Ndiani akauraya Alexander 2 uye nei? Apo Alexander akaurayiwa 2?

The Emperor akaburuka munhau pamwe epithet 'akasunungura', akaita emakore hope vanhu pamusoro abolition pakati serfdom, aiva nedambudziko vanhu kubva chete vanhu, kuti vagoverwa upenyu raakanga akaisa zvikuru nesimba. rufu rwake zvinomutsa mibvunzo yakawanda pakati dzakaitika. Tinoziva zita gandanga akakanda bhomba, uye, zvakadaro, mubvunzo "Sei makauraya Alexander 2? 'Uye asina mhinduro yakajeka nanhasi.

Zvinhu uye migumisiro yazvo

State basa Alexander 2 dzingava muenzaniso yakakurumbira chirevo "iri mudungwe nevavariro dzakanaka unoenda kugehena." Paakangogara pachigaro pazera remakore makumi matanhatu nemakore, akaita akatevedzana okunyanyisa transformations. Akakwanisa kupedza nengozi muRussia Crimean War, munhu akatadza tariro baba vake - Nicholas I. akadzima serfdom. Chiripo kuhondo, akasuma hurumende yeko uye akaita nezvamakatonga kuchinja. Uyezve, akakwanisa kuderedza ari kusenza uye kufambisa kufamba kunze.

Zvisinei, nemhaka rezvinhu ake ose akanaka, yaisanganisira munhoroondo Russia se "zvinhu zvikuru", aiva impoverishment kuti vanhuwo zvavo, vasunungurwe muuranda, asi kunyimwa kwavo kwainyanya zvaivararamisa - nyika; Kuparadzwa dzakare pavanatenzi - Vanokudzwa; uori, akafukidza mabhora ose ehurumende; dzakatevedzana zvikanganiso yezvinongoerekana dzimwe negwaro. Zviripachena, muna wemishonga zvose izvi zvinhu uye vanofanira kutsvaka mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti nei akaurayiwa Alexander 2.

Kutanga tambo kurwiswa

Munhau Russian kwaisava namambo, izvo zvaizoita kuti anoramba uye vanoramba vakaedza kuuraya. Alexander 2 yakaitwa kuedza matanhatu, vokupedzisira izvo afa kwaari. kuti "Narodnaya Volya" Kunyange asati - sangano kuti akauraya Alexander 2 - akazivisa zvakazara kuvapo kwayo, mazita magandanga akavhura imwe Dmitry Karakozov. April 4, 1866 (misi yose anopiwa munyaya, manyorerwo itsva), iye akaposha Kesari, ichibuda pasuwo pamunda Summer pamusoro Neva embankment. The bara kwakanga kwakakundikana, rakaponesa upenyu Alexander.

Rinotevera kuedza yakaitwa May 25, 1867 kuParis kuti Polish mubvakure Anton Berezovsky. Izvi zvakaitika pakashanya Kesari ari Wenyika Fair. The shooter akapotsa. Chiito chake iye akazotsanangura wokutsiva Russian mambo nokuda reropa kudzvinyirira wePolish yemuna pakati 1863.

Izvi zvakateverwa akangokudenha April 14, 1879, vakaita pamudyandigere collegiate assessor Aleksandrom Solovovym, chikamu chesangano "Land uye Freedom". Aikwanisa kutarisa kuti Kesari panguva Palace Square panguva yake zvatinosiita vanofamba, chaakanga aita oga uye pasina kudzivirira. The chibharo kwakaita kurira kwepfuti shanu, asi zvose hazvina zvazvakabatsira.

The debut of People

1 December wegore iroro, kuedza kwake yokutanga kwakaitwa People, uyo akauraya Alexander 2 makore maviri gare gare. Vakaedza kuridza vakwire youmambo chitima panguva nzira yake kuMoscow. Varambidzwa kuziva zvirongwa zvedu kapukanana nokuda rakanga Varidza kumusoro haisi murwiyo, uye Kesari akaramba kukuvara.

Uye, pakupedzisira, dzakatevedzana vakundikana vakaedza rinopedzisa kuputika akatinhira February 17, 1880 pasi ari Winter Palace wokutanga. Zvakaita nhengo sangano "People Kuda" Stepan Khalturin. Izvi zvakaitika rokupedzisira, apo njodzi Kesari aponese upenyu. nguva ino Alexander 2 parufu kubudikidza chipfuro kumanheru nokuda kuzodya, uye ane infernal muchina yaishanda asipo. Nechekare basa rinokosha hurumende akagadzwa vhiki kurwisa ugandanga uye kuramba hurongwa munyika.

