Izvo zvinotyisa zvezana remakore. Zvinonyadzisa uye zvinokanganisa

Muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri rakapinda munhoroondo sezana remakore rokunyepedzera uye kunyengera kukuru. Kutengeswa kweEiffel Tower, mapiramidi emari, MMM, kurohwa, kurapwa kwezvokurapa ndezveruzhinji rusina kukwana rwemaitiro akakatyamadza vanhu. Saka, tinokuzivisa iwe TOP-10: kunyengera kunonyanya kuwanda kwezana remakore.

10 nzvimbo. A duet uyo asingazivi kuimba

Kuyera kwemaitiro makuru ezana remakore rechi20 kunowanikwa nevakakurumbira muma 80-90s. Chikwata cheGermany chinonzi Milli Vanilli. Rob Pilatus naTrucrice Morvan vakaderera munhau sevaduku vasingagoni kuimba.

Millian Vanilli akachengetedzwa nemudzidzisi wekuGermany anonzi Frank Farian. Doo yakasikwa mumavambo makumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi matanhatu emakore ekupedzisira uye yakakurumidza kugamuchirwa munyika yose. Zvikuru zvinoratidza, zviitiko mumaguta makuru eEurope, mamiriyoni evhuti - zvose izvi zvakava zvechokwadi kune vaimbova vatambi Rob naFaris. Nhamba yepamusoro yakakurumbira ye duo yaiva muna 1990, apo Milli Vanilli akawana gwaro rakanaka reGrammy pakusarudzwa "Best Artist Artist". Zvisinei, basa reboka racho rakabva ravhiringidzika nemhaka yezvakaipa. Munguva yekambani muBristol (USA), apo Rob naFaris vakaimba "kurarama", pakanga pane kukanganisa kwekodhiki kwekadhi, apo phonogram yakanyorwa. Somugumisiro, mutsara kubva parwiyo rukuru runoti "Musikana Waunoziva Icho Ichokwadi" yakadzokororwa kazhinji, uye duo yaifanira kubva muchitambo. Zvakaitika kuti panguva yemitauriro yavo, Pilatus naMorvan vakatevedzera kuimba, uye mazwi epakutanga aive evaAmerica vainzi Charles Shaw, Brad Howell naJohn Davis.

Mushure mekunyadzisa, chirwere chakareba chakatevera. Somugumisiro, iyo duo yakamanikidzwa kusiya mitsara yose. Mukuwedzera, vateereri vakanyengerwa vaizobhadharwa nekuda kwemari yezvinyorwa zvakatengwa zveMilli Vanilli uye matikiti emakonti avo.

9 nzvimbo. Chishamiso chaJohn Brinkley

Nzvimbo yepfumbamwe muhutano hwedu "Kubiridzira kunonyanya kuwanda kwezana remakore" kunoshandiswa nekunyengera kwezvokurapa kwaJohn Brinkley. Uyu murume akakwanisa mumakore mashomanana kutendeuka kubva mumusha wevarombo mumusha kuti ave multimillionaire!

John Brinkley akaberekerwa mumusha muduku weAmerica. Muhuduku hwake aifanira kushanda zvakaoma. Yaiva panguva ino apo John akatanga kufunga pamusoro pemari yepamutemo. "Vadzidzisi" Brinkley vakazivikanwa muNorth Carolina scammers uye con artists.

Muna 1918, John akatenga dhipatimendi rechiremba uye akatanga kushandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekubiridzira. Mutungamiri wenhema akatora matambudziko ekugadzirisa chinetso chechikadzi. Akapa varwere vake "zviratidzo zvinoshamisa" kubva pamvura yakanyoroveswa. Zvino John Brinkley akava nemamwe pfungwa yakajeka. Nokukurumidza mutungamiriri wenhema akakurudzira vanhu vose kuti hutano hwepabonde hwembudzi huchabatsira kugadzirisa dambudziko racho nesimba. Makore maviri gare gare, bhizimisi idzva raVaBrinkley rakatanga kuunza mari inoshamisa. Mumwedzi mumwe iye neaaishanda navo vakaitisa mabasa makumi mashanu! Muna 1923, bhizimisi akabudirira akatenga nzvimbo yake yeredhiyo, pamafungu ayo aakazivisa kliniki yaDkt. Brinkley.

