Nhetembo "Metamorphoses" (Ovid): kugutsikana ongororo

Nhasi tichataura pamusoro ichi hunoshamisa Monument yekare unyanzvi se "Metamorphosis". Ovid aigona muna mavhoriyamu gumi, kwete chete kuratidza yose mungano nguva yake, asiwo kuenzanisira kubudikidza prism kwoupenyu vanhu vakamupoteredza.

Verenga uye uchava kuzivana neminondo ane vanhu yekare, sezvinoita hama norudo. Uchadzidza kwete chii siyana vaGiriki uye vaRoma akagovana kunzwa ichi chete, asiwo namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara muenzaniso zviito vanamwari uye magamba panguva yake.

VaPubhirio Ovid Naso

Chimwe chezvinhu akakurumbira mabasa ake - "Metamorphoses" - Ovid dzakaguma kuutapwa. Mudetembi zvakajeka netsamba dzake anotaura pamusoro chikonzero kuwira kunyadziswa. Vaongorori vanodavira kuti nokuda nhetembo, izvo Hakupindirani maonero mambo.

Saka, ndiani muRoma ichi, uyo akakwanisa kubatidza rudo elegy guru hweRoma, mukurumbira uye kugumisa upenyu hwake nhapwa kubva Sarmatians uye Getae.

VaPubhirio Ovid Naso akaberekwa makomo nechepakati Italy. mhuri yake aiva mumwe Sabine amarudzi pelegnam. baba vake aiva akapfuma, vaiva "vatasvi", sezvo mudetembi inoti. Nokuda zvakakwana mukomana kubudirira kwemhuri akadzidza zvakanaka muzvikoro guru.

Mushure Ovid akaenda Greece, Asia Minor uye Sicily, akatanga noushamwari Horace uye Propertius, Virgil akaona. Akatanga kunyora nhetembo mangwanani zvakakwana. Wokutanga basa rakanga "Heroides", asi aipisira kuti "kuchenesa" kubva dzemakwiringwindi manyorerwo.

Of mabasa kupukunyuka vanozivikanwa kwatiri, "Rudo Elegies", sezvo okutanga. Nemhaka kwavari Ovid akazivikanwa muRoma. Next chigadzirwa rinonzi "Science Dzorudo". Kutaura zvazviri, izvi bhuku rokutanga munhoroondo zvino dzakakurumbira "pamotokari". It saka ngatitarise vanorumbidza varume okutanga sei kuti vazvibate uye kubudirira vakadzi, uye pashure nevasikana.

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti nokuda "Science Rudo" musi August nhapwa. Rakanga ipapo, pamahombekombe eGungwa Black, uye Ovid inoguma "Metamorphosis" yake yakakurumbira.

Pfungwa rudo kare

VaGiriki vekare, kufanana nemamwe marudzi vekare vaiva pedyo zvisikwa. Vakanga vachiedza kunzwisisa zviri nani pachavo uye kubudikidza prism manzwiro zivo munyika yakatipoteredza.
Aristotle anozivisa nemhando rudo matanhatu pachavo mazita avo. About pavo isu Iye zvino tichakurukura.

Yokutanga yaiva "ludus" - mutambo rudo. It kunoratidzwa kuva chido yakachena, afenda. Kuitirwa zvakafanana nezvekufadza, mumwe shamwari chaitwa kusvika waguta ake zvoudyire zvido vasiri. Pfungwa mumwe munhu uye manzwiro akanga asingafariri. Izvi mhando rudo kunowanzoitika, asi pashure dutu aserera kuchiva, uyo akaona "ludus" nomwoyo wose, vachasara chinhu.

kuratidzwa zvose izvi manzwiro uye inoratidza Ovid. "Metamorphosis", pfupiso iyo ichapiwa pashure, kuchaita kuti vanoshamba kupinda mupfungwa bhora zvenyika yekare.

Next ndiye "eros" - nyama ukama. Munyika yanhasi, ukama yakadaro dzinonzi rudo. Fungidzira uri kukurukura nomumwe anotora iwe zvachose zvihwitsi buketny nguva.

"Kukara" - kupengeswa pamwe nenyaya chido. Constant marwadzo, pomero uye godo pamusoro chikamu mumwe vakaroorana. Izvi ipfungwa rwakatsauka pfungwa apo panguva mupfungwa pamwero pane mubatanidzwa manzwiro rudo uye kurwadziwa.

Next maonero - "pragma". Zviri saka pfungwa pragmatism. Muzviitiko izvi manzwiro uye manzwiro taramuka kupinda necheseri. Wokutanga nemumwe kuziva hunoshanda rutivi upenyu yemberi pamwe chete. Zvakanaka kugadzirira mukadzi kana murume anowana zvizhinji.

