Admiral Golovko Arseniy Grigorevich: mapikicha uye Biography

. Nhasi vechiduku vasiri chido zvechiuto uye post-hondo nhoroondo Russian rengarava, zvakaoma kuziva zita Admiral Golovko. Asi enyika, vanyori venhau dzakaitika uye vezvikepe nevamwe chokwadi kuti murume uyu anoshamisa chaizvo basa paumbwe uye kuvandudzika Navy of USSR.

Apo pasina gungwa

City Cool iri Kabardino-Balkaria, karukova Malke. Muna 1906 akaberekerwawo Arseniy Golovko. Zvino yaiva nyika yamakomo, yemizambiringa uye bhiza maberekero. baba vake, mukoti wemhuka, aitarisira kuti mwanakomana wake kuti mutevere makwara ake. Zvaaida, akabvunza kutengeserana muna Cossack musha. Hongu, uye Arseny akafunga chete.

Zvavakanga kudzidza chikoro yeko, iye akanyoresa hwokugadzira chikoro Rostov-on-Don. Vechiduku vari maviri avo zviri kuitika muupenyu paruzhinji. Haana hanya, vose akanga akatsunga kuvaka nzanga itsva. Akabatana Koshanda, jaya rakasvika Moscow akaenda kudzidza panguva Timiryazev Agricultural Academy.

zvichida aizova kwakakurumbira agronomist kana mhuka mukoti (matarenda vanhu vanokwanisa zvizhinji), ndingadai vakadzokera kunyika yavo, uye ipapo acharamba kuita madzitateguru avo. Asi Koshanda, pashure pokudzidza kwemwedzi mitanhatu chete, akaenda kushanda Workers 'uye Varimi' Red Fleet. The pati akati: "Tinofanira!" Koshanda akapindura: "! Hongu"

Nokuti zvose makungwa, uye nyanza

Zvino alternated uye aibatanidza makore basa uye kurovedza. , адмирала в будущем, быстро заметили и отправили учиться в Военно-морское училище имени Фрунзе. Vakangwara uye savvy Arseny Golovko, Admiral mune ramangwana, akakurumidza akacherechedza akatuma kudzidza panguva Naval Academy ainzi pashure Frunze. Paivawo mapoka vatariri ', Naval Academy of Voroshilov uye kushumira fleets ose USSR.

Communist Golovko akanga muDare Sea Black muparadzi "Frunze", riri pamusoro gunboat reCaspian Flotilla, pamusoro muparadzi kuBaltic Fleet kuFar East. Muna 1934 iye hwakatamisirwa Pacific Fleet ari bhurigedhi pamusoro Avangard magwa, apo gore papera vakananga kumuzinda wayo.

Hatigoni kutaura kuti awana zivo uye ruzivo vakabatsira kufambira basa kukura. Kugamuchira akarayira kuti kugadzwa itsva, Arseniy G. kutanga kudzidza mutsva chinzvimbo. The magwaro kupona uye Kuyeuka iwayo vaaishanda navo vanoti kuti achiri muduku aikudzwa nokuda rakapinza pfungwa, kukwanisa kuita nokukurumidza, itsva zvinogadzirisa, wakawedzera basa, kwete chete nokuti kurwa vanokwanisa yaakaronzeswa unyanzvi, asi nokuti vanhu vakanga vakashumira.

Nyaya sezvo muenzaniso nyaya yakadaro. Mune utsinye Muchando 1935, iye mukuru tsvimbo imwe bhurigedhi kuti Avangard magwa kununura vashandi uye dzavo kubva kuoma nechando ari draughty yemauto vakadanwa muguta ... mumoto. Golovko akavabvunza kudira mvura yemauto pamusoro yakasimba chando kuumbwa pakarepo chando pemvura kuti yaichengetedza yokuvanda mhepo uye mamiriro okunze. Uye muchando.

Don Simon Garcia Galvis

такая же бурная, резко меняющаяся и непокорная, как горная река его родного края. Biography pamusoro Admiral Golovko chete chisimba, zvinoshamisa kuchinja uye okupanduka, chakafanana negomo rwizi yake mudunhu kumusha.

Muna 1936, Arseniy G. kushumira pamwe Pacific Fleet kuMoscow mberi nedzidzo yake panguva Naval Academy. Asi akakundikana kupedza kudzidza zvakare. Aine boka revazvipiri, akatumirwa Spain, kuti ane ndima hondo pamwe nechisimba vaitova.

