Paralinguistics - zviri ... Chii kudzidza nesayenzi?

Nyaya ino achabvumira muverengi kuona zvinorehwa rokuti "paralinguistics" parse zvarinoreva zvakadzama muupenyu hwevanhu, kuongorora zvinhu uye mashandiro anoita nesayenzi ichi uye kuziva nhoroondo pfupi.

Chii paralinguistics?

Paralinguistics - sayenzi kuti vanodzidza nenzira hutachiwana nevanhu vasiri kutaura mashoko.

Chero kukurukurirana, munhu anoshandisa zvose nemashoko uye vasiri kutukana nzira achitumira mashoko interlocutor. Paralinguistics - ndiwo chakaparadzana chikamu sayenzi wemitauro. Chokwadi, mashoko yedzimudzangara nzira maringe paralinguistic, havasi chikamu zviumbu kutaura uye mutauro gadziriro. Zvisinei, nzira iyi kukurukura kunokosha chaizvo.

mari Paralinguistic akatanga kudzidzwa kwete kare, kureva, ari thirties remakore rechimakumi maviri. Nyaya yokudana wakatangwa muna 40s. Achishingaira sayenzi iyi vakatanga kugadzira mangwanani 60-ies remakore rechimakumi maviri.

Kutaura sayenzi nevamwe uye ukoshi

Chero zvazvingava zvinokosha kunzwisisa kuti sayenzi iri chikamu kunzwisisa nzira Kudzidza mutauro. Paralinguistics uye ekstralingvistika mukutaura kukurukura mamwe inokosha nzira kudzidza mutauro mari aiendeswa nokupfuuridzirwa mashoko. Zviya, paralinguistics, pamwe ethnolinguistics uye sociolinguistics, chikamu sainzi hombe, kureva, ekstralingvistiki.

Paralinguistics ekstralingvistika uye kudzidza mutauro zvinhu nechokuita zvakananga kushanda nomumwe evanhu ezvinhu, uye kupararira mashoko nenzira dzaanoshandisa. sainzi ichi unoripa wandei pfungwa ethno-mitauro uye mamwe nemamwe zvinoumba kutaura chokuita mutauri.

Pasinei chokwadi kuti Paralinguistics asina vaiona chikamu mutauro ezvinhu, mashoko ose zvakadai inzwi kunogona kunzi chete pachiimbwa paralinguistic nzira. Zvakadini zvinodiwa uye zvinoitwa nesayenzi ichi mhando? Chii kutsvaka masayendisiti? Kuti chokuita zvinoreva paralinguistics?

Types uye mashandiro anoita paralinguistic achishandisa mashoko hutachiwana

Paralinguistics - iri sainzi, iyo chinosiyanisa yake kudzidza mhando dzakawanda yokukurukurirana zvenhau.

Pakati pavo vane:

• Phonational zvinoreva - koda zvose chokuita mufananidzo matauriro akadai inzwi, asi aika ose emashoko, kutaura mutinhimira, bhuku nomukurukuri pasi, inobudisa ruzha nekunyatsotsanangura mumagariro kana mutauro mhando, uye sei kuti zadza anombomira mitsetse kana kutaura.
• Kinetic - izvi zvinosanganisira kunyanya muviri chinzvimbo mutauri ari muchadenga, ayo kufamba, mamiriro, iyo sezvarayirwa pamwe interlocutor, kushandisa dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri uye zvaunoita chiso chako pahurukuro.
• Group kwakajeka zvinoreva - pano anoreva kunyanya chiperengo, Runyoro dzakasiyana dzevanhu kutsivira kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro mashoko akajeka zviratidzo, earufabheti Sevamiririri.

Paralinguistics - ndiye nesayenzi kuti inodzidza kwete chete asiri kutukana nzira yokukurukurirana. Vanotsvakurudza kufungawo basa nechimwe chezvinonhuwira ari kukurukura.

• Dzimwe nguva nezvaunomuitira nzira dzinoshandiswa kutsiva okunze ari hunhu nomuromo kukurukura (somuenzaniso, kushandisa dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri kana vachiramba mvumo kungava).
• Panguva kurara kazhinji zvose zviri zviviri kutukana achishandisa isiri nomuromo hutachiwana kuti Kazhinji (somuenzaniso, kana munhu hurukuro pamusoro chinhu zvakananga, unogona kunongedzera chinhu ichi).
• Kuwedzera ruzivo zvitange kuita non-kutukana cues (mutauro muviri, vanhu kazhinji kushandiswa kuwedzera zvinoreva mashoko, kuti aratidze kukosha kwayo nyaya kurukurirano).

mhedziso

Nokupfupikisa, tinogona kutaura kuti paralinguistics - iri rinokosha kudzidza non-kutukana uye kutukana nzira mashoko yedzimudzangara, iyo inoshandisa kutaura munhu wese, zvisinei nezera, pabonde kana nyika.

sainzi ichi chinotarisa ethno-mitauro uye inoshanda zvinoumba mutauro, asi rinokanganisa idiolect (the raora wacho zviri kutaurirana). Kudzidza non-kutukana zvinoita kuti udzidze zvakawanda pamusoro munhu kuziva kwake rudzi, zera, nevakwegura, unhu hunhu uye yakawanda nezvimwe zvinokosha.