Ndivanaani naanamai? Ndivanaani vainzi madzishe kuMiddle Ages?

Medieval dzekare mudane nguva kubva V kuti XV remakore, kureva nguva kubvira pakupunzika hweRoma kuti kuwanikwa America. Kwemakore, nguva izvi vaionekwa rima, barbarous, vasingazivi, chisimba uye ropa. Zvisinei, pamwe vanhu ava vanoziva kudanana, chivalric mabasa makuru, troubadours, kuvaka rakaisvonaka machechi nemisasa ari kumwedzi.

Ndiani Señor

KuMiddle Ages, nzanga yakakamurwa kuva mapoka matatu, rimwe nerimwe rine mabasa anokosha:

• muchinyengetera - ndicho nevafundisi;
• pemauto - a naanamai, kudzivirira nyika;
• kushanda - ichi vanhuwo zvavo.

Nhengo imwe boka enhaka. Vana vanhuwo zvavo vanofanira kuva vanhuwo zvavo, Knights zvinogona chete kuva wedzinza rimwe knight, mupristi - mwanakomana abbot.

Estates All kuzadzisa zvavo zvinokosha pachena basa. Vafundisi Vaitarisira mweya yevanhu, madzishe dzairinda nyika, nhengo dzemhuri dzokurima zvose zvokudya. Maererano nepfungwa iyi, vamiririri nerimwe nemakirasi vanofanira kutevedzera zvakasimba dzavo sungiro uye kurarama norugare nevamwe.

Ndiani Señor ndiani? Kutsunga pamusoro nhoroondo inoti kuti ndiyo muridzi womunda, mumwe jendurumani ane simba amambo munharaunda nyika yavo.

Sechivako vakuru vakuru pakati feudal nguva

In yeMiddle Ages, vakawanda vacho akanga achiparidza mune zvokurima. Munguva yehondo kusingaperi zvakaitika weboka vanhu vaya mubasa kurimwa munyika, uye vaya rakava kupfuura kushandisa maoko. Full ngozi nguva vakabatsira kuti nokukurumidza kwaita nounyanzvi kirasi remauto, izvo zvishoma nezvishoma akaparadzaniswa kuva yoga stratum munzanga.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti huru yevanhu upfumi muMiddle Ages vaionekwa pasi. Nzvimbo paakavapa kune zvizvarwa yokuvimbika kuna mambo, akavagamuchira vari pfuma nokuda mabasa echiuto. Land, akapa basa rinonzi "feuds". Ani naani anogamuchira mugove kwakadaro, yakabva yava pasi nomupi akanga kushumira tenzi wake uye kurwisa nokuti mazuva anenge 40 pagore. Pasina remapazi muchiuto kuitwa kunodzidziswa zvechiuto panhare panguva ishe.

Nekambani simba hurongwa

The Ages feudal hurongwa runhare. Ndivanaani naanamai? vanhu ava (madzimambo, machinda, NaAmai Pauline Kabanzi, Knights, uye kunyange vafundisi) anganzi huru varidzi venyika. Vane zvakanaka uye rupo kuna vatongi vari pasi ake, kuti avabatsire, kuvadzivirira. Pakati vamiririri vakakwirira iripo imwe mhando nezvomutoro pahwaro izvo ezvinhu hurumende yakavakwa muna feudal muvanhu.

The chepamusorosoro Samanai pamanera vaibatira mambo. Vaimuti mukuru overlord kana wokutanga ishe. Direct vatongi vari pasi pamambo vaionekwa vamiririri vanokudzwa uye vakapfuma mhuri:

• Madzishe uye earls;
• archbishops nemabhishopu;
• abbots.

Panguva inotevera Danho vaiva vatongi vari pasi kuvakuru vamiririri - the NaAmai Pauline Kabanzi, uyo, uyewo, kuzviisa pasi Knights. Zvose izvi 'manera "vakaramba basa nyanzvi dzokugadzira uye vanhuwo zvavo, kupa nyika ine zvokudya uye zvokupfeka.