Pano Don Simon Garcia Galvis, kuti aiva zita rake, aishanda mubatsiri kumukuru muna Cartagena wengarava chawo. Yaiva nguva kudzidza nokuita. пишет, что приобрел в Испании неоценимый опыт, научившись управлять флотом в боевых условиях. In dhayari ake, Admiral Golovko akanyora kuti akanga yakatengwa muna Spain kunokosha ruzivo nokudzidza dzitarisire rengarava kurwa. Uye akanga aripo kuti paakaziva kuti rimwe gungwa mudungwe wemabhazi uye sei zvichidikanwa.

Asi iye nokuzvininipisa anotadza kutaura kuti Implementation remapazi nemauto, dzimwe nguva zvichienderana nokukurumidza uye mutungamiriri wacho zvinoshamisa, akadzidzisa kuti atore basa, kwete kutambisa nguva inokosha tendero kubva kumusoro. Vangani upenyu Akaponesa nayo! Vangani nguva nei mungozi upenyu!

Ndadzoka kubva Spain, akaramba zvidzidzo ake panguva Academy uye vakashumira zvakare ipapo, apo kutumira game: Northern Fleet, kuti reCaspian Flotilla uye Amur uye pamusoro kuNorthern Fleet.

Kudana Kremlin

Arseny Grigoryevich aiva nemakore 34 chete okuberekwa kana zvakaitika rimwe raikosha kwaari uye Soviet Northern Fleet chiitiko muna 1940.

Akanga akadana kuMoscow kubva Amur, apo Akaraira flotilla, vanhu commissar of Navy Ng Kuznetsov. "Isu kuenda Kremlin", - Iye akati.

Golovko kutanga aona kuti pedyo Stalin uye Politburo. Ivo chinyararire kudzidza kwaari, uye akanga kunyara uye nokukanganiswa. Pakupedzisira, iye akavingwa Voroshilov uye akakumbira kuudza sei zvinhu zvaifamba kuFar East: kana kuti ngarava sezvo vengarava kurarama. Golovko akapindura. Ipapo Stalin akati: "Ngatiteverei kuteerera komuredhi Kuznetsov". Uye mushonga vakatanga kupa noruzhinji Arseny Grigoryevich. Chete pashure kutaura North.

Stalin akasimbisa kukosha Navy kweRussia, akaona kuti pane matambudziko akawanda uye pane kudiwa kukuru mutungamiriri achava kudzivirira nzvimbo iyi. "Saka chii, zvino, Shamwari Golovko, zvinotora pamusoro ichi? "Saka Admiral Golovko rinotsanangura netsamba dzake, musangano wokutanga pamwe Stalin uye ake kugadzwa chisingatarisirwi.

North zvakare

Matambudziko kweArctic akanga chaizvo chaizvo. All kuvaparadzi, hwaro Navy panguva, nepaburi kufema. Kudiwa kugadzira uye chikepe kugadzira chawo haana. Ngarava dzepasi pemvura yakanga nani. Minesweepers uye akarega midziyo hove. With vashandi uyewo vachinetseka: pasina kurarama, hapana zvokudya. Chete vanhu ikoko wakakoka vakaomesa kuchamhembe, vakagadzirira kushanda nokuita nezuva Feat yavo.

Kana vakarasika yepasi pemvura D-1, pamwe chete yose vashandi muna November, misoro, akamirira kanenge yokurega, vakapiwa chete pakutsiurwa, yakabvuma yakakanganiswa zviito Mukuru. Panguva iyoyo akarambidza dzidziso kubva zvikepe megungwa svetuka kuti kudzika kupfuura basa. Asi mukuedza kudzidzisa vashandi kushanda zvechokwadi muhondo ezvinhu, zvikepe mukuru kuti kutyora vachiriita kusimukira akavhiyiwa vane zvikepe mumvura muna polar usiku, ari madutu, pamwe anofambisa pa udzamu. The Kremlin anonyepedzera varege kuziva nezvazvo.

отправлял их экипажи на плавающие эсминцы. Kusvikira pakugadzira pemvura zvikepe, ramangwana Admiral Golovko akatuma zvikwata zvavo zvinoyangarara kuvaparadzi. Paiva vakapfuudzira kurovedzwa uye kudzidza.