Muma 30-ies. Chiremba wenhema akamanikidzwa kuzadzisa chiremba. VaBrinkley vakagamuchira mhosva dzakawanda nekuda kwekufa kwevaimbova varwere. Muna 1941, mutengesi akakurumbira akabudiswa pachena.

8 nzvimbo. Offender-artist

Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, kuwedzera kwebhengi hwebhengi kwakaparadza Umambo hweRussia. Mabhanga makuru munyika ino akarasikirwa nemari yakawanda. Dambudziko racho rakadzoserwa kwenguva yakareba, sezvo masangano aisada kurasikirwa nechivimbo chemamiriyoni avo. Gare gare zvakazoitika kuti izvi zvose zvekubiridzira zvakaitwa pasi pekutungamirirwa kweimwe Mikhail Tsereteli. Mumativi akasiyana eRussia aizivikanwa nemazita akasiyana: Prince Tumanov, Eristavi, Andronnikov.

Tsereteli akadana vanhu vakapfuma voumambo kuti vabatane, vakabvisa mapasipoti avo uye vakagadzirisa mabhengi avo. Muna 1913, mutengesi akakwanisa kutora unyengeri hukuru muGermany. Akaronga kuunganidzwa kwemari yekuvakwa nekugadzirisa kwezvikepe, uye ndokugadzirisa mari yakawanda.

Imwe tsanangudzo yeSereteli yakange iri kupamba kwevakadzi vakapfuma muEurope resorts. Murume wechidiki akakurumidza kuzvibvisa kuva chivimbo, uye akabva akwezva mari yakawanda kubva kuvakadzi.

Muna 1914, pasi pezita rinonzi Prince Tumanov, Tsereteli vakagara muOdessa. Gore rakatevera akasungwa. Zvakaitika kuti muna 1914-1915 chete. Nyokwe yakashandurwa kupfuura zvinopfuura 10 big scams! Kunyange zvakadaro Tsereteli haana kumbozvitsvakira zvikonzero, akazvitaura chete achiti: "Handisi mutadzi, ndiri muenzi".

7 nzvimbo. Nditorei Kana Iwe Unogona

Frank Abignail kwemakore mashanu akaita nhamba yakawanda yezvakawanda zvikuru. Uyu murume akaburuka muAmerica nhoroondo semukuru mukuru wevanhu. Mukuwedzera, zvichibva paupenyu hwehutu hunopenya, firimu yaSteven Spielberg "Catch Me If You Can" yakapfurwa. Saka, chii Frank Frankgneyle anozivikanwa?

Iko kushorwa kukuru kwaVaBhignale kwaiva nechokuita nekugadzirwa kwemabhuku ebhangi. Mhosva dzake Frank akatanga pazera remakore gumi nemaviri, achinyengera baba vake. Kusvikira ava nemakore makumi maviri nemaviri, jaya "rakaedza" mabasa akawanda. Akanga ari chiremba wevana, purofesa wemagariro evanhu uye kunyange mutongi wevoruzhinji weLouisana! Kubva pamanyengeri aVaAbhigneyl, vanoisa mabanki ema 26 Europe enyika vanotambura.

Pakazosvika 21, mutengesi akasungwa. Asi mushure memakore mashanu, akasunungurwa mberi kwenguva yakareba kuti munhu wekare akazvinyengera achashanda pamwe neFBI. Somugumisiro, kwemakore anodarika makumi mana, Frank Abigneyle akakurudzira Bureau reInvestigations uye akabatsira mukuratidza vatengesi.

