Kwakavharwa nenyama simba

Zvakasikwa, zvose interconnected uye dyidzana ichi- pamwe nemumwe. chikamu chimwe nechimwe, mumwe rokuti uye maatomu akafanana zviri kuramba pachena kuti chose zvakawanda mauto.

Pasinei chokwadi kuti uwandu masimba zvakasikwa zviri zvakakwana guru, vose vanogona kuva rakakamurwa nezvemarudzi zvina:

1. zvakaita rinokweva mauto.

2. yezvakaita remagetsi mauto.

3. Simba simba mhando.

4. Strength vasina simba mhando.

Rinokweva mauto anonyatsooneka kuoneka chete rapanzvimbo pezvakasikwa. remagetsi hunhu mauto - mauto kuti kuitika nesungano pakati nezvimedu vane imwe mhosva magetsi.

Kwakavharwa nenyama simba - iyi ndiyo imwe mauto zvikuru zvakasikwa. Kana muviri wacho pasi deformation muitiro, mukati maro mune imwe simba, izvo zvakaenzana simba deformation, asi nevakomana chiratidzo. Vakashinga simba rinotungamirirwa pamusoro deformation muviri. mhando dzacho ndidzo tensile simba, uriri zvakaitwa simba.

In wefizikisi, pane chinhu chakadai kwakavharwa nenyama deformation. Kwakavharwa nenyama deformation - the deformation iri kutanga nayo akanyangarika mushure kwokunze mauto kurega kuita. Pashure muviri deformation kwakadaro kunoda yaro yepakutanga chimiro. Saka kwakavharwa nenyama simba tsanangudzo kuti anoti richiwanika mumuviri pashure kwakavharwa nenyama deformation chinhu zvinogona simba. Anotarisirwa simba, kana kumwe simba - icho simba ane basa rayo havagoni kuva novimba kwayo trajectory, asi chete pokutangira uye kupedza achitandadza chikumbiro simba. Shanda kuchinja kana kuchinja simba pamwe munhu namahwindo nzira iri razero.

Tinogona kutaura kuti kwakavharwa nenyama simba ane remagetsi hunhu. simba Izvi zvinogona zvinofungidzirwa sezvo macroscopic kuratidzwa nekuita pakati mamorekuru ari pfuma kana muviri. Chero zvazvingava umo mune kana compressive kana tensile muviri, chinoratidza ane kwakavharwa nenyama simba. Zvinonzi kunangana mauto kubudisa deformation mugwara chakatarisana misha yacho inoramba dzomuviri uye perpendicular kuti muviri pamusoro kuwana deformation. Uyewo, Vector ichi simba chinotungamirwa nenzira rwakatarisana deformation muviri (misha yose mamorekuru kwayo).

The kukarukureta tsika pakati kwakavharwa nenyama simba kunotangira deformation mumuviri, rinowanika nokuda mutemo Hooke vake. Maererano naye, tsime simba akaenzana zvibereko kuomarara muviri rokuchinja coefficient pakati deformation muviri. Maererano nomutemo Hooke raMwari rinooneka apo mumwe deformation mumuviri kana fuma kwakavharwa nenyama simba Proportional kuti elongation muviri zvakananga, uye akatungamirira mugwara pakatarisana mirayiridzo iyo inoramba vanozoona hama kune vamwe muviri panguva PARTICIPLE deformation.

Rigidity indekisi vamwe muviri kana Proportional coefficient kunobva zvinhu zvakashandiswa kugadzira muviri. Uyewo kuomarara kunobva geometric kukura uye chimiro muviri. Panyaya kwakavharwa nenyama simba pane chinhu chakadai zvokuimba mupfungwa. kunetseka kwakadaro nhamba elasticity module simba paminiti chikwata nzvimbo pane imwe nguva chikamu pasi kukurukurwa. Kana iwe kufambidzana mutemo Hooke kwakaita kwaiita kushushikana, izvozvo icharira siyanei mashoko. Voltage zvokuimba mhando kunoitika mumuviri panguva yayo deformation, anogara Proportional kuti elongation muviri. Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti nezvaizoitwa mutemo Hooke chiri chete parinoperera deformations duku. Pane mwero kuti tisawirirane pasi iyo mutemo unoshanda. Kana vachange kupfuura, kuti kwakavharwa nenyama simba rinowanikwa pamusoro Masvomhu yakaoma, zvisinei mutemo Hooke vake.