Lowercase: kushandiswa mitemo

Uppercase uye lowercase tsamba - tsamba vaishandisa ose zuva kuti kunyora. Chokutanga - tsamba guru (guru), uye shoma wechipiri pane ayo saizi (diki).

A Nhoroondo shoma

Pakutanga kushandiswa chete kana kunyora tsamba makuru, umo miganhu (okumusoro) vari zvakajeka. Nokufamba kwenguva, izvozvo akakurukura kurzive tsamba kuwana munhu woita chimiro. Saka akasimuka nheyo kunzi tsamba Carolingian minuscule, iyo yakataurwa nemasayendisiti kubva Alcuin. Tava akarishandisa muruvazhe Karla Velikogo, uye pakupedzisira kuparadzira mashoko ichi muEurope. Ndiyo nguva yekutanga rimwe chinyorwa akava zvine uppercase uye lowercase tsamba.

Misoro uchingodzikira nyaya

Kushandiswa uppercase uye lowercase tsamba mumwe nezvinetso zvemazuva Russian chiperengo chakaoma zvikuru. The Kugara Kuchinja chokwadi kunosanganisira kuchinja tsamba idzi. Naizvozvo, unofanira kugara kudzidza shanduro itsva mabhuku uye mumaduramazwi, izvo havo kuratidza zvakagadzirwa zvakadai.

Asi, pasinei ichi, pane dzinokosha wokushandiswa uppercase uye lowercase tsamba. Vanobatsira kunzwisisa kunyorwa guru uye zviduku tsamba, kunyange kana shoko duramazwi chisipo.

Terms mashandisiro chetsamba guru

Aine tsamba guta kuchinzi:

• Shoko rokutanga kuti umire pakutanga mitsetse uye magwaro;
• wokutanga zita, last zita, zita remadunhurirwa rokuti, ainziwo (Bamba Gorky, Serafim Sarovsky);
• moniker mhuka (imbwa Ingvar, Boris bheya katsi Vaska);
• zvakajairika emazita, iyo anoita Somunyori hunhu (Red akatasva Washington);
• pachake nenzvimbo zita (Europe);
• zvakafanana emazita, zita mazita, mabasa, mazita vari chikamu nzvimbo zita (Pine Forest);
• pamutemo shoko pakutanga Nzvimbo mazita (Los Angeles);
• munhu zvenyeredzi zita (Mercury, Gwara Way, kuti Southern Cross);
• mashoko ose anoumba mazita ezvematongerwo enyika, mabhizimisi, masangano, makambani vatorwa, asi muhofisi (the UN Security Council, State Council, European Parliament);
• mashoko ose anoumba pamutemo mazita States (the Chechen Republic, French Republic);
• Shoko rokutanga mazita nemasangano mutsika uye varaidzo (Moscow Operetta Theater);
• Zita pamusoro anokudza uye zvinzvimbo, izvo akaratidza zvitupa (Mutevedzeri-President, President of USA);
• mazita munhau uye nguva (nguva National Revival, Renaissance, July kuti commune);
• Mashoko ari mazita mangwanani: Central, State, Russian, International, Russian World (International Monetary Bank);
• shoko Yababa, Motherland, Man, Hope, Uchenjeri Centre, uye vamwe, vari kunyanya manyorero kushandiswa .;
• chisazitasingwi iwe (rako) sezvo muchimiro wetsika;
• mazita mabhuku echitendero, mazororo echitendero (Bhaibheri, Easter, Pendekosti);
• abbreviations, izvo aumba kubva mazita akakodzera (United Nations - UN);
• possessive adjectives (mubvunzo "vane?"), rine suffix - iri, Female (-ev), izvo aumba kubva mazita zvakakodzera uye nicknames emhuka (Fedina bhuku, Raphael kwakaita Madonna, Ulysses kuti rwendo);
• zita chaicho basa, nhau masangano, pachaunga uyezve, vanofanira dzinounzwa prices (yokufungidzira "Utsotsi uye Kurangwa");
• mazita uye abbreviations yemazita maindasitiri mamakisi unyanzvi zvigadzirwa ( "Volga", žil);
• mazita nomumwe ndege, zvikepe, zvitima ( "Titanic" chikepe).

