Italian Palace: nhoroondo, tsananguro. zvinokwezva Kronstadt

vashanyi vakawanda vanoda kuona Italian palace St. Petersburg. Asi kutsvaka pfungwa kufarira guta riri Neva haasi zvakakodzera. Mushure mumuzinda, chichakurukurwa munyaya ino haisi muSt Petersburg uye Kronstadt. Chivako nakisa chinonziwo Dzimba pamusoro Menshikov, nokuti yakavakwa kuti "Most Serene Prince." Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti shamwari yapedyo Peter Mukuru akanga dzoushe matatu. First muNzvimbo St. Petersburg, wechipiri - uye wechitatu oranienbaumin - Kronstadt.

Zvino raiva rekupedzisira mumuzinda dwarfs runako maviri okutanga. Ndezvokuti, Menshikov saka haana nguva kunakidzwa zvose umbozha ichi. Akasungwa uye akatuma kuutapwa, uye munda wakapfuurira nehurumende muchivigiro. Asi nei Kronstadt akava muzinda pakuvaka yamambo? Chii chakanga chinogutsa muna Kotlin Island, iyo panguva iyoyo muna makumi mashanu chete kubva St. Petersburg? Izvi uchadzidza kubva ino.

zvinokwezva Kronstadt

Nzvimbo Peter Mukuru akasarudza kuisa guta, akazara zvitsuwa. On mumwe wavo, Kotlin, mambo akarayira kuti kuvaka nhare. Kwaiva kudzivirira kumukova pamuromo Neva kubva Swedish ngarava. nhare iyi yakavakwa May 1704. Yainzi "Kronshlot" - wamambo Castle. Asi uto nhare zvishoma nezvishoma vashoma dzimba zvavo. Makore makumi maviri gare gare, pane atova kutenga maberere, pakavakirwa selilos vatengesi. Naizvozvo zita akazonzi Kronstadt - guta roumambo. Akanga akapoteredzwa nhare kuti vava ayo chikuru zvinokwezva: "The Emperor Alexander I", "Kronshlot", "Totleben" uye "Obruchev".

Pane pachitsuwa uye mubindu yezhizha. From Kronstadt machechi taura zvinofanira kuitwa Vladimir uye Kronstadt Naval Cathedral. Uye, chokwadi, chinhu chinokosha Kukwezva guta iri chitsuwa ndiye Menshikov Palace. Kero maumbirwo ichi ine nhoroondo yakaoma iri sezvinotevera: Makarovsky Street 3. Nhasi Kronstadt akarega kuva chitsuwa chiri wakaoma pfungwa shoko: muna 1984, mai ava chokuita ake rori panzira St. Petersburg. Asi nhoroondo peguta iri pasi auspices UNESCO, sezvinoita World Heritage nzvimbo.

Sei Italian wamambo, saka akadana?

Mumwe anowana pfungwa kuti Alexander Menshikov mwoyo kuvaka makamuri dzavo ezvivako kubva kweItari. Zvisinei, misperception ichi. Mutariri basa ezvivako German. purojekiti kuvaka yakanga yakagadzirwa ne I. F. Braunshteyn. Akatungamirira basa H. Schedel. Kuitira muenzaniso vokuGermany akatora palazzo, uko wakafuma Italy. Pane pfungwa kuti basa vashandi munhuwo pakuvaka yamambo vaiva zvemo Peninsula, asi shanduro iyi sokudaro. Ungangove, Menshikov chete aifarira manyorero rokuItari Baroque uye German ezvivako kunge dzakashandisa utsinye ezvinhu zvitsuwa yake Gulf.

Chivako rakavakwa ane namazana manomwe namakumi maviri pazuva gore rechimakumi maviri nemana. Italian mumuzinda kazhinji achinja varidzi. It dzimba pachikoro, izvo zvinozivikanwa kuti zvinotikuvadza kwazvo zvivako zvenhau netsika ukoshi. Kunyanya dzakachinja pakuonekwa youshe rokuvakazve AN Akutina uye E. H. Ahnert, iyo yakaitwa pezana-namapfumbamwe remakore.