6 nzvimbo. The Fake Rockefeller

Christopher Rokankurt akaberekerwa mumusha muduku wechiFrance. Pazera remakore makumi maviri nemaviri akaita mhosva yake yokutanga - kubavha kweGeneva Bank. Pashure pacho, VaRokankurt vanoenda kuUnited States. Pakutanga, Christopher aiva mune chivimbo chevakadzi vakapfuma, achiita semwanakomana wake Sophia Loren kana muzukuru wa Dino de Laurentiis. Nenguva isipi VaRokankurt vakagadzira rondedzero itsva. Akava nhengo yemhuri yemabhengi eAmerican James Rockefeller, muvambi anozivikanwa we Standard Standard. Upenyu hwakapfuma, kutarisirwa kwevakadzi, hupenyu hwehupi-yega-izvi zvose zvakava zvechokwadi kune munhu aimbova murombo. Christopher Rockefeller anokurumidza kusimbisa mukutendwa kwevanhu vakakurumbira. Shamwari dzake dzaiva Jean Claude Van Dam naMickey Rourke. Asi mukurumbira weRockefeller yakaipa wakagara kwenguva pfupi. Muna 2000, Christopher Rokankurt akasungwa. Mushure mokuita chibvumirano, mutengesi akaenda kuHong Kong, kwaakaramba achinyengera. Muna 2001, akasungwazve uye akatongerwa mhosva yekushandisa madhora makumi mana emadhora.

5 nzvimbo. MMM

Nzvimbo yechishanu munzvimbo yekunyadzisa kukuru ndiyo piramidi yemari yeMMM. Mavrodi Sergey anofungidzirwa kuti ndiye anoronga hunyengeri hukuru munhoroondo yeRussia. Chimiro chakavakwa muna 1989 uye chakaramba chichishanda kusvika muna 1994. Kuronga maMMM, Mavrodi akasarudza kuita zita kubva kune tsamba dzokutanga dzemazita evanhu varo (Sergei Panteleevich pachake, munun'una wake naOlga Melnikova). Pakutanga, kambani yacho yakanga iri kutengeswa kwemakombiyuta. Kubvira muna 1992, sangano rakatanga kutora zvikamu zvaro, zvakatengeswa zvikuru kwazvo. Ipapo Mavrodi akaisa mitsara inonzi mitMiti. Mutengo wekiti imwe chete yaiva 1/100 yematengo. Kunze, zvaive zvakafanana neRussia rubles, asi pakati pepepa yaiva mufananidzo weMavrodi pachake. Muna 1994, MMM yaiva nemadhora anodarika mamiriyoni 12. MunaAgasti 1994, chivande chinotanga che piramidhi yemari yakasungwa, uye basa reMMM rakagumiswa. Maererano nemitemo yakasiyana-siyana, vanenge gumi nemamiriyoni vanochengetwa vakatambudzwa nekunyengera kwaSergei Mavrodi.

Mazano emari - rimwe rematambudziko makuru ezana remakore rechi20. Chimiro chaSergei Mavrodi chakanga chisingori imwe chete yekambani dzakashata dzakakanganisa mamiriyoni evanhu. Nhamba yemapiramidi emari yezana remakore rechi20 unogona kuona pasi apa.

Mapiramidi anozivikanwa zvikuru emari

• Piramidi yeDona Branca. Muna 1970, mugari wePortugal, Donna Brank, akazarura bhandi rake. Kuti atokwe vanoisa mari, akapikira mutengo wegore negore weanenge 10% kune mumwe mutengi. Zviuru zvevanhu vanobva kune dzimwe nyika vakapa mari yavo kubhangi. Asi muna 1984, Dona Brank akasungwa nokuda kwekubiridzira, uye piramidhi yakawanda yemari yakaputsika.
• Chikwata chaLou Perlman. Uyu mupfumi ane ruzivo akazivikanwa nekutengesa migove yekambani dzisiripo kune anenge madhora mazana matatu emadhora.
• The European Royal Club ikambani yakasimbiswa naHans Spahtholtz naDamara Bertges. Somugumisiro webasa rekunyengera, zviuru zvevatengesi vanobva kunyika dzakasiyana-siyana vakarashika anenge 1 mabhiriyoni emadhora.

