Kusunungurwa kwePrague nemauto eSoviet. Kusunungurwa kwePrague kubva kumafascists

Hondo Yenyika Yechipiri yakanga ine ropa uye ine utsinye. Nyika dzakawanda dzeEurope dzakatambura nemarwadzo aro asina tsitsi. Kurasikirwa kweCzechoslovakia shomanana kwakakura zvikuru: 35 000 mauto, makumi ezviuru zvevanhu vemazuva ose ... Kutarisa basa risina basa, maGermany akabvisa vechidiki 550 000 kubasa rekumanikidza muGermany. Chikamu chikuru chemuganhu chakanga chakavharwa kubva kunyika: Carpathian Rus, Sudety uye Tishinskaya region. Izvo sehurumende yekuzvimiririra yakaguma kuvapo, ichishandurwa kuva coloni yeGermany: iyo inonzi yakachengetedzwa.

Basa

Pakupera kwehondo, Army Center yakange yakamira muCzechoslovakia, boka guru reGermany raisangana. Kuumbwa kwaro kwaifungidzirwa nemamiriyoni evanhu mapurisa nemauto. Akarayirwa nevashori, General-Field Marshal Schörner. Akanga akanyatsogutsikana kuti Czech Republic inofanira kuva nyika yakazara yeGermany. Yakaudzwa kuti vafactc vakafunga kuti vokuRussia vachigadzirira kusunungurwa kwePrague sechinhu chisina musoro uye chisina musoro. Kana iri guta racho pacharo, munaMay 1945 rakava nzvimbo yekuedzwa yeChanhatu yeGermany Squadron. Kunyanya kunyatsotarisana nevashori vakachengetedza ndege yemhepo, uko ndege yavo yakanga iri, pamwe nenharaunda yakapoteredza, yakavakwa nenhare dzevarwi.

Zvinonakidza, asi kusunungurwa kwePrague mumazuva edu kunokonzera kukakavara kukuru uye kukakavadzana. Vanyori vezvakaitika kare vakaparadzana mumapoka matatu. Vamwe vanodavira kuti guta racho rakacheneswa nevashori vemunharaunda nevan fascists, vamwe vanotaura nezvekunyadzisa kweVlasovites, asi vamwe vanosimbisa kushanda kwakasimba kweSoviet army. Pano panewo shanduro iyo kuuya kweRussian Prague kwaive iko kusununguka. Ndizvo here? Ngatiedzei kunzwisisa.

Matanho ekutanga

Zvechokwadi, vanhu vazhinji vakaronga kusunungura guta. Pasina mubvunzo, Red Army yakanga ichivandudza hurongwa hwekushanda. Kubva munaEpril 1945, vashandi vepamusoro-soro vakanyatsodzidza mamapu makuru emaguta, akaitwa kuburikidza nemakwikwi ekuzivikanwa: vaigona kuona nzvimbo dzevaGermany, moto wavo uye zvinyorwa zvinyorwa. Izvo zvinhu zvouchenjeri zvaifanira kuwira pasi pechipfuva chikuru.

Pamugumo weGreat Patriotic War (WWII), kusunungurwa kwePrague kwakatanga kugadzirirwa muCzech National Council, yakagadzirwa muna 1945. Ihofisi, ine maKomonisiti, inotaura kuti inotungamirira kukira kwevanhu vakawanda, mapepa ayo panguva ino uye akazozara munyika. Asi pakange pasina nguva yekuronga kushanda, saka CNS haina kutamba basa rakakosha mukukurira guta guru.

Panguva imwecheteyo, musi waMay 5, Vlasov, masoja eIkutanga Infantry Division ye ROA, akapinda muPrague. Hondo yekurwa, pasi pekutungamirirwa kwaMajeri-General Bunyachenko, yakatanga kusunungurwa. Mune nhau yemazuva vakakwanisa kuchenesa chikamu chekumadokero kweguta, nokudaro kusunungura rwonzi rwevarume veS SS.

Mabasa eAmerica

Kunyange zvazvo vaVlasovites vakatanga kusunungura Prague kubva kune fascists, kune rumwe rutivi, mauto eAmerica akauya kune guta guru pasi pekutungamirirwa kwaGeneral Patton. Kubva kumutungamiri weUnited States, akarayirwa kuisa nzvimbo panzvimbo yePilsen-Karlovy Vary-Choske-Budejovice line. VaAmerica havana kunyanya kupikisa vaAmerica, asi Red Army, ichibva kudivi reSlovakia, vakapa kutuka kunotyisa. Kuziva kuvimbika kweUnited States kune vasungwa, vakasarudza kuwira mumaoko avo, kupfuura kumakoministi emaperembudzi. Nokudaro, kufambira mberi kwekufambisa kwevashandi kwakasiyana.

