Enhetembo miganhu: sei kurondedzera? Names enhetembo encombrements

Tisati takurukura mubvunzo kuziva sei kukura mitsetse nhetembo, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ichi ndicho syllabic-tonic versification wemuTesitamende iyo kusarudza chinhu ndiye chemabhazi. Uyu kudzokorora Kufananidzira randinogara imwe mari nehana uye unstressed mabhii. The rutsoka akanga nechakare kare, asi hazvina ikoko kubva akasimbisa uye unstressed mabhii, uye refu uye pfupi.

Dimensions takatsunga ne hunhu uye uwandu norutsoka Akadamburanya mundima (mundima mutsetse). Mumwe nevakawanda zvikanganiso mashoko - a tautological okuti "wokufananidzira divi ndima." Kazhinji mutsara uyu anogona kunzwa kubva vadzidzi uye kunyange nevadzidzisi, nayo kururama, kunyange zvazvo zvakajairika chaizvo. Kukura ndima kwagara wokufananidzira, saka kurwara kubvunza, "sei I kuona ukuru enhetembo ndima?" - "? Sei kuona kukura mutsetse" kutaura zvakarurama

rutsoka disyllabic

Yezvakaita rutsoka kuvimba enhetembo miganhu. How kuona hunhu tsoka, rinotiudza kuimba ndima rekodhi sezvo dunhu uye kuona nzvimbo accented mabhii neimwe kudzokorora vanzwe zviri nhetembo.

Dissyllabic Kumira ine mabhii maviri (i.e. ari chinhu inodzokororwa ose maviri mabhii).

Kana wokutanga mabhii akadzokorora percussive maatomu akafanana, uye wechipiri - unstressed, kuti nawo ferrets. kakawanda zvakakwana kudzokorora shoko chorea (zhizha, vanowira), kunzwa inzwi kwaya. Ferrets kunowanzoitika kwazvo nhetembo uye chinozivikanwa vaverengi mabasa wepanguva vanyori, uyewo pamusoro pemabasa Classics. Trochaic ndima akanyatsojeka runozivisa nhetembo, yakanyorerwa vana:

Kamwe mumatsutso mbongoro Osia

Very zvakaipa usiku hope.

Zvino wachi akarova masere,

Mbongoro Osia kusimuka ... (Chebyshev A.)

Tyoni Honya akanga demure,

Tyoni Honya hapana mhanya.

Rimwe zuva tyoni Honya

Kuti mvura kuenda asarudza ... (Chebyshev A.)

Bath zuva tsikidzi.

Very unotambudza kwaari:

Zvakakodzera kugeza hembe

Uye kugeza pachake ... (Chebyshev A.)

Kana kuvhunduka rutsoka ndiyo mabhii wechipiri, izvozvo ndizvo pentameter. Iambe ndima havana dzakakurumbira.

The kakatsi yakanga fluffy

Uye misikanzwa chaizvo.

Iye akamhanya kwazvo

The katsi uye ini.

Back kune imbwa notupukanana

Kazhinji chibharo ...

Uye kana iwe tora mudanga,

Purred akarara. (A Chebyshev)

Kuti "kunzwa" kuridza pentameter, iambe wodzokorora chero shoko zvakakwana (chitubu fivhiri). Pentameter kakawanda chokuita inzwi Pushkin kuti "Evgeniya Onegina".

-Mabhii matatu rutsoka

rutsoka Ternary rinoumbwa azvaitwa pamusoro mabhii matatu, rimwe iro - wokutanga, yechipiri kana yechitatu - ndisingafungiri.

Kana impactor wokutanga mabhii, izvozvo inonzi dactyl. Kuti "kunzwa" dactyl, dzokorora chero dactylic shoko iri zvakakwana (vachifara, akarasika). Dactyl kwakazara kwazvo Russian nhetembo, asi zvinokwanisika kusangana zvishoma kakawanda uye iambe chorea.

Matatu mana, uye vaviri mvuu

Takasangana maviri nezvina nzou.

Next - a - chaiva doro,

Two - chinhu rwizi.

Yemichindwe - mumwe.

Three mumwe mvuu akati:

"Hello, maviri nezvina nzou."

Uye vamwe vakanga akarara pasi nomuchindwe.

Paiva zhinji,

A chanza - mumwe. (A Chebyshev)

Kana akasimbisa mabhii - wechipiri, kuti nawo amphibrach. Pashure kudzokorora amphibrachic shoko (chizvarwa, imbwa, zvisikwa) zviri nyore kunzwa rinokosha resonance amphibrach. zita Amphibrachic ane vemungano hunhu Pupusika rinotsanangurwa kurira enyambo kutenderera nhetembo Andrei Chebyshev "pupusik Economic uye sere convex nusik":

... Kamwe pupusik Vodichev maruva,

A nusiki akayera mvura muhari,

Tine nechokwadi chokuti hapana skhimichil

Uye hari ose pamusoro uye pamusoro Vodice ...

... Kamwe pupusik akawoma zvemasikati

Uye yeuka kuti tsama munyu kana kwete.

A nusiki syamknuli: "Musazvidya trumbambol!