Terms kwemashandisirwo lowercase

Lowercase vatambi kana ari chikamu:

• nyaya, Zvireva mwene, inoramba iri mazita dzokuMadokero uye mazita akakodzera (Ludwig mabhati Beethoven);
• mazita kuti chinangwa chibhende kana akaipa Kukoshesa (richangobva akazviratidza Luzhina);
• emazita aumba kubva mazita uye surnames (Oblomovism);
• zvinoumba of Turkic uye mazita Arabic kuti anoratidza ukama kana chinzvimbo (Al, zade, pemha, Aga);
• mazita vezvikwata, zvakapiwa zita musayendisiti (BSN);
• Shoko pasi, mwedzi, zuva, izvo hariwaniki mazita ezvemuchadenga;
• adjectives ane -sk- suffix kureva chishongedzo aumba kubva mazita akakodzera (Cech peji);
• mazita okuremekedza uye chinzvimbo (Mutevedzeri mushumiri, ari meya);
• Abbreviations aumba kubva zvakafanana emazita mazita (chesekondari - koreji).

Uyewo, yakaderera nyaya tsamba yakanyorwa mazita:

• Geological eras uye nguva matongo tsika uye eras (Mesozoic nguva);
• mbiru uye mazita, masangano omunyika dzakawanda, uyewo dzakakwirira wokumwe zvokuwedzera masangano (Kesari kweJapan, Major-General, Ambassador);
• Zviremera muuzhinji (Ministry of Russia);
• nemhuka dzemarudzi (imbwa Keeshond);
• masangano, mazita havasi mazita akakodzera (chikoro №592).

Zviga kushandisa uppercase uye lowercase tsamba

Zvaakanga adzidza pamusoro mitemo, zvinokwanisika kuziva huru nheyo apo anoshandiswa uppercase uye lowercase tsamba. saka:

• Hurumende ichiisa dzakananga zvikamu ezvirevo (chinyorwa) - parsing musimboti.
• Yavaive mamwe mashoko ari murugwaro:

1) repasi nyaya tsamba zvakanyorwa zvakafanana emazita, capitalized - mu mazita akakodzera - morphological musimboti.

2) uppercase tsamba yakanyorwa kuti zita mhuri, zvimwe zviratidzo kana pathos (murume Yababa), muzita zororo (New Year paZuva Kukunda) - kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro musimboti.

3) rakashandiswa uppercase tsamba abbreviations raiumbwa tsamba yokutanga.

Zvakakodzera kusiyanisa

Sezvambotaurwa, zvakanyorwa lowercase chipauro kuti ane -sk- suffix kureva chavanopinda uye vakadzidza pamusoro pachake kwavo. Saka, "prose Pushkin kuti" Rinopereterwa aine tsamba lowercase. Asi possessive adjectives pamwe suffix -sk- kuti kukosha ainzi kuremekedza ndangariro munhu, zvakanyorwa nemabhii makuru. Somuenzaniso, "Lomonosov kuverengwa".

Shoko: uppercase uye lowercase tsamba

Nokuda kukurumidza kukura mashoko michina, Akagamuchira paupamhi mukurumbira Microsoft Office Word chirongwa chiri anenge irreplaceable pabasa uye rokudzidzisa muitiro. Asi vanhu vashoma vanoziva sei kuti tsamba lowercase uppercase, ndiEzekieri chete achapesana ane bhatani.

Saka, nyora nemabhii makuru inotevera acho:

"Lowercase tsamba WERUSSIA arufabheti".

Zvino unofanira kusarudza rugwaro kutsikirira Schift uye F3 makiyi panguva imwe chete. Pashure paizvozvo, tinowana:

"Tsamba Lowercase kuti bumbiro remabhii wokuRussia."

Mushure vachisundira wemishonga izvi makiyi tinowana zvinotevera:

"Tsamba Lowercase kuti bumbiro remabhii wokuRussia."

Uye kuti vadzokere kunobva code, unofanira zvakare kumanikidza Schift + F3.