Madzimambo Portugal: History

Madzimambo Portugal pachigaro choushe makore anopfuura mazana manomwe. Ivo vaiva chinokosha kwakabatsira enhoroondo muitiro muEurope uye pasi rose. At kukwirira kwesimba Portugal aiva mumwe masimba zvikuru. Vazhinji madzimambo vave munyaya upenyu enyika nemamwe masimba kuEurope, nokuda pedyo intertwining pamusoro Dynasties.

History uye Background

vari madzimambo Portugal wakaburuka kubva kare. Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechisere, vaVisigoth kutanga yakazvimirira dzidzo iri Iberian Peninsula dzakatangwa. Zvisinei, panguva ino hunotanga pakuwedzera Saracens kusvika yakaoma. Panguva iyoyo, vakanga zvikuru cohesive uye dzakabudirira kupfuura vakapararira madzinza. Saka, munguva kumbonyanya pfupi nguva vakakwanisa kugara rinenge rose kweItari. Pakupindurwa nechisimba Moors nechokumadokero uye kumaodzanyemba echiKristu Reconquista of Europe ndiro basa. Rinotanga otvoovyvanie mundima. hondo iyi icharamba kwemazana emakore. Muzana remakore rechipfumbamwe, kunova pamuganhu pakati nyika yechiKristu uye Emirates, Umambo Leon unoitisa County ake.

Portuguese dunhu First ndokunanga Vimara Pereshi. dzidzo ichi paruzhinji anonzi zvikabva kuti Portugal ano rokutanga. Counts Leon akateerera, uye akabhadhara mutero muranda wake. Nemhaka napedyo yayo kusvikira kwacho hondo, kuti avabvumire yave ichigadzirira zvematongerwo Reconquista. On a ndima pamwe Spain, paiva soro nhamba Knights kubva Europe. Kunyange asati yokutanga nevaIslam, pano vakauya kugara kubva pamusoro kondinendi. Knights zhinji, uyo akasvika boka racho ake nokuda hondo Saracens, pakupedzisira kugadziriswa. Pakupera remakore rechipfumbamwe, kakawanda nokumukirana kurwisa hurumende nechepakati. Vakamukira ari inenge nguva dzose rinotsigirwa Portuguese County.

Somugumisiro ari County yechipiri yekudyidzana kuwedzera ndima yayo kusvikira kumaodzanyemba. Genrih Burgundsky, vakagamuchira nyika mabasa Korona, runogonesa zvikuru matambudziko ari County. It zvishoma nezvishoma absorbs mumwe ndima muranda. Uye nokukurumidza akasvika simba mambo wokutanga Portugal - Afonso.

The rusununguko

Mambo Castile akatuma hondo huru kumaodzanyemba. Iyewo akadana French kubatsira Moors kuutapwa. Mumwe Knights - Henry Burgundy - akazvipiwa nyika pedyo nomuganhu. Ikoko, akanga ane mwanakomana Afonso. Pakazosvika nguva yokuzvarwa kwake, Henry akanga atotendeukira Portuguese Count. Mukomana akatora musoro pashure pokufa kwababa vake. Zvisinei, kutonga kwake Mat Tereza. Afonso akanga achiparidza pakurera Bhishopi Braga. Akazviita pamwe muoni urongwa. Kunzwisisa kuchinja Peninsula, akaronga kuisa wechidiki Earl yokushorwa kwakaita kuti mai vake.

Mushure rakavhurika mharidzo, Archbishop uye mugari wenhaka musoro gumi muBenin. Makore vari kurarama kwose. Kwemakore matatu vanowana vatsigiri vavo uye nzira kudzoka. At namana Afonso anova knight, uye anopinda County. Rinotanga yokurwisa mai. Afonso rutsigiro Knights uye veko feudal madzishe. Zvisinei, nokufamba kwenguva kurutivi Teresa awana muranda - Mambo Castile.

Makore mashanu akazotevera, pane yakachinja muhondo. Hondo Prince rowana pa Guimaraes. mai The musungwa wacho anowana vemauto ndianiko wakatuma yemamongi. Zvino simba muPortugal riri kusimbiswa maoko chete. Zvisinei, kukosha kukunda yakanga makatodzinga Alfonso wechinomwe. De facto kuvimbika rakaparadzwa. Mambo Portugal wokutanga akwira chigaro. Zvisinei, nokuti azere rusununguko pamusoro poumambo uye mamwe choushe papa vaifanira kuziva mambo mutsva.

