Kirov Sergey Mironovich: Biography, mhuri, mafaro zvinhu

Ndiani Kirov Sergey Mironovich? The Biography munhu uyu izere zviitiko zvakadaro, izvo zvinoita nhoroondo zvibvire kuti akamuita panzvimbo chaiyo pakati vatungamiri webato utungamiri reSoviet yaitonga. Kunyange rufu rwake kwaiva chikonzero kutanga zviitiko zvakakomba kwakauraya upenyu vanopfuura gumi nevaviri vanhu vasina mhosva.

Kirov Sergey Mironovich: Biography rejaya echimurenga

S. M. Kirov akaberekwa 27 musi March 1886 mu Urzhum (guta iri Vyatka mudunhu) mumhuri vashandi nyore. Mukomana akanga masere chete namakore akasara asina vabereki: mai vangu vakafa, baba vangu, akaenda kubasa, yakanyangarika pasina zvikasawanirwa. Uye kana hanzvadzi vakatora Sergei kuna mbuya vake, ipapo riri yakatumwa utiziro yevana. Nenzira, apo zita mutungamiri webato ramangwana raiva Kostrikov. Kirov, akava zvikuru gare gare. Asi zvinhu zvokutanga pakutanga.

Sergey ros akazochena uye anoshanda nesimba mwana, kudzidza nokuti hazviiti kusika chero matambudziko. With kubudirira kudzidza kutanga yake musha yeko Urzhum, uye zvadaro guta chikoro, mukomana, wechi zano vadzidzisi vavo, vakaenda kuna Kazan, apo wakapinda Mechanics uye dzigadziridzwe promuchilische uye muna 1904 iye kudzidza sowakajeka, kubatana shanu yakanakisisa vacho.

Mugore iroro Kostrikov akatamira Tomsk uye anowana basa draftsman mudare redhorobha, mune zvakafanana kudzidziswa panguva regadziriro kosi Institute of Technology. Asi vakaronga ramangwana rugare huchizadzika haana fated.

Sergey, yakazara pfungwa echimurenga achiri Kazan, akatamira Tomsk, nekukurumidza anova chinoshingaira nhengo RSDLP, kuti Party rekunyepedzera Serge. Muna 1905 iye akasungirwa kupindira mienzaniso, asi ari mujeri, haana kugara kwenguva refu. Pashure nokubudiswa rinotevera webato musangano, iye akasarudzwa kuti komiti iri Tomsk RSDLP. Anova murongi Anti-hurumende mienzaniso uye Misangano mikuru, pova kurwa squads. Somugumisiro, Sergei Kostrikova zvakare akasungwa muna 1906. nguva ino ari kujeri kwemakore matanhatu.

Iye vakakundwa, asi kwete kuputswa

In June 1908 SM Kostrikov mujeri, izvo, sezvo vaitarisira, aifanira kuchinja maonero ake pamusoro echimurenga kufamba. Zvisinei, izvi hazvina kuitika. Ndabva kujeri, ari kuenda Irkutsk, apo pashure kudzorerwa sangano yebato, rinenge kuparadzwa zvachose nemapurisa, kamwe zvakare anotanga kushanda vachishingaira mune echimurenga divi zvose muguta uye Novonikolaevsk (zvino Novosibirsk). In May 1909 Serge, nokubva mapurisa kutambudzwa, aitofanira kusiya kumaodzanyemba kwenyika.

Kushanda North Caucasus

In Vladikavkaz, iye anoshanda zvikuru nepepanhau kadheti vemo "Terek", achitaipa nyaya zvakaitika vakawana panguva pamukwidza "Elbrus" uye "Kazbek", siya kudzokorora kumhanya muguta yemitambo. Pano akasangana mudzimai wake weramangwana wechipiri Maria Lvovna vehurumende Marcus.

Zuva zhizha 1911 Kostrikova zvakare neMapurisa nyaya yekare vakauya zvakawanda Tomsk. Akanga mhosva kuronga imwe pevhu wokudhinda, asi mhosva yake kumbobvira nekusimba. Kostrikov anoramba kushanda mu "Terek", asi kamwe zvakare kwete anokwezvera pachake, anotora ainziwo Kirov, uyo aidavira kuti dzisingadi nezita ramambo wePezhiya - Koreshi. Kubva panguva iyi pamusoro Biography Kirova Sergeya Mironovicha hapana chinokosha haina kumiririrwa. Kunyange zvazvo nyaya yakanyorwa naye uye kazhinji damning hurumende, dzakakurumbira chaizvo pakati kupikiswa-nepfungwa vanhu.