Piramidi yemari yezana remakore rechi20

Mapiramidhi emari haasiwo dambudziko rezana remakore rechi20. Zvimwe zvakasiyana zvezvirongwa zvemhosva zvinoramba zvichiri kuitwa kusvikira ikozvino. Isu tinokurudzira iwe kunyorwa kwezvinyanya kuzivikanwa piramidi yemari yezana remakore rechi21.

• "Double Shah" chirongwa chakagadzirwa nemumwe mudzidzisi wePakistan Sayed Shah. Pakutanga akaita sarudzo yakanaka kune vavakidzani vake, achivimbisa kukurumidza kuwedzera mari yavo. Nokukurumidza piramidi yakawedzera munyika yose. Somugumisiro, Shah akakwanisa kutengesa vashandi zvinopfuura $ 800 mamiriyoni.
• Iyo piramidi yaBarnard Medoff - chirongwa chikuru chakarongedzwa nemabhizimisi eAmerica, inofananidzwa seimwe yenhepfenyuro yakawanda yehupfumi munhoroondo. Somugumisiro wemabasa ekubhadhara mari yeMedoff, vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni matatu vakanyengerwa. Ikukuvadza kwakaitwa nevarimi kunofungidzirwa pa 65 mabhiriyoni emadhora.

4 nzvimbo. Nheyo dzezvemari Charles Ponzi

Nzvimbo yechina muhutano hwedu "Kubiridzira kwakanyanya kwemazana emakore" kunobatwa nekunyengera kwemari kwaCharles Ponzi. Mutongi Ponzi anoonekwa seimwe yezvinonyanya kukanganisa muAmerica. Izvo ramangwana rezvemari rakauya kunyika yacho muna 1903. Maererano naPonzi pachake, aiva "madhora maviri uye mamiriyoni emadhora mune tariro" muhomwe yake. Muna 1919, akwereta $ 200 kubva kune shamwari yake ndokutanga piramidi yake yezvemari SXC. Ponzi akapa vashandi vake mari yekutengesa uye kutenga zvigaro munyika dzakasiyana. Mukuwedzera, mutengesi uyu akavimbisa vashandi vake 50% yebhorodha kubva pane iyo yaita mari kwemwedzi mitatu. Ponzi chirongwa chakatanga kushanda zvakanaka. Zvisinei, hurongwa hwakangwara hwakakoromoka apo shamwari yaCharles, iyo yakanga yambomupa mari, yakakumbira hafu yemari yaPonzi. Muedzo wakareba wakazotevera, panguva iyo "genius" yemari yakanzi yakasvibiswa uye yakatamirwa kunyika yake. Charles Ponzi akafa muRio de Janeiro, kwaakavigwa pamadhora ake ekupedzisira 75.

3 nzvimbo. Swindler-prodigy

Nzvimbo yechitatu munhamba yekuti "Zvikamu zvakawanda zvikuru zvezana remakore" zvinoshandiswa nekunyengera kwaMartin Frenkel. Uyu murume, pamwe naCharles Ponzi, inonzi inonyanya kushandiswa mumhoroondo yeUnited States. Kubva paudiki, Martin akaparara nekuguma kwebhizimisi anobudirira. Mukomana wacho akapedza chikoro mberi kwepurogiramu, uye akabva apinda yunivhesiti.

Nzira yake yezvakaipa ndeyekunyengedzera kwakanaka muna 1986, yakatangwa iyo inowanikwa mari yeClub Partners Partners Fund LP. Somugumisiro, Martin Frenkel akakwanisa kutengesa madhora $ 1 mamiriyoni kubva kune vashandi vake. Makore mashomanana gare gare, iyo scammer yakatanga imwe mari yekutsvaga mari uye naizvozvo zvakanyanya kuwedzerwa mari yake.

