwa, ne NAP mapurani kutanga, chaizvoizvo, kuti Internet.

Zvisinei, maruva Indaneti Network wechokwadi rakaenderana veMubatanidzwa Web - World Wide Web kana WWW, tichifunga zvigadzirwa zvitsva kuti anoshandisa hypertext magwaro, vachibvumira vanoshandisa kuwana chero ruzivo takaisa padandemutande. Teperb michina WWW Nde basa Indaneti, kusiyana yakare basa mapindiro kure supercomputers Telnet.

Pari nhoroondo Indaneti kure pamusoro. Kuvandudzwa pose zvakarukwa dzose uye kunotozongoita. Pane vakawanda vanoshandisa uye zvavanoda, iyo inosvitsa kukura web, matambudziko matsva, avo zvinogadzirisa, uye zvakare kuvandudza unyanzvi. Zvino, sezvinoratidzwa nhoroondo chidzoke Indaneti, asi Network havasi chete nenyanzvi, asiwo vadzidzi vazhinji, vana chikoro uye vamwe vanhu munyika yose vanoda kufambirana nguva.