Kurwira pamutemo

Pfungwa pamutemo muna Ages Europe chaizvo kunzwisisa. Zvechokwadi, mune nyaya pave nevanhu ekupedzisira mambo aigona kuva nematambudziko ayo aichimbova muranda. Mumwe nemasangano simba kupfuura kuti tizive Mvumo, aiva Vatican. The kuziva Papa kuti pave kutsigirwa European inoti. Naizvozvo, yose Portugal takatanga kuvaka chechi tichiregeredza chezvipo. Vamiririri yemisangano vakagamuchira chakazvibata zvikomborero. Uyewo, mambo akasarudza pakupedzisira kukurira Saracens kumaodzanyemba. A nhamba okukunda zvikuru akabvumira kuramba vanopinda nechisimba zviri they. Zvadaro, Rome embasi akabva choumambo. Panguva ino, achida kudzokera nharaunda kunyika nechisimba mambo Alfonso. Mambo Portugal ari kuenda kuhondo uye kupa mutsindo kurambwa. Asi mupfumi Castile anoramba kurwa tichiregeredza varwi.

Mugumisiro ndiyo nyika uye anozivikanwa naMambo Afonso, asi zvichiri pasi pokutonga Spanish. Pashure mambo afa kunotanga hondo itsva. Panguva ino, chiPutukezi kutanga uye nechisimba Galicia. Zvisinei, kubudirira kwokutanga zvinopikiswa ne kubatwa pamusoro Afonso. Sezvo rinozviti mambo nguva raiva anokosha nokuda nehurumende, yakava dzikinuro akakunda kundima. Somugumisiro, umambo Leon pasina hondo vakabatana kumatunhu akawanda. Zvisinei, Afonso bheji pamusoro chechi airidza. Mune chimwe namakumi manomwe gore repfumbamwe kwebasa raPapa pamutemo anoziva rusununguko Portugal. The Pope akamiririra mumaoko aIshe chaipo danidziro pamusoro Saracens. Chiitiko ichi ndicho chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha munhoroondo katsi Peninsula. Kubva nhasi kutanga kutonga mambo Portugal. Afonso achiri nguva kutora chikamu mune hondo dzakawanda. Ndava nemakore manomwe, iye vakabudirira vakakwanisa mumwe Santarem kukombwa budiriro. rufu rwake aiva chaiye National kuchema. Ndiani Mambo rekutanga airemekedzwa sezvo gamba renyika.

nokusimbaradza poumambo

Pakafa Afonso nezvizvarwa zvevazukuru madzimambo Portuguese kunyanya mberi basa rake. Sancho akanga achiparidza Reconquista uye kuwedzera simba Peninsula. Mune dzimwe nzira akakwanisa ndokudzinga kuti Moors nechokumaodzanyemba. Takatanga kuvaka nemisha. Izvi akwanise nokuda idzva nenyika kuchinja. Zvino yemamongi mirairo Zvisinei, aigona kugamuchira mugove yacho, wakanyengwa kuvaka misha korona.

Maererano wokumwe mutemo mamwe emakore pakati nzeve akaramba reconquista. Kurwisa Saracens akatungamirira Zvavaiita ose madzimambo Portugal. List kuchinja kuwedzerwa paitonga Afonso Podge. muparamende yokutanga yakavambwa. The guta akapiwa yakawanda takasununguka. Munzira dzakawanda, dzavo Charter kodzero kutevedzera Rome Mutemi.

