Inoshamisa kwacho mutemo weRoma: musimboti uye kukosha

mutemo weRoma akava hwaro akaumba pamutemo mugadziriro dzakawanda. mavambo ayo, zvinotora guta duku Rome, iyo gare gare kukava nesimba uye mukuru hweRoma, izvo zvakaita kuti tikwanise kuparadzanisa misimboti mutemo weRoma Europe yose. Uye regai mumwe nyika, mumwe pamutemo hurongwa warwo vachinzwisisa uye akashandisa upfumi ichi, nuances zhinji, dzinova Conceptual-categorical midziyo, kunyatsogona uye zviri pamutemo hurongwa zvichiripo. Wandei nzvimbo inoshamisa kwacho mutemo weRoma sezvo muchimiro kwoutsinye muitiro.

Civil zvekufamba hweRoma

Roman vehurumende muitiro, nhoroondo chidzoke uye kukura izvo chikwereti zvikuru yakakurumbira muRoma jurist, papfungwa basa epistemological zvinoreva yose mutemo weRoma. The chikuru zvinoumba muitiro zvinogona Akaongorora kunokwana vakawanda codifications, ramakagadzwa wehurumende regiune Emperor Justinian mutemo - Corpus juris civilis. Roman wehurumende zvekufamba kana sezvazvakanyorwa kunzi, weRoma vehurumende zvekufamba - ndiro basa chairo vanhu vanobatanidzwa panyaya, uye dare zvavo chibvumirano dzemunharaunda uye nenheyo yevagari nzira mutemo. Kukosha yevagari nzira nenzira kwayo, dzinoti legisaktsionnom, formulary uye kunoshamisa.

Legisaktsionny basa mutemo weRoma vehurumende

Izvi mhando kwacho ndiyo zvekare. Akawana nzvimbo yake shure mumitemo XII matafura, uye akanga chete kutongwa. Zita nzira iyi kwacho kunoitika kubva legis actio, iro anoshandura se "kwepamutemo" - kudzivirira kodzero kuburikidza kumiririrwa. Nokuongorora nhoroondo yose vehurumende muitiro, legisaktsionny zvakachengeteka kunzi kupfuura inoomesera. Chikonzero ichi - chinhu chaizvo kupfuura basa chokungoitawo. It zvakakwana zvinoratidza muenzaniso Gayo, hunobviswa "Institutes of Justinian": Kana mhou yainzi mhou, kwete mhuka, ipapo vanoti haangavi kugutsikana, kwete nokuti raizotevedzera murairo anobata chete nemhuka.

Formulary kwacho mutemo weRoma

The maonero kupfuura akakwana panguva iyo anga inoshamisa nedanho mutemo weRoma, asi yaingova danho pamberi pake formulary. Mushure legisaktsionnogo, chimiro ichi akabvumira rose vehurumende mutemo "fema" kubva pakuparadzwa wevakadzidza kuumbwa, izvo yekudyidzana nokudzungudza pamusoro pokumuka mutemo. Yezwi mutsva danho zvachose Rakasimbisa inonzi pretorskoe zvakanaka, zvokuti muparamende akakwanisa kupindura nokukurumidza kune kuchinja pamutemo hurongwa. The muitiro rakakamurwa muzvikamu zviviri. zvekufamba Legal rokutanga chokutambudzika kwakaguma pakusikwa nzira-manotsi akanyorwa praetor, iro rinoti zvose yacho uye vakanga kutevedzera kumutongi pamusoro sarudzo. Chechipiri danho kwakaitika kare zvakananga pamberi mutongi.

Inoshamisa kwacho mutemo weRoma

Kukura mutemo weRoma haana kurega uye kuramba vakashanyira kundotsvaka chimiro ichi muitiro, kuti zvaizova zvakasiyana kunonyanyisa nyore uye undemanding. mumwe muitiro kwakadaro kwava nemamwe ordinem, kana zvinoshamisa. Pakatanga nheyo iyi, nhamba akanyangarika mutongi private, zvose kutaura vave sechinhu wedzimhosva, uye Masvomhu uye zvepamutemo panzvimbo yechipiri. Musimboti kwacho kutaurwa inoshamisa yaibvira Kudzokorora uye kuongorora nyaya chete chete chikamu yacho mukwiriri. To ichi zvaidiwa akakodzera zvinhu. It wakakurira ingaita kukundikana kuenda kudare. Izvi imhaka ndechokuti mutongi haana zvichikosha sapamazuva yapfuura siyana acho, uye mabasa ayo chikuru administrative akava dambudziko hworuvazhe mumwe musi. Kana hakusi mukwirirwi, nyaya haina yakavharwa uye disassembled pasina iye, asi mukwiriri kukundikana mudare kunobatanidza kugumiswa nezvawo.

Kukosha inoshamisa kwacho kutanga zvakarurama hurongwa

The kunoshamisa mutoo mutemo weRoma akava mudariro zvachose itsva nedanho kukura yevagari Rome. Uyu waiva mutsva maonero zvekufamba zvakazoita kuti zvakawanda nokuchinja pamutemo hurongwa. chimiro ichi kunoratidzwa refu mwero mukana wokushandiswa uye Kuwanikwa kutaurirana pamwechete administrative maitiro. Nemhaka inoshamisa kwacho wehurumende mutemo hurongwa akaonekwa Institute asipo zvekufamba. Nyaya haina zvakurukurwa, unopfuura vaviri acho, uye sarudzo iri raiva chirevo hurumende simba, kwete private mutongi. Panguva iyoyowo inoshamisa muitiro zvikuru bureaucratic pane formulary. Mutongi aiva nemachinda, uye pakupera nyaya yaiva kutaura pachinzvimbo Kesari. Danho iri kukura Roman vehurumende muitiro kwakaratidza chikuru zviri mutemo weRoma mukupera munguva. Active kumativi mhosva uye ruzhinji chaizvo muitiro vakava shoma, uye anomanikidza, bureaucratic akatanga kuwedzera.

postclassical muitiro

Akoromoke hweRoma achapiwa uratidzwe vose inobudisawo pamutemo hurongwa. Postclassical muitiro - unogadzurudzirwa somugumisiro kuchinja mamiriro kunoshamisa chimiro. Musiyano mukuru kubva chaiwo tarirai - navanopinda kushanda kunyora acho uye, sezvo zvakaguma kuchinja mhinduro litigation pakuvhiya. Panguva yokupedzisira Danho iri eRoma vehurumende rikurumidze uye pfungwa fungidziro, izvo zvaireva kuti mutongi anogona kufunga zvimwe zvinhu hachibatsiri kana bato kurifarira, kunoratidza zvakasiyana.