Kupatsanura Nyika maererano zvoupfumi munyika, tichitarisa zvokuwedzera, nenzvimbo kupatsanura nyika

Mumwe hurumende ine zvakawanda zviri kuti vaongorori zvakachinja uchishandisa zvimwe zviratidzo. Tikaenzanisa uye ongororo kubvumira kuti vafunga pamusoro kukura uye mamiriro upfumi, demography, jogirafi. The kupatsanura Nyika chinodiwa kuona sei neimwe munzira yose nyika. Exchange kuti ruzivo achasarudza pakugona kunoongorora kwenzanga sangano rinoti uye kuvandudza unongotaura.

Countries nendima

Economic tsanangudzo nyika yakasiyana pamutemo kana kunyange vanhuwo njere.

The kupatsanura Nyika inogona kunzi sezvo miganhu vamapoka kuzivikanwa munyika uye dzisiri kudaro. dzakadaro kunogona kuitisa yakazvimirira upfumi mutemo uye kufunga kwayo kukura. Saka, vari kufungwa iri kupatsanura nyika maererano pachiyero zvoupfumi. Izvi zvinoshanda vamwe chitsuwa kubatsirwa ndima UK, France, Netherlands. Kupatsanura Nyika kufunga munzvimbo dzakadai yoga zveupfumi dzakabatana.

Universal Masangano dzakawanda kuunganidza uye ongorora ruzivo pamusoro nyika yavo chikamu. Vanosanganisira anenge zvose zvenyika States.

kupatsanura musimboti

Sezvo nyika kupatsanura kuitwa zvikuru masangano dzakawanda (UN, IMF, World Bank uye zvichingodaro. D.), The inonyanya date kutora hurongwa yakagadzirirwa zvido mumatare aya. Pamepu inosimbiswa pazasi:

- green - mune zvemari dzakabudirira nyika;

- yero - svikiro pamwero ehurumende;

- red - chetatu nyika nyika.

The World Bank anounganidza ruzivo nenhanho hwenyika. Panguva iyoyowo, iyo UN inotifungisa dzavo wevanotungamirira uye socio-ezvoupfumi mamiriro ezvinhu.

Masayendisiti uyewo kuzivikanwa anoverengeka pakubhadhara inokosha date muunganidzwa uye kubudiswa, izvo zvinosanganisira kupatsanura enyika.

Maererano mhando socio-zvoupfumi iripo kupatsanura runoparadzanisa nyika kupinda capitalist, mugovanisi uye dzichiri kusimukira.

Padanho kukura munyika dzinoiswa sezvo dzakabudirira uye kukura.

Geographical kupatsanura Nyika inorangarira kukura uye nzvimbo munyika iri nyika mepu. Also kufungwa saizi yavo uye mamiriro chavagari, zviwanikwa.

Geographical kupatsanura

Kuziva uye kukoshesa nyika pamusoro nyika mepu iri zvikuru kukosha. Kubva ichi zvinogona kutanga kubudisa dzimwe classifications. Location munyika panyika mepu iri uyewo hama. Mushure rinotsanangurwa spatial chikwata zvinogona kuchinjwa. Asi zvose kuchinja uye ezvinhu aripo kunogona kukanganisa pakugumisa ezvinhu ane nyika chaiwo kana nharaunda.

Kune nyika ine nharaunda yakakura kwazvo (Russia, USA, Canada, India), uye pane microstates (Vatican, Andorra, Liechtenstein, Monaco). Nepariri uyewo kugoverana navo uye pasina kuenda kugungwa. Pane Continental uye chitsuwa nyika.

Tikafunga izvi zvinhu kazhinji kuziva socio-upfumi mamiriro ezvinhu, izvo zvinoratidza kupatsanura enyika.

The kupatsanura vokuparidzira

Gadzirisa nzira wegadziriro zvakakosha kufungawo kupatsanura kunyika maererano vemo. Rinosanganisira quantitative uye Qualitative Kuongorora wevanotungamirira ezvinhu.

Maererano nemaonero aya, nyika dzose dziri rakakamurwa munyika huru, svikiro uye diki kwevanhu. Uye kuti mhedziso zvakakodzera pamusoro indekisi ichi, nokuenzanisa nhamba yevanhu vari miganhu chikwata. Izvi anotibvumira kufungidzira hwevanhu arambe achirema.