ari achikura ari dambudziko

Pashure pokugadzwa umambo, upenyu enyika munyika inenge haana kuchinja. With kunosiyana madhigirii kubudirira vaiva hondo pamwe Moors, uye vamiriri akaramba kuedza dissociate waibva pokudzora Castile. Zvisinei, zvatinosiita kosi kuti zvinhu zvakachinja pamukwidzwa chigaro Pedro 1. Mambo Portugal, vachiri muchinda, akasima bhomba pasi chake choushe. baba vake vaida kuti Afonso kuroorana chechina kuti Castilian royals. mumwe batanidzo kwakadaro kwaiva kusimbisa umambo kunyange akasimba nezvetsika Peninsula. Zvisinei, muchato nomwanasikana mambo haana kutora nzvimbo. Zvichakadai, Kesari Alfonso anosarudza kuroora mwanasikana wamambo. Asi nokuti akanga akaroorwa wake yekwataigara kuverenga, iye urwa muchato. Somugumisiro, baba mwenga wacho, Manuel anotanga hondo. Nokukurumidza rinotsigira muchiPutukezi. Kuti asimbise chibvumirano kuchaita kuroora mwanasikana Pedro Manuel. Constanza anosvika muPortugal. Pashure pokuroora Prince anoripira kuwedzera kutarisirwa shamwari yake Inez. At-mana pagore rechishanu Constance anofa vasati vane mwana.

Pedro anotanga kugara aimbova musikana nokukudzwa wake. Ines unoitisa vana vake. King ane hanya kwemaitiro mwanakomana wake. Anoudza iye kuwana shamwari yakakodzera. Asi Pedro haana kuteerera zano rake uye kunyange anozivisa kuroorana Inez. Uyezve, hanzvadzi yake uye nehama vanouya Portugal. izvo yakakwirira hurumende zvepamusoro With chiedza ruoko muchinda. Zviri chaizvo hanya baba vake uye kuziva. Tanga kuparadzira runyerekupe nezvomukana hondo nokuti chigaro pashure pokufa Afonso Chechina. Most zvose, munoziva zvavanotya Castilians kubatwa simba munyika, kunyange zvazvo hama, uye Inez vakadzingwa Spain.

yekare yamambo rufu

Somugumisiro, Afonso haagoni kukunda kumanikidzwa kwakadaro. Achida hwokuchengetedza remangwana youmambo hwake, iye muchivande akatuma vavaurayi matatu. Somugumisiro Inez akauraya. Mashoko rufu Mudiwa hunokonzera Pedro hasha. Iye anoramba kuziva baba vake uye ari vachigadzirira kwebope. Asi nokukurumidza kuyananiswa. Uye shure kwechinguva Afonso chechina akafira tsarukano. Mugore mashanu nemanomwe gore Pedro korona. Somugumisiro, haana kuregerera kupondwa wake. Chokutanga, iye anotanga kutsvaka nevaurayi mudiwa. Iye Rinotarisira kutaurirana Castile nokuda extradition kwavo. Makore matatu gare gare, akatungamirira nevaurayi maviri. Iye pachake richivezwa mwoyo yavo. Zvapedzisira vakakwanisa kuviga kwoupenyu hwose.

Sezvo ngano, pashure kuzvicherera mwoyo, akapedza ane mhanya zvainobatsira. Zvichipomerwa akarayira mambo kuwana Ines kubva uchanja wakapfeka ari zvokupfeka uye kupfeka choushe. Pashure vose vakuru vaifanira kupika mhiko kwaari uye akamutsvoda ruoko wake (maererano kumwewo - a rokwe). Hapana yakavimbika, kurondedzera chiitiko ichi, kwete, asi pane muenzaniso.

vatorwa negwaro

Pedro ushe hwake nokuchinja dzimwe negwaro. Zvino pakutanga raiva England. Portuguese vamiriri vanogara kushanyira Albion. Kakanga kakasainwa dzakawanda muzvibvumirano unobvumira vatengesi kuti miganhu kupinza zvinhu zvavo munharaunda roushe maviri. Nepo ukama rugare Spain. Reconquista mberi asi zvishoma nezvishoma. Nekuti zvino Moors kuwedzera sevanhu vangangova vakabatana mu kurwira simba munharaunda.

Zvisinei, kubudirira chaizvo kuchinja munyika uye anokunda kuenda chero tichienzanisa rudo mitambo Pedro First. Nokuda yakaoma nhoroondo nevakadzi vatatu mambo vasingagoni ndakasika munhu pasi nani yehondo.