Makore mashomanana gare gare Frenkel akauya nechirwere chitsva ndokutanga kutenga mabhizinesi einishuwarenzi mune dzimwe nyika.

Muna 1998, munhu akangwara akangwara akatanga mazivi maviri anokosha: pamwe nemumiri weAmerica kuU.SR uye pamwe chete nomupristi mukuru weKaturike Baba Jacob. Nekubatsira kwavo, vakaronga nheyo dzinobatsira pakutsigira kereke yeAmerica, iyo, chaizvoizvo, yaiva imwe piramidi yemari.

Mabasa aVaFrenkel akamira mu 2001, apo akasungwa uye akatongerwa makore 200.

2 nzvimbo. Scam 419

Nzvimbo yechipiri muhuwandu hwedu inobatwa nekunyengera kukuru kwemari kwezana remakore rechi20. Munhoroondo, yakapinda se "Nigerian letters", kana kuti "Afera 419". Inofanira kuonekwa kuti chirongwa chinoratidzwa pasi apa, chinoramba chichishanda kusvikira zvino.

Scam 419 yakatanga muma1980. Muzana remakore rapfuura. Panguva ino, boka remakororo rakaumbwa muNigeria, iro rakatanga kushandisa nzira yekare yekunyengedza vagari vengoro. Nenguva isipi iyi nzira yekunyengera inopararira kuInternet. Chii chinonyanya kukosha cheNigerian tsamba?

Tsamba kune vanhu vanobva kunyika dzakasiyana vanobva kuNigeria kana kune dzimwe nyika dzeAfrica. Mumiriri anoteterera mubatsiri kuti abatsire mumashandiro emamiriyoni akawanda, achivimbisa chikamu chakasimba. Kazhinji, mutumiririri anomiririrwa naimbova mambo, mupfumi wepfuma kana bhangi. Tsamba yacho ine chikumbiro chekubatsirwa pakuendesa mari yakawanda kune imwe nyika kana kuwana nhaka. Kana uyo akagamuchira achibvumirana kubatsira mutumwa, saka haasi kungogamuchira mari yakapikirwa, asi inorasikirwa neye.

1 nzvimbo. Kutengesa kweEiffel Tower

Saka, nzvimbo yekutanga muhutano hwedu inobatwa nechepakutanga yakawanda yezana remakore rechi20. Mutungamiri wayo ndiye Victor Lustig. Uyu mupfumi akapinda munhoroondo yenyika semunhu akatengesa Eiffel Tower.

Pakutanga kwezana remakumi maviri nemazana makumi maviri nemaviri, munhu wekuCzech Republic, Victor Lustig akagara muParis. Pano anodzokorora zvishomanana, ndokuzoenda kuUnited States. Muna 1925, Lustig akadzokera kuParis. Ikoko, pamapeji eimwe yemapepanhau, akaverenga shoko rinotaura kuti Eiffel Tower yakanga isingabatsiri uye inoda kugadziriswa kana kuparadzwa. Mashoko aya akashanda senheyo yezvitsva zvitsva. Lustig, achizvizivisa semutungamiri weFrance, anotumira teregiramu kumakwikwi akaisvonaka kwazvo eEurope achida kubatanidzwa mukukurukurirana kwekusvika kwekupedzisira kwechiratidzo chikuru cheParis. Panguva imwechete inovavimbisa kudikanwa kwekuchengetedza ruzivo urwu zvakavanzika. Somugumisiro, nokuda kwemadhora makumi mashanu, Victor Lustig akatengesa kodzero yekudzorerazve Eiffel Tower kusvika Andre Poisson. Vakuru vakuru veFrance avo vaitevera mhirizhonga nguva pfupi pashure pacho, vakanyarara.

Lustig akatamira kuUnited States, asi makore mashomanana gare gare akadzokera kuParis uye zvakare akatengesa Eiffel Tower (ino nguva ye $ 75 000).