Mapuraneti Dwarf: Pluto, Eris, Makemake, Haumea

Dwarf nyika chaizvoizvo hariko kusvikira 2006. Vakabva vave dzinounzwa kuna boka idzva pamusoro yepasi pose zvinhu. Chinangwa kuchinja uku kwaiva kutanga murevereri pakati mapuraneti makuru uye asteroids dzakawanda kudzivirira kuvhiringidzika mune mazita miviri matsva uye statuses dzakaonekwa mhiri Neptune.

tsananguro

Zvadaro, muna kare kure 2006, musangano dzose pamusoro IAU (International Astronomical Union). On wenyaya waiva mubvunzo chaiyo mamiriro Pluto. Panguva yenhaurirano kwakasarudzwa kuti anomutorera "chinzvimbo" wechipfumbamwe nyika. Mac kwakasimbiswa tsanangudzo vamwe nzvimbo zvinhu:

• Planet - muviri orbiting zuva, hombe zvakakwana kuramba hydrostatic zvakanyatsoenzana (ndiko kuti kuva kumativi chimiro) uye kubvisa ayo muchadenga vamwe zvinhu.
• Asteroid - muviri inotenderera Sun, iro rine vakawanda duku, izvo haabvumiri kuti vabudirire hydrostatic pachiyero.
• Dwarf nyika - muviri orbiting zuva kuti anotsigira hydrostatic zvakanyatsoenzana, asi kwete hombe, kubvisa muchadenga.

Pakati yokupedzisira uye akatora Pluto.

The itsva chinzvimbo

Pluto zvakare semhosva mhiri-Neptunian zvinhu. Kufanana nezvimwe nyika zvipfupi, rinoreva miviri Kuiper Belt. The zvakasimbisa kuti kudzokorora mamiriro Pluto kwakaita kuti vakawanda Zvakawanikwa zvinhu ichi kure chikamu renzou. Pakati pavo paiva Eris, Pluto ari mukuru yairema 27%. Pakazosvika pfungwa kwemiviri zvose izvi zvinofanira semhosva nyika. Ndokusaka kwakasarudzwa kuti adzokorore uye kutaridzwa kutsunga vakadaro nzvimbo zvinhu. Uye pakanga mapuraneti zvipfupi.

chechigumi

"Kutura chinzvimbo" Pluto kwete chete. Eris kuna Mac musangano muna 2006, vaizviti "musoro" zvegumi nyika. Zviri nani kupfuura Pluto kurema, asi muduku kwaari kukura. Eris rakaonekwa muna 2005 ne vanoongorora nyeredzi American munyaya kutsvaka mhiri-Neptunian zvinhu. Pakutanga rakatumidzwa Xenu kana Akme, asi vakazotanga kushandisa zita ano.

Eris, kufanana nedzimwe nyika zvipfupi zviri dzaro, ine hydrostatic zvakanyatsoenzana, asi haakwanisi kubvisa ayo muchadenga vamwe yepasi pose miviri.

Wechitatu pamazita

Akatevera pakukura pashure Pluto uye Eris, Makemake ndiye. Uyu chaiwo chinhu pamusoro Kuiper Belt. An nyaya dzinonakidza ndiro zita womuviri uyu. Senguva dzose, mushure kuwanikwa akanga paakavapa ra2005 Fy ₉ nhamba. Kwenguva refu, chikwata vanoongorora nyeredzi American akawana Makemake, akaritumidza pakati pachavo, "Easter tsuro" (chakawanikwa akaita mazuva mashoma pashure racho).

Muna 2006, apo pane wechikamu itsva "pfupi nyika yacho Solar System" iri kupatsanura, kwakasarudzwa kuzodana 2005 Fy ₉ zvimwe. Netsika, iro dzenhoroondo Kuiper Belt zvinhu vanonzi pashure vanamwari chokuita zvakasikwa. Maka-Maka - Musiki wevanhu vari mungano pamusoro Rapa-Nui, vagari Easter Island yepakutanga.

Haumea

mapuraneti Dwarf pakati zuva nenyika dzinotenderera pariri zvinosanganisira mumwe mhiri-Neptunian zvinhu. It Haumea. Its chikuru chepfungwa - kufambira chaizvo kutenderera. Haumea parameter iri mberi ose anozivikanwa zvinhu ane dhayamita anopfuura zana metres ezvinhu edu. Pakati mapuraneti zvipfupi chinhu ndicho chechina pakukura.

Ceres

Chimwe muviri dzokunze yomumwe kirasi iyi iri mu huru asteroid bhandi, riri pakati kutenderera Jupiter uye Mars. Ceres ichi. Yakanga yakashama pakutanga 1801. Kwechinguva zvaionekwa dzakazara nyika. Uye muna 1802, anonzi asteroids Ceres. yepasi pose muviri chinzvimbo akanga rakadzokororwa 2006.

Dwarf nyika nevavakidzani vayo hombe akasiyana vainyanya kutadza kubvisa yayo muchadenga nezvimwe miviri uye ungwandangwanda. How zvakakunakira kushandisa utsanzi ichi, zvakaoma kutaura izvozvi - nguva vachakuudza. Saka kure, chete zvishoma ikadzikama gakava pamusoro Pluto kuti chinzvimbo vanodira. Zvisinei, kukosha aimbova repfumbamwe nyika uye miviri akafanana kuti sayenzi inoramba refu pasinei dzinonzi.