Clichés uye kantselyarizm: mienzaniso mashoko mumutauro weRussia

Munyaya ino tichataura pamusoro pfungwa iyi mutauro se "kantselyarizm". Mienzaniso dzinokosha zvivako uye yezvinoreva kushandisa ichi mitauro chakajairika ichakurukurwa nesu zvakawanda.

In Russian kantselyarizmy rinoreva mitauro boka, sezvo clichés. Naizvozvo, isu anofanira kunzwisisa kutanga kworudzi chinhu.

Chii clichés

Tinotanga nokuongorora kupfuura kakawanda zvikanganiso zvinoitwa nevasina tsamba uye kukurukura.

Stamps uye kantselyarizmy (mienzaniso izvo zvichakurukurwa pazasi) vari pedyo pedyo zvinodyidzana. More chaizvo, tiri kukurukura mitauro chinoshamisa mumwe mhando inoratidza (ichi izwi rinoreva mashoko uye mashoko anowanzoshandiswa, nemhaka iyo vakarasikirwa ukoshi hwavo). Naizvozvo, magadzirirwo kwakadaro anongoti wakaremedza mukurukuri uye matauriro vanoonekwa wandisa.

Stamps mashoko uye zvirevo, yaiwanzoshandiswa pakutaura. Kazhinji, izvi mitauro mananara vasina specificity. Somuenzaniso, mashoko turnover kuti "musangano wakaitwa panguva zvepamusoro pamwero" rinoshandiswa pachinzvimbo kuunza hwakadzama mushumo pamusoro chiitiko.

Chii kantselyarizmy muchiRussia? mienzaniso

In mutauro wokuRussia pane nhamba mashoko, kushandiswa uko kuonekwa akakodzera chete neimwe nzira yokutaura. Mashoko ava kantselyarizmy. Izwi iri rinonzi shoko, zvivakamutauro zvakagadzirwa uye zvitarisiko, uye zvirevo, kushandiswa uko enshrined mumutauro chaiko iri mukuru-bhizimisi maitiro. Muenzaniso: apindire, vanofanira, basa hauna mari, mutakurire kunze kuzvidzora uye zvichingodaro.

zviratidzo kantselyarizmov

zvino isu havatsananguri unhu mashoko aya uye tarisa mienzaniso.

Kantselyarizmy - shoko pamutemo Style, asi vamwe pane kuti, vane uwandu evasingatombonamati kwomutauro zviratidzo. Pakati pavo vane:

• Kushandisa kutukana emazita: bessufiksalnyh (kuba, kusona, nguva kure); suffixed (kubatwa, kuonekwa, ridzai-kuwana).
• Kuzvitsinhanisa nyore rinoumba chezita Predicate rechiito (kukamurwa Predicate). Somuenzaniso: chido kuratidza - pachinzvimbo kuda kutora chisarudzo - pachinzvimbo kusarudza kubatsira - pachinzvimbo kubatsira.
• Kushandisa denominative Zvireva mwene. Somuenzaniso: ari chikamu mutsetse, chaizvoizvo, kuti kero muchikamu, mumunda, nokuda, maererano Chokwadi, nenhanho.
• Stringing nyaya, kazhinji genitive. Somuenzaniso, mamiriro ezvinhu anodiwa kusimudza padanho vazive vemo munharaunda.
• Kutsiva basa kune pusa nokukurumidza. Somuenzaniso, kushingaira turnover isu makasimbisa - the pusa pakagadzwa yakanga kuitwa nesu.

Nei asina kushandisa kantselyarizmami?

Kantselyarizmy uye clichés (mienzaniso zvinoratidza ichi), yaiwanzoshandiswa pakutaura, kutungamirira chokwadi kuti anorasikirwa mufananidzo yayo, expressiveness, conciseness uye munhu akazvimiririra. Izvi zvinoita kuti tibvunze kuti zvinotevera zvikanganiso:

• A musanganiswa siyana. Somuenzaniso: pashure chiedza mvura yakanaya sezvo mvura pamusoro dziva pakubwinya kwayo zvose chikapenya muraraungu.
• The unoreva zvakawanda, izvo ipai kumuka kungonyaradza emazita. Somuenzaniso, mashoko okuti "mashoko Professor" rinogona kunzwisiswa se "purofesa nharo," uye sei "muzvinafundo anoti."
• Verbosity, kutaura weighting. Somuenzaniso: nokuda kuvandudzika basa siyana vanofanira yekudyidzana awedzere turnover iri wezvokutengeserana uye hurumende muzvitoro.