Party basa uye Civil War

Kusvikira chimurenga (1917), S. M. Kirov kunyanya kwete unooneka, uye panguva yacho kubvuta masimba, akanga asiri pakati pevakaitwa kukanganiswa mamiriro ezvinhu munyika. Next kusvetuka bato Biography Sergeya Mironovicha Kirova akaita chete muna 1919 iye akagadzwa mukuru Revolutionary Committee of Astrakhan. Kubvira, zviri zvikuru nokukurumidza pamukwidzwa kukwira upward.

Kamwe pasi zvakananga utungamiriri hwake hwakasimbiswa woutsinye pakaunda-echimurenga Kupanduka Astrakhan, akapfura mudungwe, vakaurayiwa uye Metropolitan Mitrofan Bishop Leonty, Kirov akava nhengo Revolutionary Military Council regumi Red Army. Kubva 1919 Sergey Myronovych pamwe Ordzhonikidze rinotungamirirwa Pazvinotanga vezvikwata avo North uye South Caucasus: March 30 chakabatwa Vladikavkaz, uye papera mwedzi (May 1) - Baku.

Pakapera May 1920 Kirov akagadza mumiririri mvumo kuGeorgia, apo hurumende ichiri vaiva Mensheviks. In mangwanani October wegore iroro Sergei Myronovych vakananga reSoviet nhume vaifamba kuenda Riga kuti kusaina rugare sungano Poles, uye ipapo anodzoka North Caucasus, apo Caucasian inobatanawo panhengo RCP (b). Muna March 1921, senhume regumi Congress of RCP (b), Kirov akabvumirwa humwewo nhengo nechepakati komiti veboka.

In April 1921 Sergey Mironovich vanotungamirira Congress of Mugomo ASSR (zvino North Ossetia). Uye muna July chete gore iye akasarudzwa munyori TSKKP Azerbaijan. Nokukurumidza akava mumwe havaoni ari Transcaucasian SFSR (December 1922). Muna April 1923, nhume yacho wegumi Congress of RCP (b) tora chimwe Kirov TSKRKP (b). Musoro Communist Party pakati Azerbaijan S. M. Kirov akanga tsitsi kuna Stalin, pasinei nokuti, chokwadi, akaramba zvishoma ndeuke webato vakuru. Akanga asina vaiona chinhu upstart, haana kutsvaka kutora zvinzvimbo uye panguva iyoyo aiva chipo chaicho rokunyengetedza, wakanakisisa mabhizimisi acumen, asiwo vaizivikanwa kwazvo mamaneja uye akavimbika shamwari.

Kirov muna Leningrad

Nokukurumidza mafungiro zvakanaka Stalin kuna Kirov kwakaguma kugadzwa kwake sezvo musoro sangano bato iri Leningrad. Chinangwa chacho chikuru chaiva kuti razero nezvainoita Leningrad vaKomonisiti aimbova mukuru webato guta Grigory Zinoviev - the mhiko muvengi Stalin. Uye Kirov vakabudirira, pasinei nokuti kuzorwa naye, kunyange akaedza kushandisa pamwe chete pepanhau kadheti. Sergey Myronovych kwete chete kubudirira kudzora pamusoro sangano bato muguta, asi vakavawo nokudzora chete pamusoro chinhu uye kunyange kugadzirisa dzimba uye mudzimba nyaya kumuridzi anenge Leningrad,. Kufambira Mberi basa kweguta pakupedzisira akauita enyika rakakura nhamba.

Zvisinei, pane inonakidza chokwadi - Kirov Sergey Mironovich Zvisinei, uye zvaikodzera kuti LEVEL nesimba munyika, kunyanya pashure akazova nhengo Politburo TSKVKP (b) kwete kurishandisa, uye zvachose chakabatikana chete panyaya Leningrad. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti pakutanga Kirov aingova udyire basa, pane kuvaka basa. Zvisinei, ainyatsotsigira mutemo vakadzinganiswa Stalin, kuti chokwadi zvirokwazvo inoenderana. For Iosifa Vissarionovicha, akanga akanaka, uye Chikurukuru, yakavimbika rutsigiro pasina "dombo pachipfuva chake."

Asi mhuri yake haina kushanda

Kana kutandadzana zvose zvakanga zvakanaka, upenyu pachake Kirova Sergeya Mironovicha haana kubuda. Muna 1920, akasangana mudzimai wake wokutanga (hapana mashoko ari akaramba pairi). Kwapera gore, vaiva kasikana - Eugene. Asi pakamuka dambudziko - mukadzi Kirov akarwara ndokufa nokukurumidza pashure.