Kare kare Buba zachuhlilas munyu ... "

... Kamwe pupusik kuzyunilsya neshamwari,

Pakarepo ruzha nusiki vzvyaknuli kutya:

"Pupusik! Pupusik! Iye haasi shamwari!

Tarirai sei vanorura meso kunhivi!

Akadya matatu konfyushki uye blyambochek matanhatu.

A nusiki kuti usiku kuchava? .. "

Pakadaro, kana kuvhunduka ari mabhii wehurukuro nhatu pamusoro anapaest rechitatu. Kunzwa anapaest kunogona kanoverengeka kudzokorora shoko anapestovoe (guta, ina).

... uye dzimwe nguva kunyange Svondo.

Uye iwe unogona zvisina nhasi,

Nokuti kana rumuko

Hatifaniri hedu akafumomuka.

Amai, baba kwete aramu,

Sezvazviri nhasi, kupika mangwanani ...

Uye asi ndine muna firiji

Very zvinonaka hove mazai.

Uye zuro, pakumuka remvura -

Pane achiri kutengeswa nzou -

Naamai-kuti-nababa akafamba isu mhuri

Uye vakanga ... Serezhka Panov (A. Chebyshev)

Ndivo shanu rakajairika zimbabwe chemabhazi. The Classics Russian mukati vari kushandiswa kunyanya, uye ivo kuona kwazvo akakurumbira uye yakakurumbira enhetembo miganhu. Sei kuona chaizvo kukura, kwete chete mhando netsoka, zvicharangarirwa kurondedzerwa pazasi.

rutsoka Quadrisyllabic (peons)

Russian nhetembo anozivawo mana mabhii rutsoka, dzinonzi peons. Kana wokutanga mabhii, pamurwi anonzi peony ini, kana yechipiri, zvino, maererano, peony II, uye zvichingodaro. Peons nyore Zvisinei kuvhiringidzwa iambe pentameter, kana, kana uchiteerera, radzo rakasiyana. Sezvo chikamu chikoro zvidzidzo vari kunyanya kutaura pamusoro chaiwo tsoka - dvuslozhnikah uye trehslozhnikah.

rutsoka Pentasyllabic (peptones)

Uyezve, rutsoka zvinobvira pentasyllabic kana pyatidolniki kana peptones. Kumira izvi zvinogona kuwanika Russian chevarwere nhetembo, kana dzayo stylization. The nevakawanda yakatengwa kupfuura pyatislozhniki wechitatu akasimbisa mabhii: "sei muna mai, mune nyorova pasi ..." Kurira peptone III zviri kwese chaizvo uye asingakanganwiki, zvaizivikanwa zhinji pamusoro epics Russian.

Kuwanda rurege mundima

Regai enhetembo miganhu takatsunga. How kuziva mhando netsoka, zvisinei pamusoro apa, kuti tione sei kukura nhetembo zvichinzi, zivo mhando rutsoka hazvikwani. Regai - ichi ndicho chikwata kuti anoyera pakukura. The chiito wechipiri, izvo zvakafanira kuti - kuverenga tsoka vangani siyana, dzinza ndima (ndima).

mazita akarurama enhetembo kukura saka unorira ichi: "ferrets trisyllabic" (nhamba tsoka trochaic mumutsetse - matatu), "pentasyllabic pentameter" (nhamba iambe tsoka por mutsetse - shanu), "disyllabic anapaest" (nhamba anapestovyh kurega pamusara - .. maviri), etc. chaiwo chikanganiso iri vadzidzi vazhinji uye vadzidzi, pakupindura mubvunzo: "Chii saizi" - kungodudza vorudzii anomira. Wrong kutaura "kukura ichi nhetembo - dactyl", zvakarurama kuti: ". Ukuru Nhetembo iyi - trehstopny (.. Dvustopny etc.) dactyl"

Quantification vanorega ndima

Saka, musi nhamba uye yezvakaita chemabhazi kunoenderana enhetembo miganhu. Sei kuona kuwanda netsoka? It zvinoenderana nokuwanda ngoma (dunhu) dzokuAustralia. Regai titsanangure izvi muenzaniso chorea uye amphibrach.

Kana ini akapfeka ngowani,

Ndava kuda kufanana nababa.

Eya, Baba, uye pasina heti

All zvakafanana, sezvinoita baba.

In detembo iri Andrew Chebyshev "Pro papa ngowani" chisarudzo rinorondedzerwa so quadrisyllabic ferrets, sezvo ndima mutsetse (v) unotora rutsoka mana trochaic.

Horse kumhanya mhiri munda, kumhanya,

Ini parinomhanya mhiri munda uye aneta zvikuru.

Zvino munda waiva, uye kusunga uswa.

Uye ini akakwakuka shure, parinomhanya, parinomhanya.

Uye murwizi kugeza, uye kutamba zenze,

Uye zvakare pamusoro munda parinomhanya, parinomhanya.

Kana mhepo kana shiri hazvina kubata.

Hapana anoziva kuti kutsanya gallop.

In nhetembo iyi chete munyori, zvakare, nhamba kurega namakumbo mana asi, kusiyana rapfuura muenzaniso, regai chorea uye amphibrachic, saka pakukura ichi nhetembo - chetyrehstopnym amphibrach.