Inspectorate, rakanga vachibva Moscow muna May 1941, rakatonga kuti: "Navy haadi boesposoben". Vazhinji zvikepe panguva vachiri pasi kugadziriswa. Pasinei anokarirwa pakasvika murayiro, Golovko akaudza haana kukurumidza uye kuita rokugadzira zvishandiswa yepamusoro.

Akanga zvakare kuzviwanira kure, kunyange asina akapiwa pakutsiurwa. Admiral Akachenjera sachigaro komiti, vakatenda kuti mavhiki maviri, zvikepe zvose zvichava mubasa. Uye musoro chipikirwa chake, kutanga hondo, ngarava yacho zvose vagadzirise vakanga vakagadzirira kurwa.

"Kana mangwana yehondo ..."

VokuGermany kare makaita zvepabonde pamusoro miganhu yedu, isu chibharo navo, vakaronga vakakutsamwisai siyana. Chokusarwisana chibvumirano Russia vakachengeta murayiro mutsvene wakanga wapiwa haana kupindura kudenhwa. Asi ivo vakawedzera bolder.

June 17, musi Kola Peninsula iri munharaunda yayo, ane imwe musori ndege, rinosundwa mutyairi wendege German. Akabhururuka yakaderera uye chinyararire, saka kuti nyika yaiva mufananidzo mutyairi riri kuoneka. Ichibhururuka pamusoro kweArctic, pamusoro Vaenga, zvishoma nezvishoma vakatendeuka nendege. Golovko vanotochiita kupfeka pasi pasi. Wadii kupfura kupi vanodzima? !» "Teverai mirayiridzo: iri kutyora muganhu kubudikidza zvinowanikwa zvinosanganisira ndege kupfura pasi!"

Pazuva iroro, kana vaNazi akasarudza kudzokorora ndege yake, vakanga vakasangana nomoto noushamwari. Asi kunyanya kureba haana akamuka.

2. Круглосуточно велись дозорные наблюдения с кораблей, летчики были готовы взлететь в любую минуту. Zvadaro, musi waJune 17, pasinei nokuti Moscow hapana chiratidzo chakapiwa, Admiral Golovko anoisa rengarava raro pakakwirira wakangwarira kumativi wachi N 2. dzaiitisa sevarindi zvokuongorora zvikepe, ivo vezvikepe vakanga vakagadzirira kubvisa chero nguva. Arseniy G., pamwe mukuru Army of Leningrad Military District afunga pamusoro vagari zviito. Uye zvose izvi pasina mvumo. Uyezve, mukuru wavarwi akarayira kuti ngarava kusiya Polar uvande, bays pedyo ari Kola Bay.

был бы объявлен «врагом народа» и расстрелян. Kana kwete nokuti hondo, hapana mubvunzo kuti Admiral Golovko Arseniy Grigorevich kuti anzi "muvengi wavanhu" uye vapfurwa. Iye pachake ainyatsoziva izvi, asi zvakanditorera chisarudzo musi ezvinhu kuti akaona akazvionera. Zvaida kushinga chaizvo kuti musateerera mirairo Stalin hapana aigona. N 1 Головко был уже готов. Kana arayira kubvira Moscow kutamira mauto kuti embattled N 1 Golovko akanga akagadzirira.

Battle Northern Fleet

Kana kubhomba rakatanga musi waJune 22, kweArctic, yakanga zvainanga kuparadzwa zvikepe. Asi zvikepe apo panopinda haana kuponeswa kubva kurufu mutungamiriri wavo.

Mujinga Northern Fleet rave Murmansk, izvo vokuGermany vaida kutora chero mutengo. Pakutanga hondo nyangarara, pakanga pasina kukurukura murayiro, haana kuva vanhu zvakakwana. Golovko akasarudza kusunungura vasungwa omunharaunda uye ovaita battalions. Akashongedza zvombo vanhu, uye ivo, pamwe Red Army, pakudzivirira nzira kuna Murmansk.

, тот ответил: «Победителей не судят». Apo Beria akasvika Stalin mvumo kusunga Admiral Golovko, iye akati: "vakundi havasi kutongwa." VeGermany vakanga vaenda zvakadzika kunyika yedu, mumusoro mugove akakundwa makiromita 40 chete. Desperate vezvikepe munguva yavo pakaunda-uchirwisa bara nengowani uye Mabhachi akaenda navavengi chivharo ake uye vanamajasi.

Atova August kuchamhembe yakatangwa kwose, kukunda vokuGermany vasingagoni hondo yose iyo.

