Mutauro Danish, arufabheti uye mataurirwo

Danish kwagara chokuita kukunda zvikuru VaViking. nemagariro nhaka Great munyika - ndiro dzisina zita inobereka. A dzakawanda tumitauro, uyewo kupokana kutaura uye kunyora, kune rumwe rutivi, kunoita kuti zviome kudzidza, Ukuwo, kukwezva vachiwedzera achida kudzidza Danish. Pasinei nokuti dzimwe nguva zvinoita monotonous uye anononoka, kuti vokuDenmark vanozvikudza pamusoro payo uye funga izvozvo chaizvo nyoro uye nyama.

Provenance

mutauro Danish akanga chokuita mitauro eGermany uye ndiye mukuru muumambo. Akatanga kuva kuMiddle Ages. Nokufamba ayo kukura, izvozvo anosanganisa mitauro yakawanda Air, uye akauya pasi pokudzora Low tumitauro German. Kutanga kubva XVII remakore vakatanga kupinza mashoko mutauro French, uye gare gare kubva Chirungu. Munguva Danish akapfuma kare. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kubereka kwakaitika III Millennium BC, kutaura ichi Runes yekare, akawana gare gare munyika. Danish runobva kuna Old mutauro Odin. Panguva apo Viking Resettlement rakatanga, zvakanzi muzvikamu zviviri: East Air uye West Air. Kubva boka rokutanga pashure akaumba Danish uye Swedish, uye wechipiri - the Icelandic uye Norwegian.

At mumwoyo mutauro Danish rakanyorwa riri Latin, mutauro iyo woga dzimwe tsamba. Zvisati aishandisa Runes, vaiva vokutanga Zvivako munyika zvakanyorwa. Shoko "Rune" rinoshandurwa kubva Old Odin rinoreva "chakavanzika zivo." VokuDenmark akafunga kuti kuchinjwa ruzivo kuburikidza vacho neimwe nzira yakafanana mashiripiti setsika. Vapristi vaiva n'anga vanenge paakangoziva vaiziva sei kuzvishandisa. Vakashandisa Runes Fortune Kuudza uye kupira. Izvi zvakakwanisika nokuti mumwe Rune aiva zita yayo, uchiiswa inokosha. Kunyange zvazvo nyanzvi dzemitauro maonero akasiyana. Ivo vanoti mashoko aya yakatorwa kubva Sanskrit.

The nharaunda nokuparadzirwa

The chikuru nzvimbo nokuparadzirwa vanonzi Danish Canada, Denmark, Germany, Sweden, kuti Faroe Islands uye Greenland. Hazvina rurimi mai vanopfuura mamiriyoni 5 vanhu uye ndiyo inonyanya nzvimbo yechipiri muna Air tumitauro boka. Kusvikira makore 40s aiva mukuru muNorway uye Iceland. Pari zviri kudzidzwa Icelandic vechikoro sezvo yechipiri kubatanidzwa. Chero munhu anoziva chero mutauro European, zvichava nyore kuti kudzidza Danish nekuda hombe zvazvinoita kuti tumitauro German.

To musi, pamusoro Danish mungozi. Pasinei nokuti mitauro Air dzakakurumbira chaizvo uye vakawanda vanhu vakati kwavari, mutauro Chirungu kuchinja zvikuru maumbirwo yavo. Kana ari Denmark, chokwadi ndechokuti mabhuku akawanda anodhindwa pano riri Chirungu. Products nezvehurukuro uyewo mumutauro uyu. Zvidzidzo muzvikoro vanosarudza kuzviita, uye kunyora chinyorwa nesayenzi, zvakare. On kunharaunda Denmark, Council kuti mutauro Danish, nhengo dziri achiyambirawo. Kana asina kutora chinhu, shure vaviri emakore Danish nyore zvachose.