Batanidzwa vatungamiriri mwana bato asina nguva - basa muupenyu hwake, akabvisa dzose nguva, uye Eugene Sergeevne Kostrikova aifanira kudzokorora zvaitika baba vake vana - kuenda chikoro chebhodho. Izvi zvakaitika mushure vabereki vake akasarudza kubatanidza upenyu hwavo kwenguva yakareba musikana - Maria Lvovna Marcus. Mukadzi akanyatsoramba kugamuchira mwana mumwe wacho. Saka, Kirova Sergeya Mironovicha mhuri wokutanga zvakaondomoka zvachose, uye kufona giredhi wechipiri zvakanga zvakaoma, sezvo pakanga chete Largus Kirov vahosi nevana, akanga asina kusununguka.

Zviya, Evgeniya Sergeevna Kostrikova aiva mwanasikana kwababa akafanira - Kirova Sergeya Mironovicha. Interesting zvinhu kubva Biography pachena hwokuti chokwadi. Munguva yehondo pamwe Nazi Germany, kwaiva chete nokusingaperi hadzi mutungamiri, mota boka rose rakanga murayiro yomumwe munhu.

Akaurayiwa Kirov Sergey Mironovich?

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti vakadzi vaiva Kirov simba. Paiva runyerekupe pamusoro kumabasa ake vakawanda actresses akakurumbira uye Leningrad Bolshoi. Zvisinei, mashoko kuzosimbisa ichi, kwete kuwanikwa. Hongu, uye vana zvinobvira vasiri Kirov Sergei Mironavich pachachowo kumboti kanenge hwokuti pane. Zvisinei, imwe shanduro richibatanidza rufu rwake aiva kudanana. Maererano nokufungidzira ichi, muna Kirov ndaiva imhute aidanana nokuvhuvha Draule - mushandi ari remunharaunda komiti. Murume wake, Leonid Nikolaev, wakati Wakadzidza nezvazvo, akasarudza kuranga anokumhan'arira, chokumuuraya.

Pane imwe shanduro, iro Nicholas, ari munhu kunyanyisa uye mwero vavariro, saka akasarudza kuva nomukurumbira uye kuburukira munhau, sezvakaita vauraya Alexander II. Like kana kwete - handizivi, asi kuti iye pachake akarayira rufu akadaro akakurumbira webato mufananidzo mumwe - ane zvazvisingarambiki chokwadi. Nepo ruzhinji rwevanhu masangano aiva kudzivirira chakakomba, saka zvaiva nyore kutanga Nikolayev, aine pfuti, kusvika Smolny, apo raiva Guta Party Committee. Kirov yaisangana meruvanze yamambo uye vakamutevera, Nikolaev akapfura naye musoro, pashure akaedza kuzviuraya, asi akanga asingakwanisi, kufenda.

Kirov aurayiwa vanonyepedzera kuti udzvanyiriri

Mushure kuvharirwa uye kutsvaka Nikolaev series, zvakava pachena kuti vaongorori kuti muurayi akaita oga, uye hapana zvematongerwo vavariro iri mhosva kuita kwete. Asi Stalin haana kugamuchira izvozvo, "vanhu vake" - munhu nechinzvimbo chepamusoro wezvematongerwe enyika, haana kufa saka mapenzi, uye naizvozvo, rufu rwake anogona kushandiswa nani. Kuti aite izvi, izvozvo chete zvinofanira kunge vakabvuma sezvo kubasa nezvokupikiswa.

Pakupedzisira, pashure akatevedzana enyika dzinotsanagura vanhu 17 akapfura, 80 akaenda kujeri, 30 - vari kubatana. Zviuru zvevanhu vakanga vatumwa kubva Leningrad sezvo kuvimbika. Panzira, kuti chevapfuri akanga Nikolaev kwete chete, asi mudzimai wake (the vanonzi mwene Kirov) Milda Draule.

Mutero kuna Kirov

Marasha wamauto vechimurenga, zvachose vakazvipira kuna Party uye nyika, kwete chete ainakidzwa yakakwirira nomukurumbira pakati pavanhu, chaizvo aida uye airemekedzwa muSoviet Union. Vachikudza guta rake Vyatka Yakazopiwa zita rokuti Kirov (1934), uye Sergeyu Mironovichu Kirovu Zvivako anogona kuwanikwa dzakawanda munyika. Kuvigwa "bhasi kuti Leningrad" pedyo Kremlin rusvingo Red Square muMoscow.