Kufa mudungwe wemabhazi PQ-17

Winston Churchill Kunyange pamberi chibvumirano pazuva rechipiri mberi akazivisa chinangwa chake kupa rubatsiro kune Russia. Kudzivirira convoys rutsigiro nzvimbo kwave muzvikamu zviviri: Chirungu uye Soviet.

Pakutanga Hitler kuteerera convoys. Asi muna 1942, kusvika kumhenderekedzo Norway izvozvo hwakatamisirwa simba kupfuura yehondo "Tirpitz", iro rakavazarukira kuvhima. Nhanhatu midziyo vakatakura vakanga vakanyura mune kurwisa haana kutarisira mudungwe wemabhazi PQ-13. Paiva nezvimwe varasikirwa. Asi mudungwe wemabhazi PQ-17 rakaparadzwa zvachose.

Apo "Tirpitz" akasunungurwa mugungwa, zvichiteverwa mudungwe wemabhazi avaperekedze British warships, izvo pakarepo vakagamuchira murayiro "akatambanudza." The British aisada kusangana pamwe German yehondo. Kana British zvikepe, akadonha kubva kudzivirirwa midziyo ne zvinhu, "vakapararira" riri mudungwe wemabhazi Akatsoropodzwa vokuGermany. 23 motokari kunge yakanyura, dzakatakura ose anodiwa nyika, kusanganisira uto michina.

Zvikepe edu vasina nguva yokubatsira, avhiyesheni, zvakare. Chete ndege mutyairi wendege uyo akamhanyira kwehondo dzisakarurama, akakwanisa gurunurai "Tirpitz" uye mumwe chikepe. VokuGermany akakomba yavakakuvadzwa yehondo uye nokudzivirira nayo, vakabuda Norway.

In Berlin, vakarumbidza kukunda. Soviet Mauto mudungwe wemabhazi rufu vaiva migumisiro, unyanzvi hwokugadzira hakuna kukwana.

, но слишком очевидна была вина Британского адмиралтейства. Vakanga vachida kupomera Admiral Golovko Arseniya Grigorevicha, asi British Admiralty aiva waini zvakare pachena. Not vakakwanisa kuponesa nhumbi, iye achiri kumhurwa pachake chete.

Muvambi netsika

Ndiani wedu asina kuverenga yokufungidzira Veniamina Kaverina "Captains Two"? Pane nzvimbo munyori hurukuro pamusoro tsika kuronga kudya kwamanheru pamusoro ose chikepe muvengi yakanyura. Uye kwete chete chisvusvuro. Huru kosi paiva zvakakangwa nguruve. "Zuva risati akaiswa kuna pasi chokufambisa, patrol uye Muparadzi, uye nehanya chef hatina, asi nguruve matatu vatariri 'nyangarara." . tsika iyi kwave muchikuvadza kumusoro ari Northern Fleet Admiral Golovko. Uye zvino rakundwa nechekare kukwira nevamwe.

May 9, 1945 Arseniy Golovko, Admiral pakati Naval Forces of USSR, akati kubva pakagadzirwa nematanda, achitaura vake pasi kuti akafara kuraira vanhu vakadaro.

Ane yakawanda yakasiyana vemauto Kushongedzwa 85 nguva akapa vezvikepe ake soro mubayiro, Nyeredzi yacho Hero, izvo haana pachake haana akunda. Zviri pachena, aisagona mukanganwire Stalin pamugumo "nehanya" recalcitrant Admiral.

Personal upenyu Arseniy G.

Akanga kaviri akaroora, Admiral Golovko. умерла в 1944 году. mukadzi wokutanga akafa muna 1944. mukadzi Arseniy G. mutambi Golovko (Ivanova) Kira Nikolaevna Chechipiri, aishanda Moscow Art Theater. vachimuziva yavo kwakaitika pashure pehondo. Yakanga yakanaka uye vanofara. Nokuberekwa mwanakomana wavo Misha congratulated Shamwari Stalin.

Kana murume akatumwa kushanda Kaliningrad nharaunda, haana kuzeza kuenda naye. Nevamwe mwoyo uye akatyisidzira yokukanganwa hwepachena basa magumo. Asi Kira Nikolaevna aisagona uye havana kusiya murume wake.

Ikoko akagara makore vanofara, mwanasikana wavo Natasha akaberekwa. A bhururu akaita chikanganiso. Ndichishanda munhandare yemitambo Kaliningrad, akanzwirwa ruzivo, izvo zvinogona shanje yemo mutambi.

