Philosophy chitendero kubva kare yazvino

Chitendero - chinhu chinokosha pamusoro upenyu nzanga pakunamata. Zvichida vose vanoziva kuti chitendero, tsanangudzo inogona kuumbwa sezvinotevera: kudavira muna Mwari kana chomweya masimba, simba Providence. Man kurarama pasina chitendero Chokwadi, munyika 4-5 muzana hakuna Musiki. Zvisinei, chitendero nemaonero zvinowanisa mutendi munhu netsika dzakakwirira, sei chitendero chinhu chinoita mukuderedza mhosva evanhu vemazuva ano. Uyewo, nharaunda vechitendero vari kushingaira kusimudzira mararamiro utano, kutsigira kupfungwa mhuri, mhosva kuipa maitiro, izvi zvose kunoitawo kuti kwerunyararo kurongeka munzanga.

Zvisinei, pasinei nokuti sokuti nyore mubvunzo yechitendero, zvakanakisisa pfungwa yesayenzi kwemazana emakore vakaedza kunzwisisa Chiitiko pakati ineradicable kudavira vevanhu simba, izvo simba zvikuru kutipfuura, Chokwadi, kuti hapana kana mumwe chete munhu haana kukwanisa kuona. Saka yakabuda mumwe munzvimbo uzivi rinonzi uzivi hwechitendero. Rinotaura nyaya dzakadai kudzidza Chiitiko yechitendero, chitendero nyika, mukana nokuziva naMwari zvazviri, uyewo kuedza kuratidza kana kusaratidza kuvapo kwaMwari.

Philosophy chitendero kwave kudzidza nevanhu vakadai vakakurumbira masayendisiti sezvo Kant, Hegel, Descartes, Aristotle, Foma Akvinsky, Feuerbach, Huxley, Nietzsche, Dewey, uye vamwe vakawanda. Philosophy chitendero rakatangira muGirisi yekare munguva yaitonga vaGiriki, chikuru mubvunzo kwayo kwakanga sei ndeyokubvisa matambudziko aripo uye kuva mumwe chete Divine. Panguva iyi, Zvisinei, hwava epistemological maonero, ruzivo akanga adudzira kwete somunhu chinangwa kudzidza yakapoteredza zvinhu nyika, asi somunhu muitiro zvakazarurwa naMwari. Zvishoma nezvishoma, zvose echiGiriki zvikoro ouzivi -platonovskaya, skinicheskaya, Aristotle, sketitsicheskaya nevamwe vazhinji - vari kutanga kupinda pfungwa iyi, izvi zvakaenderera mberi kusvikira kuderera wetsika dzechiGiriki kumwedzi.

In yeMiddle Ages, kana sectors vose vanhu zvachose dzinodzorwa nekereke, chitendero inova chete nzira ruzivo wokuva mutemo chete - Magwaro. Rimwe zvakasimba nemiitiro nezvouzivi zvechitendero panguva iyoyo yaiva patristics (kudzidzwa "vanaBaba veChechi") uye scholasticism, achidzivirira nheyo chiKristu uye kupfungwa kereke.

Sezvo yakazvimirira kuranga wouzivi chitendero akaberekwa nguva Renaissance, kana vazivi zvinombokunetsa dzidziso dzechechi dzakawanda uye akadzivirira kodzero funga pachako dzechitendero nyaya. Vazivi chakajeka nguva - Spinoza (kubatana zvakasikwa uye Mwari), Kant (Mwari - asina uchapupu dzinoshanda chikonzero, zvinodiwa dzechitendero yaifanira chete nokuti vanhu inoda vanhu vane tsika dzakanaka), uyo anoona inoitwa nevateveri vayo: Schleiermacher uye Hegel. Uzivi kuchitendero Bourgeois kubudirira inozivikanwa nokuwedzera kutsoropodzwa chitendero, chido kusatendera, izvo pangozi kuvapo uzivi chitendero sechinhu tsvakurudzo kurangwa.