General zvechadenga mutauro

Air mitauro boka rinosanganisira Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish uye Danish. Last kupfuura vamwe havatani kuchinja. Zviri nokuda Fani iyi Danish zvakaoma kunzwisisa uye kudzidza. VomuNorway, yeSweden vokuDenmark zviri nyore chaizvo kunzwisisa mumwe nemhaka zvavo Proto. Mashoko akawanda ari kutaura vanhu ava vakaita, uye vazhinji vavo vari inodzokororwa pasina kuchinja zvaanoreva. By kurerutsa mamiriro ayo Danish Morphology akava akafanana nemamiriro mutauro Chirungu.

tumitauro

Around mugore 1000 iri remutauro kune zvarakasiya kubva kugamuchirwa ndozvakajairwa panguva, uye yakakamurwa kuva namatavi matatu: skoysky, Zealand uye Jutland. mutauro Danish - mutauro mnogodialektny. Danish rinobatanidza vazhinji pazvitsuwa (Zealand, fyunsky), Jutland (kuchamhembe-mabvazuva, south-kumavirira) tumitauro. Pasinei akapfuma nhoroondo, mutauro chaiko yakaumbwa pano chete pakupera XVIII remakore. Kwakavakirwa Zeelandic. Tumitauro ataura vanhu, kunyanya vanogara kumaruwa. tumitauro All wakasiyana vose vaishandisa mashoko uye girama. Vakawanda mashoko akataurwa tumitauro vasingazivi vanhu refu ajaira dzose mabhuku chaiwo.

arufabheti

Danish arufabheti rine mabhii 29, vakawanda vavo vari haawaniki mumutauro wokuRussia, saka vanyatsodudza kunoda basa.

madudziro

VokuDenmark vanouti "mutauro zvikuru melodic." Danish inozivikanwa oma kurira vakawanda nyoro mavhawero zviri kutaurwa dzimwe nguva zvakaoma. Somugumisiro, mashoko havasi nzira zvakanyorwa. Musiyano pakati mavhawero havagoni kunzwa mumwe. Vanogona kuva refu, pfupi, akazaruka uye namahwindo. "Kusundira" - rinokosha chaizvo chinhu kunozivisa mutauro. Danish angaita kwete musoro nokuti chiitiko ichi. Chokwadi chokuti hapana nhangaruvanze mumitauro yakawanda. It kunoratidzwa pfupi chidzivaidzo mhepo kuyerera apo kutaura shoko. On tsamba, haana akaratidza. In Russian Fani iyi inogona kuonekwa ezita rokuti "dzisiri A". VokuDenmark pachavo havasi kurishandisa zvakanaka, uye zvinoita kuti mutauro Danish chinotonyanya kuvhiringidza.

girama

Kwete rudzi ose anozvikudza kuti ane akapfuma kare. On sechivako mimwe mitauro ano akasiya rayo chiratidzo chikuru mutauro Air. mutauro Danish mune imwe nemamiriro inopiwa nyaya. emazita zhinji zvinogona kureva zvakananga genera maviri, uye mamiriro avo chose hwusingapfuuriri. Adjectives vanobvumirana emazita pauwandu uye munhui. Vaitaura vanowanzova mbiri-chidimbu. Hurongwa mashoko mumutsetse ingava yakananga uye harungashandurwi. Direct kuti mashoko akashandiswa declarative mitongo, interrogative, apo mubvunzo shoko rinowanika kuva panzvimbo. Harungashandurwi murayiro mashoko anogona kushandiswa mune declarative mitongo, uye mune interrogative uye zvinokosha.

Morphology

Danish emazita vane munhurume, nhamba uye nyaya, nyaya. Last rinozivisa nhamba uye munhui yacho pazita. Ane kuchisazitasingwi uye muuzhinji, uye mhando kunogona kugoveranwa, uye avhareji. The chipauro anogona kuva nechokwadi uye hainyatsozivikanwi. Kana chipauro kujeka, izvozvo zvinowirirana nepfungwa pazita iri nhamba uye munhui. The rechiito rine nguva uye mafungiro mari yechibatiso. Vanosvika 8 Danish nguva Mapato, 2 izvo basa ramangwana, 2 - ramangwana kare, ikozvino, ikozvino rakapera, zvekare uye pluperfect.

Mune Kunyange zvazvo kwakabva emazita dzinobatanidzwa magumo uye kuchinja mudzi nzvanyira. Chinowedzera ndicho nzira risinganyatsozivikanwi kuti rakabva papi. Zvakadaro zvingaitika achishandisa kuwedzera suffixes kumusoro, vachibvisa suffixes kana kutendeuka. The Danish nyore kuumba pfungwa itsva.