A kunyatsoongorora ichi hierarchical mamiriro, zviri pachena kuti Señor muMiddle Ages - munhu anokudzwa murume, ane munda pfuma uye avo vatongi vari pasi.

pakudyidzana Estates

Upenyu vanhuwo zvavo, vanoumba unorema chavagari zvikuru novimba vakwegura. mabasa avo anosanganisira kwete chete kushandira mhuri yako, asi kushanda veimba Count mashoma pavhiki, uyewo paruzhinji anoshanda zvokugadzirisa fenzi, mazambuko uye migwagwa. Vakabhadhara uchi, mazai kana zviyo, michero kana nyama shiri kuti mukana aroore, nokuti kushandiswa yomunharaunda chigayo kuti ukuye zviyo.

Ndivanaani madzishe Ages vanhuwo zvavo? Izvi "vedzinza" simba uyo, mukutsinhana zvokudya uye basa zvinovimbisa tillers mukana mvumo minda yerendi kuti mupenyu, kukura zviyo. Mr. aishanda kudzivirira kuti vanhuwo zvavo kubva muchiuto, kubva incursions ose nevokunze munguva kugadzikana nguva.

Mubvunzo "Ndiani Señor," nyaya inoti ndiyo mhando anorichengeta. The zvakawanda vanhuwo zvavo uye nyika kwokurangana vaiva nhaka ishe, saka akatonyanya simba, kupfuma, akakura ayo mumagariro kukosha.

Mabasa kodzero repasi mukirasi

Vamwe varimi vave kumanikidzwa kurega zvarinoroora nyika uye rusununguko. Vakabvumirana uri kubatsirwa upenyu mukutsinhana kuzvidzivirira uye kuchengeteka. Feudal madzishe kwaiva nani kuwana kubva vashandi napo. Zvisinei, kubva nzara uye varombo vanhuwo zvavo, vaiva uyewo vanotongwa anorichengeta ake, haana chinhu chakanaka. Saka, kuMiddle Ages, mitero, zvakavakodzera uye yesosaiti achingopiwa zvimwe dzemunharaunda kuti tsika.

Ndivanaani naanamai? Ichi feudal madzishe, vari nguva dzose achida kutora kudzivirira vanhuwo zvavo, achitora kunyika ino rusununguko uye iripo. Zvisinei, kana kutengesa kana kutsinhanisa, kana mumuviri kuranga kana kuuraya vanhu ava, vakanga vasina kodzero.

Kunyange hunotsamira pakati vanhuwo zvavo kugona kuridzinga panyika pamusoro kuripwa waiti zvakavakodzera. Ukama kwamachinda uye tillers havasi nokudzorwa vachida kuti Mr. uye akadzika midzi tsika munzanga. Kana kutyorwa kodzero dzavo varimi vakaenda kudare uye akahwina kazhinji.

Direct uye honorary varidzi

Land nzvimbo pamwechete Manor, Castle uye chechi yomunharaunda inonzi vakwegura. Nheyo dzakadaro pfuma yaiva moyo Ages upfumi. In vakawanda Estates vaibva mumwe mumisha inoverengeka pamwe akapoteredza dzacho. Ndiani Señor ndiani? Kutsunga zvinotevera: ane honorary kana zvakananga muridzi pfuma yose kunyanya vakwegura.

On nharaunda kunge zvechizarira - chiratidzo chinokosha wenhaka uye kudzorwa pakati. chivakwa vanokwanisa kwakadaro rudzi kuratidzwa kwesimba pamusoro pavanhu uye ndima.

Saka, pakupindura mubvunzo "vari madzishe," zvinogona kutaurwa kuti ichi feudal nemadzishe pamwe vatongi vari pasi pasi, anokwanisa kununura kururamisira uye kugamuchira mari kubva kunyika yavo.