Pokuwa imba youmambo

Pakafa Pedro kuchinjwa kwesimba mwanakomana wake mudzimai wake wokutanga Fernadu. Akatanga kwake nani chinzvimbo. pashure pakarepo norufu Emperor Castilian iye anoti ake vanoti chigaro. Achishandisa nekunyepedzera ukama pakati mbuya vake, ari kuedza kubatanidza simba mumaoko avo, kwete chete pamusoro Portugal, asi uyewo Castile uye Leon. Zvisinei, mashoko Spanish uzive anoramba kuzvibvuma. Kuti tidzivise Castilian dare, Fernando unoumba kubatana pamwe Saracens, hondo inotanga. Mushure mechinguva nayo chacho Pope uye chibvumirano inotanga. Zvisinei, Fernando haapi yavo anoti, asi chete kukanganwa nezvazvo kwekanguva. Panguva kuomerera ari papa choushe, mambo aifanira kuroora mwanasikana wamambo Castilian. Asi, Fernando anotora mudzimai Leonora Menezes. Rinotanga imwe hondo. Portuguese vanokwanisa kugumisa vanoverengeka zvibvumirano uye zvakanaka wakashamwaridzana kunyengetedza Henry kuti chibvumirano.

Asi Genriha Korol of Spain nePortugal afa (sezvo aiona pachake) Fenrandu kutanga nyaya rubatsiro England. Edward anotuma mauto ake nomugungwa uye mwanasikana wake Lisbon. Pashure muchato wake cha kuna Castile. Asi mambo pakarepo anosiya nevanodzidza nezvenhamba uye kugumisa rugare. Panguva iyi Anopa urombo kuti Chirungu uto pfuma yake. Mwedzi mitanhatu pashure zviitiko, Fernando anofa. Shure kwake, pane nguva yenyonganyonga.

Interregnum uye nguva kuderera

Pakafa Fernando asingarambi murume mumwe chete mugari wenhaka. Simba iri kune mwanasikana wake. Uye tichitarisa achiri muduku, chaizvoizvo - kuna mai vake. Leonora weaving chivande uye nokukurumidza anowana anoda itsva. A mwanasikana chinoenda kupa kuti mugari wenhaka kuna Castilian. Izvi zvaizoita kuti Portugal chikamu Spain. Zivai zviri kusagutsikana chaizvo pamwe chokwadi ichi. Sezvo pamwe Castile zvinopesana dzinokosha vemamwe mutemo, izvo vaiti zvose rapfuura madzimambo Portugal. List kuti Vakwikwidzi nekuti chigaro choushe kukura ose zuva. Kumboda zviri mubvandiripo vana Pedro uye nezvizvarwa zvavo.

Panguva iyo nyika akapinda risingafarirwi kuchinja. All izvi zvinoita kuti vakarangana uye nevapanduki. Munguva-rechishanu masere gore kumukira inotanga muna Lisbon. Somugumisiro, vapanduki vakauraya chaanofarira Leonora. PaKokorodzano neDare Cortés (ungano muParamende). Anokwira choumambo King Juan 1. Portugal pakarepo anotarisana nengozi munhu Spanish nechisimba. Pashure makatodzinga Beatrice kwakanyatsobatana yapinda muhondo.

Uye vamambo kutya havana kusina pakwakavakirwa. Huang kutanga inopinda ane hondo huru. Chinangwa charo kuna Lisbon. On kurutivi Castilians Akaitawo kukupfura French. Sezvo rubatsiro batana muPortugal kunobva Chirungu expeditionary simba vouta matanhatu. Pashure hondo huru mbiri vokuSpain siya uye kusiya dzinofunga kuti chigaro. Pashure paizvozvo, Juan akatungamirira kazhinji murunyararo negwaro. Huru kuchinja nechokuita zvinorwisana kuchinja. Iva netsika uye dzidzo. Rose zvinokosha, vazhinji muguta.

Nenzvimbo simba

Nemakurukota vagara shongwe munzanga, iyo Mambo Portugal akavimba. History anoziva yemazana mienzaniso pavakamupandukira ishe wake. Pashure kuuya simba Aviz hwedzinza vepamusorosoro mamiriro ezvinhu yachinja yekudyidzana. Izvi kukonzerwa kuti kuonga madzimambo matsva. Duarte Somuenzaniso, akapa dare guru yakawanda panyika. Somugumisiro, havana akawana mamwe rusununguko. dambudziko iri kugadziriswa uye akava Mambo Portugal Joao 2 pakarepo pashure pamukwidza wakasika chevanorwara itsva - the Royal Commission pamusoro charters. It Akave nokuvandudza kodzero vakuru munyika dzavo. Mukupindura zvakadaro nhano yakaipa vanokudzwa vachigadzirira rangano.

