Aesthetics - Ndiwo runako uye richibatsira uzivi

The chaizvo kusabatsira aesthetics vakauya kwatiri vachibva Girisi yekare. Kana vazivi vekare kokutanga akafunga pamusoro zvakasiyana Mapato uye tsanangudzo mabasa evanhu, vakapa zita hunenge rakaisvonaka uye dzakashata, uye omumwe ichi chinonakidza kunzwa. Gare gare vakatanga kutenda kuti aesthetics - ichi chinokosha dzidziso pamusoro chii runako. Zvinonzi zvakare kutaura pamusoro chii vanoumba zvingatora, kana iripo zvakasikwa kana chete nemabasa. Tinogona kutaura kuti dzidziso iyi sezvo kurangwa yakatanga panguva imwe chete uzivi uye mutezo wawo. The Pythagoreans, "kubatanidza nemasvomhu uye kuwirirana", zvikabatanidzwa pfungwa runako uye nhamba. Aesthetics - ukoshi ichi. Mharidzo zvenyika yekare ngano kusvikira categorization

Vazivi vekare vechiGiriki akasimbisa pfungwa Nezvekwakabva nyika kubva munyonganyonga, uye chido chake nokuda maererano. Nekuti aesthetics vanopinda muchikwata yacho ontology. Nokudaro, makro uye Microcosm, kureva, murume uye zvakasikwa aifanira kuva kufanana nomumwe Drogo, kusanganisira runako. The mungano yekare uyewo vakabvuma maonero ino. The vaSophist akaona kuti pfungwa aesthetic kazhinji novimba munhu wake maonero. Saka havana kuisa nhamba kukosha mune aesthetics pamusoro Mapato anoumba nheyo unhu. Socrates, nekusiyana, yakandibvunza kuti aesthetics - uyu yetsika pfungwa, uye unzenza kushata. pfungwa dzake dzakanga zvikurukuru yakataurwa Plato, iye akacherechedza kuti pfungwa yakanaka, tinowana "pamusoro sokunge kuedza kuyeuka." Vanobva munyika wavanamwari. Uye pakupedzisira, muna Aristotle tinowana wose dzidziso kuti runako zvinhu uye zvinoda kufungisisa kwouzivi Definition nesayenzi. Akatanga zano rokuti akadai "chikamu aesthetics", uye akauya nazvo mumba anotengeswa nesayenzi. Aristotle kusiyanisa zvinokosha aanoshandisa tinogona kutaura pfungwa basa: "kugonesesa", "kutobaya", "akaipa", "zvakaipa", "enyambo", "zvinosuruvarisa." Akaedzawo kumisa Links pakati Mapato aya uye avo kudyidzana.

Kugadzirwa aesthetic dzidziso muEurope kusvikira ano

Munguva yeMiddle Ages, kunyanya mangwanani, akatonga wechiKristu vanozviti ndivanachamangwiza kuti aesthetics kunobva Mwari, uye saka zvinofanira "yakanyorwa kuti" mupfungwa uye akaisa pariri. Foma Akvinsky yakatanga dzidziso runako uye richibatsira tichitarisa Aristotle. Inodzamisa sei aesthetic Mapato zvinoitirwa munhu waMwari, uye kuti vari akaratidza zvakasikwa akasikwa naye. Munguva Renaissance, ekupedzisira dzidziso rava mukurumbira chaizvo, nokuti kutsvaka maererano zvakasikwa achibatsirwa masvomhu uye ayo okuti achishandisa mifananidzo uye mashoko akava chikuru nzira uzivi worunako. Saka pavaiwana aesthetics kuti uri tsanangudzo shasha Leonardo da Vinci. Muzana remakore rechi19 yakanga hunodzorwa dzidziso matatu kuti vakarwa pakati pachavo nokuda ipapo akakurumbira pakati vakadzidza. Chokutanga, iri kudanana pfungwa, anoti aesthetics - chipo zvakasikwa nomunhu, uye iwe chete vanofanira kukwanisa kunzwa inzwi rake, kuti embody mubasa rake. Zvadaro - the Hegelian uzivi, anoti dzidziso rakaisvonaka - inzira kukura paMhedziso pfungwa, uye ine zvimwe mumatanho nhoroondo okukura, uyewo netsika. Pakupedzisira, Kant pfungwa kuti aesthetics ndiyo pfungwa dzedu zvakasikwa sezvo chinhu rine kwokugamuchirwa. Mufananidzo uyu uri misoro yedu, uye isu pachedu tiuye panyika. Kutaura zvazviri, aesthetics kubva "hwaJehoshafati rusununguko" uye kwete zvisikwa. Pakupera kwezana remakore rechi19 kunouya matambudziko tsika nzvimbo yakanaka yokuti, asi yatova nyaya ane zvakasiyana zvachose kukurukura.