"Storge", sezvinoita "philia" - norudo-ushamwari. Understanding, hanya, kudziya wakatsetseka ukama. Kana uchida kuwedzera manzwiro uye manzwiro update, pano iwe havawani.

The wokupedzisira - "nokushamisa." Zvinonzi vaiona soro padariro kuratidzwa rudo. VaKristu vepakutanga akaritumidza naMwari. It dzinoratidzwa kunzwa nokuzvitsaurira zvizere. Partner anorarama nokuda mumwe munhu. Anoona mufaro wake chete mufaro yechipiri hafu.

Musimboti "Metamorphoses"

Ikozvino ngatitaurei pamusoro nei Ovid akanyora "Metamorphoses". Daedalus uye Icarus, Somuenzaniso, pamusoro zvatinoziva kubva ngano, inozivikanwa chete nokuda nyanduri ichi chikuru.

Akanhonga yakapoteredza chokwadi, zvematongerwo enyika, zveupfumi ukama pakati vanhu uye marudzi, uye akaratidza navo ndeyokufananidzira muchimiro mungano dzekare.

shanduro yakarurama zita nhetembo - ". kuchinja, kushandurwa" Ndizvo nezvazvo uye anoti mubhuku. Ovid ane simba tarenda yakadaro kuti kufunga muverengi anonzwa zvinoita kuvapo panguva zviitiko pachavo.

Nyanduri abvisa zvose zvisingakoshi mashoko, uye rinoratidza kuchinja chimiro kwacho, kusvikira pakupedzisira vakavanda chokupedzisira mugumisiro. With wakakodzera unyanzvi kuri muverengi anova kungoona.

Asi akaratidza zvizere mu "Metamorphoses" dambudziko rudo. Iri kufarira dingindira Nyanduri. Akakwanisa kutaura zvose nezvehukorokodzwa ayo.

Uchaona kuti zvishoma nezvishoma pakazopera mabasa evanhu zviito vari kuva yakadzama, lucid uye zvinotyisa. Ngatitarisei mibvunzo iyi mienzaniso kubva kubasa.

Daphne uye Apollo

Nhetembo "Metamorphoses" chinotanga ezvinhu zvose-unoparadza chido. Mwari kwezuva, vakapofumadzwa chido, inowira murudo ane nymph. Daphne haadi kuva chinhu nokuchiva kwake uye nokukurumidza atiza.

With ake mamirire humour Ovid inotaura Apollo, sezvo Gallic imbwa uyo, tichikanganwa chiremerera, kumhanyira gallop pashure tsuro. Uye manzwiro ake anoenzanisa ane kamwe moto mumunda gorosi. Zviri madimikira aya anoratidza kudzika ruzivo Nyanduri uye masimba ake pakuongorora.

Nhoroondo inoguma nymph, pasinei kudemba Phoebe kuti ndiye mwanakomana Jupiter, pane mufudzi nyore, baba vake anobvunza kudzivirirwa. Zvirango, mwari rwizi, akatendeuka mwanasikana wake kuva muti pamahombekombe ari Creek. Apollo akaona yakafanana dzoro zviitiko, iye anopika kuti welaurel miti yakasvibira. Uyezve, korona yake, iye decorates pahuma yake.

anodikanwa Jupiter

Vaongorori vachiri hatinyatsonzwisisi zvose nezvehukorokodzwa kuti kupa muverengi "Metamorphoses". Ovid rinofananidzwa ne muvambi "The Chiuru uye Mumwe neusiku", nokuti nyanduri ari nhetembo yake weaving nyaya dzakasiyana-siyana dzenyika basa. Musaziva mungano dzekare, yokutanga nguva rwausingazonzwisisi vazhinji zviitiko uye kuenzanisa. Saka, kuti "Metamorphoses" zviri nani kuverenga kakawanda.

Semuenzaniso, Jupe, kuva kazhinji mwari Olympus ane hariperi nyama chido rudo uye chido. Ari kugara kwandakaita pamwe zviduku uye godo mukadzi Juno. Masayendisiti akawanda vanodavira kuti mifananidzo iyi vakakutambudzai weRoma, uye akaita kubatana Ovid.

Saka, basa tinoona nyaya shoma chokuita Jupiter. Unowira kuda ıO, uye nokuponesa kwake pahasha wake, murombo musikana anove mugomba mhou. Mwari kazhinji ifananidzwe vadhakwa nekita. In izvi nhoroondo, haazvibati akafanana rakadzika plebeian.