Zvisinei, izvozvo zvakanaka nokukurumidza kuzarurira. Musoro vapanduki kubata, uye yake kuchamuka rakundwa muna kukombwa youmambo mauto. Pashure paizvozvo ari kutanga chimwe chivande kuuraya mambo uye kudana ushe weCastilia anoedzesera. Asi anoratidza Juan. Portugal King pachake anouraya mutungamiri revapanduki.

Juan aida chaizvo uye vanozvikudza. Iye aikwanisa uye aiva hombe kwakabatsira dare. Ndaida unyanzvi hondo. Vachiri muchinda, kazhinji muchirongwa knightly Tournaments, iyo nguva rakava kutanga. Aiva mutsigiri vanachandagwinyira centralization simba. Kunyange zvakadaro sevasingafungi uye vazhinji zvokuyamura mabhora. Uyewo anomira kubva papfuma youmambo zvikuru zvinhu kukura nesayenzi. Maererano nemamwe mabhuku, aiva farira Chess mutambi. Kunyange zvikuru akakoka vemifananidzo European bato.

Legends pamusoro youmambo nzira

Paitonga Juan Third guhwa rakanga rapararira mudare Henry hanzvadzi Margaret uye 8 mambo Portugal tindopinda muchato. Close ukama Britain taumba zvakawanda panguva Pedro First. Britons kazhinji akaita pamusoro Portuguese divi muhondo pamwe Castile. Saka, vakawanda zvaiita kuti Tudors achapiwa mumwe wevanasikana wake Juan kusimbisa batana ukama. Sister marguerite Henry 8 uye namambo Portugal Chokwadi, Ungangove, kwete kunyange kumboona mumwe. Zvisinei, ngano zhinji nazvo pamwechete. Zvikurukuru mune mukurumbira dzinoitwa wepaterevhizheni "The Tudors" Margarita pamusoro zvarongwa anowana chiPutukezi.

Pakati mumwe "youmambo" ngano yakakurumbira akatendeuka Sebastian. Mambo Portugal akakwira chigaro pakarepo pashure pokufa kwababa vake. Ros mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Education chaizvoizvo zvakashanda Cardinal. Amai akatizira Spain, uye mbuya akafa nokukurumidza. Mukomana somugumisiro, akava mambo zvizere kwemakore gumi nemashanu. Uye zvinenge pakarepo akaenda kushingirira yake umo akafa. Kumba kwenguva refu ndakaenda yezvechitendero kuti inonzi Sebastian mupenyu uye vachigadzirira kudzokera kunyika kuponesa kubva Zvinotaurwa Mambo Philip Spanish. Somugumisiro mafungiro akadaro ari muvanhu, kanoverengeka muPortugal vaiva vanyengeri vanoti chigaro.

Kupera umambo

Pakazosvika ramakumi remakore, poumambo yakanga kuderera. Kuti vadzivirire simba ravo korona awedzera udzvanyiriri. Panguva iyo vanhu kuparadzira mugovanisi uye Republican pfungwa. njodzi udzvinyiriri muPortugal itange akasarudza muna February 1908. Hukunde simba ramambo, vamwe Republicans dzaienda kutanga chimurenga. Naizvozvo, akauraya Carlos First nemhuri yake zvakanaka pakati Lisbon. Kunyange zvakadaro, mumwe vaizotora chigaro vakakwanisa kurarama. Amai akaponesa gumi-Manuela. Zvisinei, haana kuratidza kufarira paruzhinji zvenyika. Saka, munyika makore maviri gare gare dzakatanga chimurenga kwakazokonzera pakaparadzwa poumambo uye kuziviswa zvokuvhoterwa.

Saka kupera mazana manomwe nemakore nhoroondo umambo muPortugal. Pakutanga, kunangwa Corona kunoenderana yenyika zvinodiwa vanhu. Uyezve, choushe chaiva vabatane uye okukura simba nokuda Portuguese rudzi. Political basa iri rinonyanya chete. Kuchengetedzwa Mambo Portugal oga kubva huru panzvimbo Spanish simba. Muronga Dynasties uye Generic mapazi anochengeterwa Lisbon Jeronimos wemamonk. roumambo kuberekwa Vakawanda aiva noukama hwepedyo yakakurumbira mudzimba Europe.