Vagari ichaongororwa maererano nokukura kwaro. Enzanisa wembereko uye vanofa. Kana kwouwandu hwevanhu iri zvakanaka, inoratidza nekumwisa kuzvarwa pamusoro nzufu, ndiEzekieri. Nhasi, kukura ari kuchengetwa India, USA, UK uye dzimwe nyika dzomuAfrica. The kuderera vanhu - muEastern Europe, Russia, muArabhia States.

Kupatsanura Nyika maererano vemo inovakwa kufungisisa wevanotungamirira marongerwo. Mugove kushanda-zera, vagari akadzidza, uyewo zvitupa kunokosha kuti ongororo.

Kupatsanura pakati Economic Development

The inonyanya kupatsanura dzakashandiswa nevakawanda masangano uye tsvakurudzo Kudya yose, akaita maererano zvoupfumi.

Kukura typology ichi chakaitwa pachishandiswa kwemakore tsvakurudzo. Zvinonzi kuramba aongorora uye akavandudzika.

All inoti zvenyika, maererano izvi zvinogona rakakamurwa kumusoro, svikiro uye underdeveloped nzvimbo mari. Ndicho kushandiswa nevakawanda nzira. Kupatsanura Nyika maererano kukura asingadi kufunga post-mugovanisi uye mugovanisi nyika.

On hwaro typology masangano dzakawanda kuti mhedziso pamusoro yakakodzera rubatsiro rwemari kune underdeveloped kunyika.

Pose mapoka aya zvinogona kupatsanurwa subtypes ayo.

Mukusarudza nyika zvoupfumi

Kuti boka dzakabudirira zvinosanganisira US, Canada, Western Europe, South Africa, iyo Commonwealth pamusoro Australia, New Zealand. nyika ava mukuru azvipire zvoupfumi uye chinokosha simba pamusoro enyika ezvinhu munyika. basa ravo mukuru kutengeserana ukama ndiro hunhu.

Kupatsanura Nyika maererano zvoupfumi chinosiyanisa boka iri nyika pokutakura napo vamatunhu yesayenzi uye michina zvinogona.

Kukonzera pamusoro upfumi nyika dzine capitalist nyika, vatanhatu vavo vari nhengo "Big Zvinomwe". Uyu Canada, USA, UK, Germany, Japan, France, Italy. Wati specialization mukuru upfumi hwenyika zvikuru dzakabudirira diki (Austria, Netherlands, Switzerland, Norway, Denmark uye zvichingodaro. D.).

kupatsanura Nyika iri boka pasi kukurukurwa Socio-zvoupfumi allocates imwe yoga subgroup nyika Resettlement kuti capitalism. Zviri South Africa, New Zealand, Israel, Australia. Vose vakanga kamwe mapoka Britain. Vane agrarian uye mbishi specialization munyika kutengeserana.

Mwero kubudirira mune zvoupfumi nyika

Classifying munyika pave mamiriro ezveupfumi, dzoga boka kare uye socio-zvemari dzakasiyana yapfuura typology.

inoti kwakadaro hakuna zvakawanda, asi vanogona kukamurwa mamwe marudzi. Boka rokutanga rinosanganisira nyika, dzichiri vakazvimiririra uye ukasvika avhareji pamwero mumunda management. Muenzaniso unoshamisa ezvinhu akadaro anogona kunzi Ireland.

Kupatsanura Nyika maererano zvoupfumi unoratidza zvinotevera subgroup wehurumende vakafirwa aichimbova rokuchinja upfumi hwenyika. Ndivo zvishoma shure kwayo kuvandudza zvikuru capitalist inoti. Maererano socio-upfumi kupatsanura, subgroup ichi zvinosanganisira nyika dzakadai Greece, Spain, Portugal.

kusimukira

boka iri ndicho vakawanda uye zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvinosanganisira nyika nevanhu vanoverengeka nematambudziko nokure mamiriro ezveupfumi, zvose nechinzwano zvekunze. Havakwanisi uye unyanzvi. The chikwereti kwokunze nyika idzi ihuru kwazvo. Vane zvoupfumi ukama hwakasimba.

Kupatsanura Nyika iri kukura muchikwata ichi kunosanganisirawo State umo vakaperekedza kurwa kana kurwisana kwemarudzi. Ivo kunyanya kugara dzakaderera zvepamusoro munyika kutengeserana.

Dzichiri kusimukira kupa kune dzimwe States kunyanya mbishi zvinhu kana zvirimwa. Pane urovha mwero uye kushaya mari.

boka iri zvinosanganisira anenge 150 munyika. Naizvozvo, pano pane subtypes zvakakodzerwa nezvazvo.