Mune nyaya Zeus Ovid kunosanganisira nyaya chisimba. Somuenzaniso, kuti vabudirire naVaCallisto, anofanira kutsvaka Diana, mwarikadzi, inova muprisitikadzi ichi. Akaenderera mberi anokurudzira musikana vakachena kuti kudanana.

Saka, mumufananidzo mutongi yokudenga chinoratidza nyanduri ndiyo yakadereresa kuratidzwa rudo urwu sechinhu "ludus".

Levkotoya uye Helios

Kwete chete kuti netsa Kesari, akanyora Ovid, "Metamorphoses". Pfupiso haizopereri nyaya achakupai kunzwisisa zvaakataura achinyomba rinotaura pamusoro kwaiwanzonzwika tsika iri vakasununguka makirasi nzanga nguva yake.

Saka, zuva-mwari ari admire godo, Kerita, mwanasikana Tethys uye Ocean. ari Helios pachake anowira anoda unofa musikana Levkofeyu, mukunda mutongi wePersia Orhama.

Asi mapenzi uye godo godo kunounza kuna mambo kuti mwanasikana wake akarasikirwa dzakachena mumaoko komweni. Angry Orham akarayira anoviga musikana mupenyu (a tsika, sezvinei, haana kurarama kumabvazuva).

Kugumbuka Helios ndehwokuti kubatsira kutipa chimwe chinhu wake waaida. Anoshandura kuva gillyflower (chena kana Violet), chinonhuwira ruva, izvo rotates kutevera zuva masikati.

Narcissus uye Echo

pachavo "Metamorphoses" vari kutanga kuchinja nyaya. Ovid chinofamba kubva rudo chisimba uye udyire vanamwari haufi kuti kupfuura wakachena, asina mhosva uye kuti zvinhu kunzwa vanhuwo zvavo.

Zano akakundikana mufaro Narcissus uye nymph Echo rinoratidza yakakwirira manzwiro kuti vari dzisingambosvikiki kuna vanamwari. Saka, jaya ane Watermark runako. Asi dambudziko iri kuti anoda kufungisisa ake chete. Achipfuura Greece, Narcissus anouya kwegungwa, yakavanzwa dzakadzika dondo, takapoteredzwa nemakomo.

Mvura saka yakachena kuti jaya haagoni chete kutyora kubva zvaakaona naye. The kunetsana iri pakuti anoona nymph Echo, uye anowira murudo naye. Asi iye haana kutaura pfungwa dzavo. Iye vakatuka Juno nokuda talkativeness, izvo kwakatadzisa Echo kutevera Jupiter.

Zvino varombo nymph anogona kudzokorora chete pakuguma mutongo mumwe munhu. Asi rakafuridzirwa norudo musikana Narcissa asingakwanisi kubvuma manzwiro avo. Haadi danana nokuti havaoni munhu kunze kufungisisa ake. Pakupedzisira, kuti mukomana ichichinja Seruva chete zita pamahombekombe kwegungwa.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti, maererano ngano, hazvina kumborega kuyemura pacharo uye Hadhesi. Ikoko Narcissus nokudhiraivha mumvura yacho Styx.

Pyramus uye Thisbe

Kana uchifunga nyaya Romeo uye Juliet Shakespeare tega, uri zvakaipa. Nyaya iyi aiziva vaPubhirio Ovid Naso. "Metamorphosis" rinotsanangura zvinosuwisa muupenyu Pyramus uye Thisbe.

Izvi musikana muduku uye mukomana aigara musuo inotevera. Vabereki musavadzivisa chete kuratidza kuti mumwe manzwiro, asi kunyange kusangana. Vakomana vachitaurirana kuburikidza buri pamadziro eimba.

Kamwe vakaronga pachivande kusangana kunze kweguta, pedo rimwe crypt. Thisbe asi munzira imomo ndakaona shumbakadzi, kutya uye akarasikirwa sikavha. Akatangawo akavanda yakabvuma pakavha. Pyramus akauya mudiwa wake uye akaona mumugwagwa zvakabvaruka shawl musikana. Aiziva izvozvo, uye pfungwa kuti akanga afa, nebanga anozvishongedza munondo.

Apo Thisbe amuwana, akauraya pachake pamwe chombo chete. zvarongwa Iri rokutanga chigadzirwa, izvo hazvina kubatanidzwa vamwari.

Hermaphrodite uye salmacis

VaPubhirio Ovid Naso "Metamorphoses" pamuviri asina sechinhu Linear sezvamunoita. Rine dzinokanganisa uye anotendeuka, achidzokera zvekare zviitiko. Ndiye anenge salmacis uye Hermaphrodite nyaya iyi yechokwadi.