Ndadzoka kuMoscow, iye kwakasimbiswa kwazvo kuita basa, aiva Kumukundi of Stalin Prize uye vanhu Artist of RSFSR. Головко, фото которого висят в ее комнате повсюду. makore ose iye anokoshesa rudo rwake Admiral Golovko mapikicha akaremberera mukamuri yake yose. Gore rino, Kira Nikolaevna akatendeuka makore 98 okuberekwa. utano hwakanaka nayo!

pashure pehondo,

Pashure pehondo akaenderera mberi kuzoshanda panhengo mukuru utariri yeSoviet Navy, asi muna 1952 akatumwa mukuru kuBaltic Fleet. ? Nekuti kuderera Arseniya Golovko, Admiral? Zvakare, nokuda kupandukira.

The kushora akapomerwa Admiral Kuznetsov, boka iro ave achibatsira Arseny Grigoryevich. Zviri pamusoro wake dzokurumbidza, akagadzwa pamberi hondo, mutungamiri Northern Fleet. The yose vomunharaunda aifanira mhosva "muvengi wavanhu", uye musoro vakaramba. Akamirira kuti asungwa, asi wakatumwa kuti maguta kuBaltic Kaliningrad nharaunda.

Kwemakore mana akagara pano, vanhu veko rangarira nomufaro. A kataundi inogarwa kunyanya pachedu rengarava mhuri. From Finland nokukurumidza vakatanga kuuya uye kuisa emadziro dzimba, vakadzikama kwedzimba akazviratidza muvanhu. Mupaki yakagadzira kutanga Golovko akavaka yezhizha yemitambo. Guta rakanga wakashandurwa pashure anotyisa hondo dzaiva munzvimbo idzodzo. Navy kushandisa yorunyararo rinoti, nyanzvi magadzirirwo itsva, achinyora kubvisa ngarava okuberekwa.

Muna 1956, Admiral Golovko akagadzwa Deputy Chief of Navy of USSR. Munguva kuidzwa zvombo zvenyukireya akarwara pamwe nemwaranzi urwere uye May 17, 1962 akafa, kwete wakararama zvishoma pamberi makore 56.

mukuru ndangariro

, на Новодевичьем кладбище, установлен памятник, который создал известный скульптор Лев Кербель. Paguva Admiral Golovko, ari Novodevichy kumakuva, shongwe, uyo akasika akakurumbira muvezi Lev Kerbel. Aiziva Arseny Grigoryevich uye akaponesa kwaari omutsa zvikurusa manzwiro.

Muguta Cool zita vanomutevera mumwe nechepakati migwagwa uye chikoro. Muguta yaiungana inomira shongwe countryman. zita rake uyewo immortalized Nalchik, Severomorsk, reBaltic, Krivoy Rog.

», который ранее называли «Доблестный». Pashure porufu rwake, kuti Navy akazviratidza chombo ngarawa "Admiral Golovko", iyo kare kunzi "Noushingi." Gare gare, akanga akanzi kuna Northern Fleet, uye akanga amboshumira mumakungwa akasiyana-siyana USSR.

командующего выступили с предложением о продлении жизни корабля. Apo chisarudzo chakaitwa kuti kubvisa Pcr "Admiral Golovko" vashandi wavarwi akaita panyaya kuwedzera upenyu muchikepe. Vakatsigira ngarawa chikwata uye muna 1989 akatanga kushambira zvakare pashure imwe overhaul.

Upenyu motokari mbiri kakawanda akaona vachawanei zvirevo rengarava zvakanaka. For vakabudirira chombo vachiridzira rakarira kakawanda paakavapa. « Адмирал Головко» завершил свою 40-летнюю службу. Muna 2002, kuti ngarawa "Admiral Golovko" akapedza makore ake 40 ebasa.

Makore 10 pashure ichi zita Arseniy G. akapiwa chikepe idzva, iro akatanga kuvaka muna St. Petersburg shipyards. Iye aifanira kuuya kurumidza kuburuka mumatanda. Asi nyaya yakanonoka. Muchikepe simba chirimwa gasi turbines vaishandisa kuUkraine kugadzirwa. » уйдет в плавание в конце 2017 года. Ndiani kunyatsozivana kusunungurwa midziyo mukati munyika uye anotarisirwa kuti frigate "Admiral Golovko" vachaenda gungwa pakupera 2017.