Ropa Canal embankment

Dzinouraya kuna Kesari raiva March 13, 1881. On nhasi, iye, senguva dzose, achidzoka kubva kurambana mauto ari Mikhailovsky Manege. Pashure kushanyira munzira Mukuru Duchess Catherine Mikhailovna, Alexander ndokuenda zvavo, vakaenda embankment of Catherine Canal, kwaakanga achimirira nemagandanga.

Zita romurume uyo akauraya Alexander 2, zvino aizivikanwa zvose. Uyu Pole, mudzidzi of St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute Ignatius Grinevitsky. Akakanda bhomba zvichiteverwa shamwari yake Nikolaem Rysakovym uyewo metnuvshy infernal muchina, asi hazvina zvazvakabatsira. Apo kuputika kwokutanga dzaparadzwa Kesari akabuda wenhumbi, Grinevitsky vakamukanda bhomba pasi petsoka dzake. Chikafa mambo vakakuvadzwa akaiswa kuna Winter Palace, apo akafa asina Pandakapengenuka.

kupikiswa mudare

Zvisinei, muna 1881, apo akanga auraya Alexander 2, basa ehurumende basa, kunyange kunze akapa pfungwa kwokupisa basa zvaiita chinoshamisa kwazvo. Vezvenhau vane chikonzero chokudavira kuti rufu Alexander waiva mugumisiro rangano roruvanze vepamusoro, pakutanga kwezvose, ndisingambofariri worupo kuchinja inoitiswa mambo, uye chepiri utye mukana remitemo.

Mukuwedzera, kuwanda chemhando vanokudzwa vaisanganisira vaimbova varidzi akarasikirwa serfs dzavo, uye saka kutambura zvinokosha nezvinhu. Vaiva nechikonzero yakajeka kuvenga mambo. Kana tikafunga nyaya kubva pakona yorusvingo ichi, zvingava zvakajeka nei akauraya Alexander 2.

A chinoshamisa kusiya Department Police

Department of magondo harashari namapurisa zviito kuvhiringidzika pamutemo. Zvinozivikanwa kuti munguva yakapfuura kupondwa anoverengeka mishumo Kusaona kurwisa, uye kunyange akataura zvichibvira vakatozodzokera yave kugamuchirwa. Zvisinei, hapana mhinduro havana vakatevera. Uyezve, kana varindi mutemo akaudzwa kuti musi Malaya Sadovaya - zviri pedo nzvimbo akapondwa Alexander 2 - mined nzira yayo zvichibvira mirayiridzo, vakanga achingopiwa chete cursory vaongo- pakati kwakavakirwa iro mugero chaiitirwa.

Hapana Pavakaona (kana kwete vanouwana zvakakodzera kucherechedza), kuti magondo harashari namapurisa vakabvumira magandanga kuramba kugadzirira kurwiswa. Zvaiita kuti munhu nemaune akasunungura maoko vemhosva achida kushandisa vaite zvirongwa zvavo. The nokufungirana ndechokuti kana dambudziko kwakaitika, uye mambo, akanga ari mumuzinda sokushora ane simba akanga aenda, rese ose chigaro vakasungwa pamwe zvinoshamisa rapidity. Hapana mubvunzo kuti magondo harashari namapurisa vaiziva chaizvo sangano chii akauraya Alexander 2.

matambudziko yokugara

Mukuwedzera, mubvunzo wokuti ndiani akauraya Alexander 2 (kana zvakarurama, aiva murongi chaiye yokuuraya), kufunga uye dynastic dambudziko kuti yakatanga mumuzinda. mwanakomana wake uye mugari wenhaka pachigaro, remangwana wacho Alexander III, vaifanira kutya remangwana ravo. Chokwadi kuti pakutanga kuti gore, apo akanga auraya Alexander 2, Kesari, kwangopera kukunda raida mazuva makumi mana afa mukadzi wake pamutemo Maria Alexandrovna, akaroora naye kufarira muchindakadzi Ekaterinoy Dolgorukovoy.