Wokutanga waiva nymph yegomo rwegungwa. Asi inofadza runako wake pamwe risingaenzaniswi usimbe. Zvose kuti akanga kuroorana, izvozvo zviri Narcissism uye preening.

Kamwe mudziva akauya hermaphrodite. Vechidiki, ari mwanakomana Aphrodite naHemesi, akanga hunoshamisa runako uye mitambo zvinobva. Nymph murudo naye kufenda.

Akakumbira vanamwari chokubatanidza vave mumwe. Apo jaya akananga salmacis akaikanda, uye zvisikwa zvokudenga kuti amuitire chishuvo. Kubvira ipapo, hermaphrodite vakava androgynous hwakanaka. Held pano retrospection iri nyaya mhirizhonga, kunyanya kutaurwa maererano navanamwari.

Cephalus uye Procris

Vazhinji mashoko akasiyana rudo akaudza Ovidy vaverengi. "Metamorphosis", iro Kuongororwa iyo tinopa muchidimbu munyaya ino, uye ratidza njodzi pasina wekushanduka.

Zvino munhoroondo Kefala uye Procris. Izvi zviviri vanhuwo, vakaroorana. Asi kuwana sezvisingaiti nokuti chokwadi pamusoro wake kuvimbika kune akasarudzwa, izvo akafuridzirwa kuti Aurora.

Cephalus mifananidzo yavo chegodo kuuya musikana kuti manyemwe, uye iye atiza. Asi pashure kuzvidemba anodzoka.

Zvino panodiwa haasi mwari, uye kubatsira kwevanhu uye yakatetepa kufunga. Procris muranda akashuma kuti akanga anzwa murume anonzi Aura, mwarikadzi inotonhorera kanofefetera.

Inosarudza kutevera murume wake, wakati zvakavigwa pamakwenzi pedyo. Cephalus akafunga yaiva mhuka kuverevedza kumusoro, uye akauraya mudzimai wake pamwe museve.

Muchiitiko chino, tinoona chinhu asi pamusana dambudziko anodzimaidza godo.

Baucis uye Philemon

Uye pamusoro "nokushamisa" anodaro mubasa rake, Ovid Naso. "Metamorphosis" inotaurwa, ichi ndicho mhando kupfuura akakwana rudo muchimiro Firimoni uye Baucis.

Zviri murombo asi vaizviita nemudzimai. Vakayambuka rose upenyu pamwe chete, vachikwegura, uye akapona remakore duku mukamba.

Rimwe zuva kushanyira vaiva Hemesi uye Jupiter. Kuteerera tsika, varidzi kuisa tafura zvose kuti vakanga. Vakati vachidurura coffers dzavo, asi akasangana zvikumbiro zvose rwavatorwa. In kuonga noushamwari vanamwari vekare kugamuchirwa mubayiro chokupika zvido.

Baucis uye Firimoni akabvunza asati afa kuti vachengeti etemberi, iyo yakavakwa pamusoro nzvimbo celestials zvirindo dzavo, uye kune mumwe nyika muzuva rimwe. Somugumisiro, pashure pemakore mashomanana vakanga ikava miti miviri pedo tsvene. Husband - mu pomuouki, uye mudzimai wake - mu madota.

Keiko uye Alcyone

Nyaya iyi "Metamorphoses" nhetembo Ovid kunoita munhu U-dzoro kubva raMwari yetsika vachiramba kuwedzera omunhu.

The peya - mambo wakazvipira uye mambokadzi. Iye - mwanakomana Aurora, iye - mwanasikana Aeolus. Kamwe Keiko nechikepe uye vakaurayiwa nedutu.

Munhoroondo shoko iri rakapinzwa nyaya mwoyo nhau Alcyone kuburikidza hope.

Somugumisiro, vaviri muchichinjana vari gulls, uye akanyaradza mukadzi uye murume akamutsa nhunzi pamwe chete vachifara.

Vertumnus uye Pomona

Rudo Nyaya nebindu nymph Pomona uye mwari mwaka Vertumn. Last hunomirirwa pamusoro dzekare gamba elegies. Ndiye zvachose vakazvipira kuti chinhu achikudza ake. Pakupedzisira, jaya achiri anotsvaka reciprocity kubva anodiwa.

On yakadaro inofadza chitsamba inoguma detembo "Metamorphoses". Ovid, kuongorora basa zvatakandorwira vakaedza kuunza munyaya ino, anoratidza nyaya iyi mukukunda apotheosis manzwiro vanhuwo zvavo uye demigods pakati nezvido Vagari denga udyire.

Saka, nhasi hatina achingotaura pamusoro nekuchiva iri muvanhu yekare, asi namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara bhora iyi upenyu mienzaniso mabasa nomudetembi wechiRoma Ovid.