History: remakore namasere

Pakazopera pakuvaka Italian yamambo, Russia uye Sweden akasaina chibvumirano, uye Menshikov akawira kupinda kunyadziswa. kuchamuka ake akapfuura muchivigiro. Munguva 1740s mumuzinda akadana kumba kwake Imperial Rake mambo. Makore makumi maviri gare gare, College of Admiralty vakatamira rokuItari kumuzinda. Kronstadt panguva yakanga kugara basa St. Petersburg chete inodziya mwaka nokuda kufamba nechikepe magwa. Naizvozvo, inoshandiswa hurumende haina kutora chivakwa, kunyange zvazvo akanga akanyorwa zvaaipomera. Ipapo chivakwa youshe hwakatamisirwa pachikoro navigators, rinotungamirirwa Stepan Malygin. Kubva 1771 kusvika 1798 okumusoro akanga ari mutariri Naval kadheti Corps.

Kugadzirisa rechigumi nemapfumbamwe remakore

Muna 1815 zvakanzi pakupedzisira yakasimbiswa dzose kutaurirana pakati Kronstadt uye St. Petersburg. Sailboats private cabs akatsiviwa "passazhboty" yakarongerwa naCharles Byrd. Yakanga Russia yokutanga pachena mvura senga. Kotlin chitsuwa zvava nyore. Uye kubvira 1798 kusvika 1872-fung kufamba mugungwa School of St. Petersburg vakatamira rokuItari kumuzinda. Gare gare sangano iri kunzi Marine Technical, uye pamberi October Revolution rakatumidzwa Engineering.

Students kugara chivakwa yenhau pamusoro chinhu chinosiririsa nzira inobatsira pamaitiro ayo vakachengeteka. Uye nguva, uye vhuvhuta okunze asina akaponesa chivako. Mune forties ari namapfumbamwe remakore rakachengetedzwa rakatanga yakakura kugadzirisa yamambo. Basa rakaitwa maererano urongwa ezvivako Akutina uye Stasov. Kumadokero rusvingo mumuzinda rwakavhunika kadheti munda uye pamusoro-nzvimbo Courtyard - Admiralty. Pakupera chivakwa remakore akawedzera zvikuru (Project L. Novikova).

Zvaiita sokunge Italian Palace (Kronstadt)?

Pakutanga zvakanga nenhurikidzwa nhatu, kwakarungwa mu rokuItari Baroque manyorerwo. France ayo ari akashongedzwa pilasters, Bhanabhasi-reliefs, decoration ibwe tumabhodhoro netumidziyo. Roof korona achishandisa balustrade pamwe zvivezwa. Panenge panguva imwe chete rokuItari mumuzinda, mudhamu akanga acherwa pamberi huru France meimba. Mapurani Giovanni Fontana raakavaka akawanda dhazeni matsime.

dziva ichi, ainzi nokuda Italian yamambo, ndokuenda vatengesi 'chengarava. Akashanda nokuti chando zvikepe. Pamahombekombe Cranes maviri akashanda akabvisa rechikepe kubva zvikepe, uye kutanga rwendo akazviisa panzvimbo yavo. A achitengesa uye chiteshi akasvika zvikepe vaiuya nehove Lake Ladoga. Kuti kuchinjanisa pamahombekombe yakavakwa imba, iyo afanane nemamiriro vekare. Rakanzi chivako dzekare manyorerwo Fish pemitsara. Pakati pezana remakore rechigumi nepfumbamwe Italian dzoushe remakore kuvaka pasi rechina.

chivakwa ano

Fire yakaitika muna 1926, akaparadza chii asina vakapambara vadzidzi. Chivako rukaporeswa, asi hazvisi kungofanana pamusoro chivakwa yepakutanga. Mumuzinda wakashanyira yeImba Red Army, Sailor kwakaita Club, dzimbahwe kuBaltic Fleet. Ipapo rakanga rakavakwa yemitambo. Kubvira pakupera 2011 imwe wengarava miziyamu sezvo bazi rakanga mumaoko rokuItari palace Kronstadt. Nokushanda kwadzinoita tsika masangano ari nyore. Hazvina wakazaruka kubva 8:15 kusvika 17:15, pamwe neawa yekuzorora kwemasikati. Musi weMugovera neSvondo, imba asingadi kushanda.