Hydraulic nemishonga - uyewo kuerera achava?

Kana kufamba yokuvamba simba kurasikirwa - kunyange chichava motokari, kunyange ndege, kunyange nemvura iri Mapaipi. Nguva dzose chikamu simba iri kupedzerwa chokuita nokukurira kurwisa sangano. The kuderera mvura kumanikidzwa uye akatorwa kuziva sei kuerera nemishonga. Kutaura zvazviri, pane mhando mbiri kurwisa kwakadaro - omunharaunda uye Linear. Local chokuita simba Nokurasikirwa panguva mavharuvhu, gedhi mavharuvhu, Bends, kuwedzera uye marwadzo ose chubhu.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kunobva kurasikirwa nguva dzose pane mvura mvura viscosity. Local nezvinhu kana kuyerera nemishonga kukarukureta payakavakirwa ane parameters chokuita mavharuvhu, pombi uye mavharuvhu, kunorondedzerwa chaiwo nzira. Asi mutsetse Nokurasikirwa zvisinganyanyi novimba yezvakaita mvura inoyerera muna nenyere.

Studies ose Urume kuyerera neChikomonisiti kwaitungamirirwa Reynolds muna 1883. Muzvidzidzo izvi taishandisa mvura yorwizi izvo kupinda pendi chakawedzerwa, ari girazi chubhu uye vaigona kuonekwa hunhu wependi uye mvura sangano. Izvi zvaitwa nokuyerwa dzvinyiriro, velocity uye mvura mvura kuvafurira.

Yokutanga kufamba muoti yaiitwa panguva yakaderera mvura velocity. Muchiitiko chino, ingi uye mvura havasi aivhengana uye kufamba pamwe chete nenzira chubhu. The zvazvingava uye kumanikidzwa panguva dzose panguva ino. kuyerera Urume kwakadaro inonzi laminar.

Kana sangano kumhanya uchawedzera chikuru yaro chaiyo yomufananidzo inofamba iri mvura mvura chinja. A jeti ingi anotanga kukuchidzira kumativi nenyere vhoriyamu vava kuonekwa vortex-inotungamirwa uye vachishandisa kutenderera Urume. The akayera tsika yacho velocity uye kwokudzvinyirira kwomunhu Urume vanotanga pulsate. mumwe inofamba kwakadaro anonzi inonetsa. Kana kuerera mwero ipfupi, kuti laminar aibuda anomutswa zvakare.

In laminar kuyerera kubva Urume hydraulic nemishonga iri shoma, nepo zviri zvikuru zvinotyisa. Zvakakosha kuti munhu kujekeserwa kuti pane frictional nezvinhu zviri mutopota rusvingo. Pakukurumidza laminar aibuda mune chubhu Rusvingo usingashandi uye maximal nechepakati aibuda, asi kubuda mvura runoita zvakanaka pamwe yose chubhu. Munguva yakaoma rwakawanda inofamba yokuvamba kuvatadzisa kufamba mumvura uye ane mamwe chokubuda nemishonga.

Pane imwe Chiitiko iyo chinowedzera vaaida. inonzi cavitation. Cavitation kunoitika panyaya apo mvura inoyerera kana pane Bottleneck iri nyere. Zvadaro, pane rimwe chinzvimbo uye sangano nokukurumidza kunowedzera, maererano Bernoulli kuti musimboti, kumanikidza kunoderedza. The akaderedza kufurira kunokonzera Kusarudza kuti anotanga magasi zvazvichanyungudutswa nemvura uye mvura inotanga kubika panguva tembiricha ano.

Apfuudza rakamanikana mugove kuyerera velocity zvinoderedza uye muedzo kunowedzera kubika nokupera. Cavitation kunokonzera mimwe nezvinhu nokuda yomunharaunda laminar chekubuda vachivavhiringidza. It anowanzoita rikaitika mavharuvhu, gedhi mavharuvhu uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzakada kudai. Fani kwakadaro anonzi kuti zvikuru kunaka, sezvo Inogona kukuvadza yose Mapaipi hurongwa.

Saka, zviri kubudirira kuti kuerera nemishonga - vanzwisise zvakatemwa nokuda zvinoverengeka. Izvi zvinosanganisira magadzirirwo zvaidiwa Mapaipi system (urefu, Bends, mavharuvhu uye vharafu), kusanganisira mashoko kubva iyo nenyere. Loss zvakare kunokanganisa hunhu nemvura. Zvinobatsira kunzwisisa chii chinofanira kuva Mapaipi hurongwa uye chii kudzivisa zviri kugadzirwa kwayo uye nokushanda.

The pasi anonzi kwakadaro chinhu sezvo kuerera kuramba noruremekedzo kuti Mapaipi hurongwa. A tsanangudzo modes siyana Urume kuyerera wayo maitiro ari pombi.