General Patton akatora Pilsen. Vagari vomuguta vakamutora iye chivako pashure pehondo. Pano, vaAmerica vakamira: Red Army yakanga ichienda kune avo, saka kuti varege kuvhiringidzika, vakasarudza kumirira. Uye hurumende yeUnited States haina kutora Czechoslovakia chinangwa chezvematongerwo enyika. Somugumisiro, zvakare akafungazve kusapinza upenyu hwemauto. Apo vaRussia vakaziva kuti vashandi vacho vakanga vadzokera shure, vakaramba vachisunungurira Prague pachavo.

Chii chakazoitika?

Zvichakadaro, mushure mekubudirira kwekuvhiya kusunungura chikamu chekumadokero kweguta, vaVlasovites vakadzokera zvakare. Vanyori vezvakaitika kare vanotenda kuti vakatora Prague kubva pane zvinyorwa zviviri: kutanga, vaida kufadza vaAmerica, uye chechipiri, vaitarisira kuregererwa mushure mokushandira pamwe nemaGermany. Asi, vakakundikana kubvumirana pamusoro pehutano hwehurumende neCNS, vakasiya guta guru.

Sezvatinoona, rusununguko rwePrague rwakaputsika zvachose pamapfudzi eRobert Army. Izvo zvakashata zvakarayirwa naMarshal Konev. Mairi ayo akangopedzisa kukwidza kweBerlin, sezvavakakurumidza kuendeswa kuScott direction. Kwete kuzorora uye zuva racho, masoja akatanga kutenderera achienda kuguta. Idzo mabhartaoni eChishanu Chikwata cheUkraine zvakare akatora chikamu chekushingaira muhondo. Mune imwe yehondo yakaipisisa yebhiriji rinotevera, Lieutenant Ivan Goncharenko akakuvara, akafa zita rake rakazotumidzwa rimwe remigwagwa yePrague. Kusunungurwa kweguta guru reCzech kwakaguma mazuva mazhinji: kubva 6 kusvika 11 May. Iyi ndiyo yekupedzisira kushanda kukuru kweHondo Yenyika Yechipiri muEurope.

Zvinokuvadza

Prague yakazova hurukuro yekupedzisira yechiscist resistance. Pasinei nekutumirwa kwechibvumirano, vapanduki vemo havana kuda kuzvipira. Pane kudaro, vakaronga kuunganazve neboka guru revaGermany, vakatumidzwa Mitl-boka. Muvengi wechina anoenderera mberi achiita kurwisana kushingaira, kurwisana panguva dzose. Iboka raMitl, rakasimbirirwa kumaodzanyemba, rakasarudza kubatana nevefascists vaitora Czechoslovakia. Kuti tidzivise kusimbiswa kwemauto evengi, masoja edu akakurumidza kupinda muhondo. Kutora nzvimbo iyi kwakava nyaya yekukudza nehana.

Kusunungurwa kwePrague nemauto eSoviet kwaive sei? Pakutanga, Red Army yakashingaira kutsvaka Schörner's unit kuti avadzivise kuita zvavakanga vakaronga. Imba yacho yakaiswa kune tankmen, avo vari pasi pemurairo wevakuru vakuru Rybalko naLelyushenko. Ndivo vaiva varume vakashinga avo vakagamuchira mirairo yekupfuura nepakati pemutsara wevanodzokazve, vachivaisa mumvura yakadzika shure uye nokudaro vachigura varume veSID vanovanza muPrague. Chirongwa chaiva ichi: apo boka raMitl rinosvika kune guta guru reCzechoslovakia, pachava nemasoja eRussia. Dambudziko guru revarwi vedu vakaramba vari makomo makomo, akaturika mberi. Kukunda izvi zvakakosha kwaive basa guru revanhu vematangi.

Kuguma kweboka raMitl

Matangi ematangi ekutanga kweUkraine Front akatanga basa ravo rekare. Vakagadzirisa nzira kuburikidza nekupfuura kwakaderera, kutadza uye kune ngozi. Mumumvuri weusiku weusiku, mishonga yemakungu yakabvisa muvengi maitiro akaiswa nemaGermany pamatanho ose. Apo pakanga paine chido, vashandi vakasiya matangi: mauto pachavo anovakazve madhoroti, asina kutora minda.

Pakupedzisira, mushure mokudzora zvipingamupinyi zvose, svondo resimbi rai teknolojia rakapfuura nepakati pemakona uye rakanamatira mumatope - zvakananga kuCzech capital. Kuonekwa kweTanviet tanks pakatarisa kwakanga kusingatarisirwi kwevarume veS SS kuti vakanga vasina kunyange nguva yekupa kukodzera kwakakwana. Pane zvinopesana, kushungurudzika nekutya, maGermany akamhanya achitya apo maziso avo anotarisa.

Nokudaro, kusunungurwa kwePrague kwakapedzwa. Musi wechiitiko chakakosha ndeyeMay 11. Pazuva rino, guta guru reCzechoslovakia rakabviswa zvachose nevashori. Vatungamiri vedu vakavatevera mapoka akaparadzaniswa evascist kune mamwe mazuva maviri, mushure mokunge vatapa vese vapoteri, uye vakanyatsopedza basa rehondo rinotungamirira.