Mukuru akamira paUgra - sezvazvaive

Kumira paUgra kwakatungamirira kusununguko rwaRus kubva pajoko reMongol. Nyika haina kungozvisunungura kubva pamutoro wakaremera, asi muEuropean yemaine mutambi mutsva akaonekwa, umambo hweMoscow. Russia yakasununguka muzviito zvayo.

Muchikamu chechipiri chezana remakore rechi15, nzvimbo ye Golden Horde yakanyanyisa kuderedzwa nekukakavara kwepfungwa. Pfuma yehurumende, iyo yakazadzikiswa nemutero weMoscow chete uye kuparadza kune dzimwe nyika dzakapoteredza, yakanga isina chinhu. Kushaya simba kweHorde kunoratidzwa nekupambwa kweViatka ushkuynyk pamusoro-soroi - Sarai, iyo yakapambwa zvachose uye yakapiswa. Mukupindura kwekunyadzisa kweKay , Akhmat akatanga kugadzirira hondo yekuranga maRussia. Uye panguva imwe chete uye uzadza mabhokisi asina chinhu. Mugumisiro wemushandirapamwe uyu waiva Great Stand paRwizi Ugra muna 1480.

Muna 1471, pamusoro weuto guru, Ahmat akapinda muRussia. Asi zvose zvinopfuura nechokumusoro kweRwizi rweOka zvakanga zvakadzivirirwa nemauto eMoscow. Zvadaro maMongolia akakomba guta remuganhu weAlexksin. Kuputika kweguta kwakanyadziswa nevadziviriri vake. Ipapo vatatari vakakomba masvingo emapuranga nemabharishi nemashizha, ndokubva vaisa moto kwavari. Varwi veRussia, vamire kune rumwe rutivi rworwizi, havana kumbobvira vabatsira guta raipisa. Mushure memoto, maMongol akabva aenda kumakumbo. Mukupindura kumushandirapamwe weAhitmat, Moscow yakaramba kubhadhara mutero kuna Horde.

Ivan III akatungamirira sangano rekune dzimwe nyika rinoshanda. Kubatana kwehondo kwakapedzwa neCrimean Khan Mengli-Girey, uyo Horde akaita nekumhanya kwenguva refu. Vadzidzi vepececine mukati me Golden Golden Horde vakabvumira Rus kugadzirira hondo yakawanda.

Nguva yekufamba kwaRussia Ahmat yakatora zvakanaka. Panguva ino, Ivan III akarwisana nevanun'una vake Boris Volotsky naAndrey the Great, avo vakanga vasingadi kuwedzera simba reMukuru weMoscow. Chikamu chemauto chakakanganiswa munyika yeP Pskov, uko kurwisana neRivonian Order yakagadzirwa. Uyewo, Golden Horde akapedzisa kubatana kwehondo nePoland Mambo Casimir IV.

Mumugumo we 1480, Khan Akhmat neuto guru rakapinda munyika yeRussia. Mukupindura kwekupinda kwevaTatars, Ivan III akatanga kutarisa mauto pedyo nemhenderekedzo yeOka River. Pakupera kwaSeptember, vakoma vaTar vakamira kurwisana naMoscow uye, pavakagamuchira kukanganwirwa, vakapinda muchiuto chekuchamhembe kweMoscow. Hondo yeMongolia yakatenderera munyika yeLithuania nyika, ichida kubatana naCasimir IV. Asi iye akarwiswa neCrimean Tatars, uye haana kukwanisa kuuya kununura. Vatatari vakatanga kugadzirira kuyambuka. Nzvimbo yacho yakasarudzwa pamakiromita mashanu akatenderera pedyo nekutenderera kwehova Ugra naRossynka. Hondo yekuyambuka yakatanga musi waOctober 8 ndokupedza mazuva mana. Panguva ino, mauto eRussia akashandisa zvombo zvekutanga kwekutanga. Kurwiswa kweMongolian kwakanyadziswa, vakamanikidzwa kudzokera mazamu mashoma kubva murwizi, uye Great Stand paUgra yakatanga.

Nhaurirano haina kutungamirira kune chero mhinduro. Hakuna rumwe rutivi rwakanga rwuchida kubvuma. Ivan III akaedza kutora nguva. Akamira parwizi Ugra akaenderera mberi, hakuna munhu akatya kupinda mumhirizhonga yakasimba. VaMongol, vachishuva kufamba, vakasiya guta ravo risina kuvharwa, uye musasa mukuru weRussia waifamba uchienda kwairi. Ichando chakatanga kumagumo eOctober chakamanikidza vaTatars kuti vawane kushaya kukuru kwezvokudya. Frosts yakatungamirira pakuumbwa kwemvura parwizi. Somugumisiro, Ivan III akasarudza kuendesa mauto zvishomanana kuBorovsk, kwaiva nenzvimbo yakakodzera yehondo.

Kumira paUgra kune uyo anongotarisa kunze kwaizoita sekusagadzikana kwevatongi. Asi mutongi weRussia Tsar haana kungoda kutamisa mauto ake mhiri korwizi ndokudurura ropa revanhu vake. Zviito zveKhan Akhmat zvakaratidza kusachengeteka kwake nesimba rake. Mukuwedzera, kudzoka kwemaMongol muzvombo kwaive pachena. Mauto eRussia akanga atova nepfuti, uye akashandisa zvombo zvekudzivirira kutsika.

Kumira kukuru paUgra kwakatungamirira kusununguko rwehurumende yeRus kubva mutongi weMongol. Khan Akhmat akakurumidza kuurayiwa mutende rake pachake nhume dzeSiberia Khan Ibaka.