Kantselyarizm, mienzaniso zvatakandorwira kukurukurwa, izvozvo kuwana mufananidzo, anotaurisa, inogutsa. Sezvo ivo anowanzoshandiswa mashoko pamwe vakadzima lexical chinangwa nekusvibisa zita expressivity.

Kazhinji, kushandisa inoratidza vanowanzotevedzera venhau. Saka, nenzira journalistic werudzii , mashoko akadaro anowanika zvikurukuru kakawanda.

Mashoko api anotaura kantselyarizmam

Inotarisira sezvingatarisirwa chete hwezuva nezuva pakutaura kantselyarizm. Mienzaniso kushandisa kutaura kuti kazhinji mazwi aya anoshandiswa nevamwe zvitaera hwekutaura, iro sechinhu ine manyorero chikanganiso. Kudzivirira kuri kutsauka zvakadaro, zvinokosha kuziva chaizvo shoko rinoreva kantselyarizmam.

Saka kantselyarizmy inogona dzinoratidzwa:

• Zvekare mutambo: ainzi, vechibharo dzataurwa pamusoro apa, mutakuri ichi, vanofanira, kuti vade, muzana se.
• Panguva iyoyowo kantselyarizmy kunogona zvachero-kusununguka: muti (hurukuro kwazvo.), Inzwai, kufambira mberi, dambanemazwi, chaizvo, kuitika.
• Ipa hurukuro kwaitanga-bhizimisi ruvara emazita zvinobva verbs nemashoko anotevera suffixes: -, ut, -AT, -ani, -eni: danho, achitora kuwanikwa; bessufiksalnye: zuva kure, hijacking, kusona, vakabhadhara, cherechedzo; mashoko ane vanzwisisa inonyaradza, vasiri: dzavaisakwanisa kuona, risingaoneki shortfalls, dziviriro.
• Mukuwedzera, nhamba emazita, PARTICIPLE, adverbs, verbs uye adjectives shwashwa ane wakaoma nemafungiro zvebhizimisi yokukurukurirana. Somuenzaniso: bato, mutengi, kuti nemhosva, wechikoro, muridzi, munhu, mudonzvo mushumo, munhu, vabate, achiuya pakarepo, pasina muripo, kuva, kuva, kuva.
• Official mabhizimisi dziberekane yakasiyana nenhamba basa mashoko: mu kero yacho, yakavakirwa, uye zvichingodaro. Somuenzaniso: maererano chibvumirano, maererano kugumiswa chibvumirano, kana kukundikana kutevedza chibvumirano, sezvo zvokutsvakurudza uye zvichingodaro.
• By yakafanana turnover zvinosanganisira zvinoumba zvinhu: zvokudya, kuchengeteka masangano, motokari, voruzhinji kwemauto, nedzenyu ukama.

Umo nyaya zvakakodzera kushandisa shoko rokuti "kantselyarizm"

Kantselyarizmy (mienzaniso mashoko, isu ngarira zvakadzama pamusoro), maererano mitemo mutauro chaiko inofanira kushandiswa chete chepamutemo-bhizimisi maitiro. Ipapo tichimhanya haamiri kubuda tikafunga acho.

The chaizvo chete rokuti "kantselyarizm" zvakakodzera kushandisa chete nyaya apo mashoko uye zvikamu zvemashoko akadai anoshandiswa womumwe maitiro. Zvino zvava kufara, yepamutemo hunhu, zviri kunyimwa Manzwiro, simba, Akasununguka uye nyore.

Kantselyarizmy sezvo manyorero kugamuchira

Asi hazvina nguva dzose kunoitwa kutadza kutaura kantselyarizm. Mienzaniso unyanzvi mabasa anoratidza kuti mashoko uye zvirevo kazhinji zvakadai dzinoshandiswa sezvo manyorero mabiko. Somuenzaniso, nokuti inzwi unhu gamba.

Writers vanowanzoshandisa kantselyarizmami kuumba chinosetsa kushanda. Somuenzaniso, Zoshchenko, Chekhov, Saltykov-Shchedrin, Ilf uye Petrov. Somuenzaniso, mashoko Saltykov-Shchedrin - "... wairambidza maziso gouged panze, wonditorera musoro akarumwa kubvisa mhino"; Chekhov - "rokuurayira waiva mugumisiro unonyura."

Kantselyarizmy (mienzaniso mashoko zvatakurukura nezvedzinza) muRussia asvika mukuru pamwero munguva kurega kunotanga, apo ivo kupinda munzvimbo dzose dzine kutaura, kunyange kusanganisira mhuri. Muenzaniso uyu kamwe zvakare zvinopupurira yokuti mutauro chinoratidza zvose kuchinja kuitika munyika uye nzanga.