Sezvo baba vake kupfuura kamwe vasati vakaratidza chido amubvise yamambo, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich zviri nyore kufunga kuti korona akaronga zvakaitika kwete kwaari asi kune mwana wakaberekwa muchato itsva. Kuti izvi zvisaitika unogona rufu nokukurumidza chete, uye akapiwa rapfuura kuedza, aizofanira hapana vasanyumwa.

Rokutanga ano sangano gandanga

Ani naani akauraya chevaux Alexander 2 (gandanga Ignatius Grinevitsky), aiva nhengo pachivande pamwe, "Narodnaya Volya". Zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvakanga yokutanga munhoroondo yemazuva ano magandanga sangano. Iye specialized chete enyika kuurayiwa, izvo akaona chete zvinoita nzira kuchinja huripo mugadziriro.

It rinoumbwa nevanhu vaiva kupfuura siyana sectors munzanga. Somuenzaniso, Sofia Perovskaya, zvakananga akatarisira chigaro kuedza pamusoro Catherine Canal, aiva noblewoman, uye kunyange mwanasikana gavhuna St. Petersburg, uye wake bhururu vari kutamburira, uye mwoyo nomumwe Zhelyabov - anobva mhuri serfs.

mutongo mambo

Akasanangura nzira kutyisa kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvematongerwe, ivo vari musangano wavo wokutanga, yakaitwa muna 1879, iyo vachibvumirana akatongerwa rufu naAlexander 2 uye makore hunotevedzana mubasa Implementation kwayo sarudzo. Kwavari zvakanga zvakakosha kuparadza autocrat, zvisinei apo kunoitika uye mugore chii. 2 Ndokuuraya Alexander vanonyanyisa, kwete schadivshie nokuti utopian echimurenga pfungwa kana hwavo, ndoda vatorwa.

Zvisinei, muchirimo achirwara-fated vaiva nechikonzero chakanaka kukurumidza. Magandanga vanoziva kuti musi March 14 akumbirwa kufarirwa bumbiro, uye vakasagona kutendera kuti zviitike, nokuti, maererano Masvomhu dzavo, kuitwa zvakadaro zvinokosha munhoroondo gwaro ane aigona kuderedza huwandu zvemagariro kusungika munyika uye zvakavatorera hondo kutsigira National. Kwakasarudzwa kuti mune chero kwaiva kubvisa mambo nokukurumidza.

Kuongororazve enhoroondo chaizvo

Nyaya wava zita murume akauraya Alexander 2, vachisiya tsoka dzake infernal muchina, asi asiri kare vachakwanisa kuratidza kururama kwemashoko kana kutadza vavaifungira kuitwa munyaya pakurangana dare madenderedzwa uye mugari wenhaka chigaro. Documents anojekesa nyaya iyi, hakuna. Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti initiators pakati chigaro wayo vaishungurudza vaiva vechidiki, nhengo pevhu Kubatanidzwa "Narodnaya Volya".

Munguva Soviet nguva dzose nemasangano akarwa autocracy, touted sevatauriri chokwadi chenhau. Zvavakaita mukaruramiswa pasinei zvikuru sei uye vane ropa rakadeurwa. Asi kana mubvunzo nhasi: "ndivanaani People, uyo akauraya Alexander 2 - matsotsi kana kwete," kakawanda mhinduro ndihungu.

Monument kuna chamber somununuri

History vaudzewo kuti chinangwa haisi nguva dzose kupembedza nzira, uye dzimwe nguva wakarwira wakarurama mhosva iri pakati vemhosva. Naizvozvo, uyo akauraya Alexander 2, haana kuva kuzvikudza Russia. zita rake harina kunzi mumigwagwa guta dzaiungana haana akavaka sezvivako. On mubvunzo kana, mune gore akaurayiwa Alexander 2, achapindura zhinji, asi kuti zita zita mhondi ndiyo yakaoma.

Panguva iyoyo pasi panzvimbo norufu akapondwa Emperor-somununuri akavaka temberi yakanaka, dzakakurumbira inonzi Muponesi ari kupirisa ropa, uye akava shongwe husingaperi. Mumakore Musiki obscurantism izvozvo kakawanda vakaedza kutora pasi, asi mumwe nomumwe nguva simba ruoko kusingaoneki vandals kudziviswa. Dana zvakafanorongwa, zvinogona nomunwe waMwari, asi kuyeuka Alexander 2, nokuputsanya zvisungo serfdom, uye ikozvino kunopenya pamwe domes goridhe, uye mhondi ake akamboenda murima nhoroondo.