Nzira shoko inotungamirwa muna Russian

mutauro Russian - the Chiitiko of kusingaperi, vakagwinya. Iye pakarepo ikasakendenga kuitika. The mutauro kunoramba kuumba mashoko matsva, pfungwa akwegura enda, uye ipapo vanogona kudzokera mutauro mutsva chinangwa. Izvi zvakaitika Somuenzaniso, shoko mberi. It chabva mutauro, pamwe kunyangarika ballet. Zvisinei, munguva perestroika, apo akatanga kuva voga tekisi, shoko kare ataura mutauro. Nhasi, ari maguta akawanda, saka akadana vatyairi tekisi zvisiri pamutemo.

Sezvo mashoko yakaumbwa mumutauro weRussia? risinganyatsozivikanwi kuti rakabva papi dzinoshandiswa zvakasiyana. In mutauro wokuRussia pane mana makuru nzira, chimwe nechimwe chine gradations ayo uye zvinhu.

1. kupfuura zvibereko kwete chete Russian, asiwo mumitauro yose necheSalvic anonzi nzira morphological. Kunosanganisira pakusikwa mashoko matsva vachishandisa morpheme. Inside nayo, pane mhando dzakawanda shoko inotungamirwa kushandisa morpheme. Morpheme anonziwo anogutsa shoma chairema mutauro muzvibereko murwiyo mashoko ane eigenvalue. Kubva nemaonero ichi, kuti morphological nzira shoko inotungamirwa rakakamurwa:

• Prefixed apo namira kunotangira yose mudzi. (Nguva dzose - nokusingaperi, runako - vakanaka chaizvo, enda - enda, chiedza - utonga).
• Suffix. Namira anomira mushure mudzi, uye wanamatira chawo. (Work - vanoshanda, achinyora - kunyora, Weaver - kurukiswa, vakanaka - akanaka).
• Prefixed-suffixed nzira risinganyatsozivikanwi kuti rakabva papi, sezvo zita rinoreva, shoko itsva inoumbwa mawa aida nechigadziko chivakashure uye postfix. (Window - sill, kunyora - chiratidzo, vanowira - mu mumatsutso). The anowanzodanwa kuumbwa sezvo verbs (kufamba - mari), emazita (chando - snowdrop).
• Bessuffiksny nzira shoko inotungamirwa ndechokuti shoko "runodzingira" uye kuguma suffix. Kakawanda, saka-aumba kungonyaradza emazita. (Heating - kudziyisa, Bran - vachipika). Asi pane dzimwe nzira (paupamhi - noupamhi, vatema - black).
• Uyezve. Mashoko anogona kuva kuumbwa nokuwedzera mashoko rose (mubhedha-pasofa, foni Dumba), shoko madzinde (muhoro, yokurovedza muviri), achishandisa unobatanidza nzvanyira (steelworker, Pathfinder), kubva kwokutanga tsamba (MSU, motokari mapurisa, Theater kuti Young People, bonde).

Pane dzimwe nzira shoko inotungamirwa.

2. lexical-kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro. Muchiitiko chino, aizivikanwa shoko, sezvo vakaparadzana kupinda homonyms (zvakasiyana zvakunoreva asi zvakafanana emashoko kana chiperengo neshoko). Nzira iyi - unoshamisa nokusimbisa dynamism mutauro sezvo kutanga. The semantics veshoko shanduko, nekuti pamwe dzakasiyana zvichirehwa zvakawanda mashoko kukukurwa kana kubatana kwavo akarasika pamusoro nguva. (Boxer - mutambi imbwa, Ester - uye rokuti gasi nhepfenyuro, ruka - chombo, rwizi chirukwa hadzi bvudzi, chipanji - kirasi invertebrates chigadzirwa furo).

3. Morphological uye syntactic, umo shoko "kuchinja" mukukurukurirana. (In ƈ iyi (adj) mumba -. Bathroom (pazita), aizikirimu, keke.).

4. Lexical nemarongerwo, izvo zvinoita kuti pave shoko itsva kubatanidzwa nomumwe mbiri "wekare" (chando, zvino, chinguva).

Nzira dzose idzi risinganyatsozivikanwi kuti rakabva papi hunhu Russian uye necheSalvic mitauro, ivo kunobatsira kutsivira mashoko. Zvisinei, kwete chete rekuUnited mashoko nekuzadzisa duramazwi.

Zvakakodzera kutaura chinhu chakadai nokukwereta nemamwe mitauro. Fani iyi, rumwe rutivi, ane chokuita neshoko-inotungamirwa. Ukuwo, nokushandisa chikwereti mashoko matsva (kunyanya anotaurwa mutauro) kazhinji kuumbwa kutevera nzira shoko inotungamirwa. Saka pakanga kombiyuta (chako kombiyuta) nokupenya nemotokari (kubva nokupenya kadhi).

Word inotungamirwa, uyewo mimwe akaturikidzana mutauro, zvakajeka normalized. Dzemunharaunda mudzidziso maduramazwi, mabhuku, ushe mabhuku.