Mhando kusimukira

Kupatsanura Nyika maererano zvoupfumi ari boka dzichiri rinozivisa subgroups akawanda.

Wokutanga ndiwo kunyika anokosha (Brazil, India, Mexico). Vane mukana mukuru pakati zvimwe zvakafanana inoti. upfumi hwavo ndiye hwakasiyana-siyana zvikuru. Nyika idzi dzine yakawanda basa, mbishi zvinhu uye upfumi zvedu.

Young vasunungurwa inoti zvinosanganisira munyika 60. Vazhinji vavo exporters mafuta. upfumi hwavo achiri Virtual, uye ramangwana youtano kuchaenderana chete pamusoro akagamuchira simba zveupfumi sarudzo. Kuwanda vakadaro inoti yaisanganisira Saudi Arabia, Brazil, Kuwait, Libya, Brunei, Qatar.

Chechitatu subgroup vari munyika nekaupenyu akura capitalism. Ndiyo mamiriro apo pakudzorwa mumusika upfumi hwakasimbiswa chete mumakumi emakore mashomanana apfuura.

Kupatsanura Nyika nekaupenyu akura capitalism

Mune subgroup kunyika pakureva capitalism kukura iri dzinounzwa wandei subspecies. Wokutanga ndiwo mamiriro Resettlement mhando ne mangwanani kukura guta zvaanoda (Argentina, Uruguay). vagari wavo ane kumbonyanya yakakwirira nemararamiro, iyo yakaitwa zvikwanisike Vongai akatevedzana zvinhu zvitsva.

The kupatsanura Nyika vemu sub-mapoka ehurumende allocates krupnoanklavnogo kukura capitalism. Foreign majekiseni kupinda upfumi kuburikidza aina mbishi zvinhu kwiza hombe chicherwa deposits.

Zvinotevera unotsanangura subspecies munyika vneshneorientirovannogo mikana kukura capitalism. upfumi Its rinonyatsotarira ekisipoti uye imupota kuzvitsinhanisa.

A mutsauko zvakare munyika kukura uye tendero strany- "Landlords" dzisina mhando.

GDP uye GNI

Pane chakajairika kupatsanura pakati padanho GDP pa capita. Chinosimbisa nechepakati uye peripheral kumatunhu. Central kubatanidza nyika 24, zvachose GDP mukurima nyika iri 55% uye 71% muna zvinonakisa kunze kwenyika.

Group nechepakati inoti ndiyo padanho GDP paminiti capita anenge $ 27 500. pedo arikunze munyika vane zvakafanana ndeuke uwandu $ 8600. Dzichiri kusimukira vane ukama arikunze kure. GDP wavo chete $ 3,500, uye dzimwe nguva kunyange zvishoma.

Economic kupatsanura venyika kuti kushandisa World Bank anoshandisa GNI pa capita. Izvi zvinobvumira kuti kusarudza boka munyika chemhando mwero vaiona munyika 56. Uye mamiriro, "huru nomwe", kunyange zvaisanganisira mariri, asi kwete munzvimbo yokutanga.

Avhareji pamwero GNI yakanyorwa Russia, Belarus, China, uye kunyange munyika 102. Low GNI kuchengetwa inoti kure arikunze. Izvi zvinosanganisira 33 inotaura, kusanganisira Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan.

UN kupatsanura

The United Nations yave dzinounzwa dzinokwana 60 dzakabudirira, vane zvepamusoro prices mune musika upfumi, zvesayenzi uye kugadzira zvinhu mberi, kugadzirwa kunyatsoshanda. The sangano zvakare inorangarira pachiyero dzevanhu uye magariro netsika vemo. GDP pa capita Munyika idzi vanhu riri pamusoro 25 000 $. Maererano chakarurama ichi, uye Russia ndiyo pakati dzakabudirira. Zvisinei, Qualitative zviratidzo zviri kwenzanga pezvakaitwa murege tifunge Russian Federation, UN pfungwa, imwe dzakabudirira nyika.

All post-mugovanisi nyika kubudikidza sangano nokuwanda munyika upfumi mu iitike. Dzimwe nyika zvisiri muzvirevo mumapoka maviri, rakava United Nations kuti kusimukira vane mukuru kana mudiki papi, matambudziko ari socio-upfumi bhora.

zvinhu izvi uye zvimwe kubvumira kuti boka hurumende zvimwe subtypes. The kupatsanura Nyika iri kunobatsira okufananidza pachisara kwakavakirwa paunogona kuita kuronga uye kuwedzera nzvimbo yavo yemberi.