Pfungwa Akakomba: Zviratidzo neMarapirwo

Pfungwa zvirwere - boka kurwara nepfungwa. Hunozoita kuti kutyorwa okufunga, kukwanisa kuita zvakarurama nezvakatongwa, kudavira mupfungwa, kukurukura nevanhu uye kunzwisisa chokwadi. Vanhu vane raidudzwa zviratidzo chirwere kazhinji asingakwanisi kurarama mabasa epamba. Zvinofadza kuti vakawanda abnormalities izvi zvinochengetwa pakati vagari dzakabudirira.

Zvisinei, kunyange rinorema inoyerera marudzi zvirwere kuti pamwero amenable zvokurapa.

tsananguro

Pfungwa Zvirwere nekufukidza zvakawanda zvirwere uye anoenderana zviratidzo. Kutaura zvazviri, zvirwere izvi mamwe marudzi dzakachinjwa kana kunaka kuziva kuti zvikaramba kwenguva yakawanda kwenguva uye kuvhiringidza dzose kushanda munhu ave dzakazara munzanga.

Pfungwa Zvikamu zvingaitika somunhu poga, asi kakawanda vari chiratidzo chinokosha kutsauka pane chepfungwa.

Njodzi zvikonzero nokuti panowanikwa pfungwa zvirwere zvinosanganisira nhodzera (kunyanya schizophrenia), kakawanda zvinodhaka (kunyanya zvinodhaka hallucinogenic). Kutanga pfungwa yechiitiko kunogona kunetsa kunetseka mamiriro ezvinhu.

mhando

Pfungwa Zvirwere havasati dzakabudiswa zvizere, dzimwe pfungwa yakasiyana zvichienderana nzira yavo yokudzidza, saka pangava nevamwe kusiyana kupatsanura. Izvi zvinoshandawo Kunyanya schizoaffective zvinetso, nokuti dzinopesana umboo pamusoro pezvakaita dzakavapo. Mukuwedzera, kwete nguva dzose zvinoita kuti zvakarurama kuziva chikonzero chimwe chiratidzo.

Kunyange zvakadaro, tinogona kusiyanisa zvinotevera zvinokosha, vakawanda, mhando pfungwa zvirwere, schizophrenia, psychosis, bipolar, polymorphic pfungwa nyonganyonga.

schizophrenia

Hosha iri chirwere vanenge zviratidzo zvakadai zvinovadadira kana zvisipo kuti dzinenge 6 mwedzi (pamwe anenge 2 Zviratidzo vanofanira provyalyatsya ichi- kwemwedzi kana kupfuura), pamwe nokuchinja zvakakodzera mumaitiro. Kazhinji, somugumisiro achiomerwa kuita mabasa epamba (semuenzaniso, kubasa kana panguva nokudzidziswa).

Chirwere pamusoro schizophrenia rinowanzoshandiswa kuoma ndechokuti zviratidzo zvakadai zvinogona kuitika nedzimwe zvinetso, uye kazhinji varwere vanogona vakanyengera pamusoro kukura zviratidzo zvavo. Somuenzaniso, mumwe munhu anogona asingadi kubvuma kuti kunzwa manzwi pamusana paranoid zvinovadadira kana kutya stigmatization, uye zvichingodaro.

Also berekai:

• Schizophreniform nyonganyonga. Zvinosanganisira zviratidzo schizophrenia, asi zvinotora nguva shoma kubva 1 kusvika 6 mwedzi.
• Schizoaffective nyonganyonga. It kunoratidzwa zviratidzo zvakadai schizophrenia, uye zvirwere zvakadai rebipolar.

psychosis

It inozivikanwa nevamwe maonero chokwadi.

Pfungwa Chiitiko zvingasanganisira Yaunoti zviratidzo zvakanaka: rinoonekwa uye auditory zvisipo, zvinovadadira, paranoid pfungwa, nekuvhiri- ngika mafungiro. Negative zviratidzo zvinosanganisira akaora mwoyo, kunetseka kuvaka pakutaura zvisina kunanga, kupindura uye kuramba ane coherent nhaurirano.

bipolar

Kuvhiringidzika nyonganyonga, kunoratidzwa Zvinyamusi. State ane yakafanana zvirwere muvanhu kazhinji zvikuru anochinja kunonyanyisa mufaro (zvokudarikidza kana hypomania) kusvika rakadzikadzika (mwoyo).

Chero Chiitiko nedambudziko rebipolar anogona ichazivikanwa se "chakasimba pfungwa chirwere", asi kwete vakutarisire.

Zvimwe zviratidzo pfungwa vanogona provyalyatsya chete panguva kukura zvokudarikidza kana kuora mwoyo. Somuenzaniso, munguva nemanic yechiitiko munhu anogona kuona manzwiro makuru uye vanodavira kuti ane incredible kugona (somuenzaniso, kukwanisa nguva dzose kukunda chero rotari).

Polymorphic pfungwa nyonganyonga

Kazhinji Zvinogona kururama kuti kuratidzwa psychosis. Sezvo inokudziridza, sezvo psychosis, nenhumbi dzayo mushandi zviratidzo, asi kana haisi schizophrenia wayo tsananguro yepakutanga. Rinoreva mhando chakasimba uye achipfuura pfungwa zvirwere. Zviratidzo kungoerekana uye vari dzichichinja (somuenzaniso, nguva dzose munhu anoona itsva, akasiyana zvachose mumwe fungidziro), zvinonakisa chiremba mufananidzo chirwere kazhinji anovandudza nokukurumidza zvikuru. Last zvakafanana chiitiko, kazhinji 3 4 months.

Govera polymorphic pfungwa chirwere pamwe zviratidzo schizophrenia uye pasina. Muchiitiko chokutanga, hosha kunoratidzwa zviratidzo schizophrenia zvakadai zvisipo uye akatsiga refu runoenzanirana kuchinja maitiro. Kana yechipiri, ivo dzinotsauka, kazhinji damerau chiratidzo nezvechii, manzwiro anochinja nguva dzose uye unpredictably.

zviratidzo

Zvino schizophrenia uye psychosis, uye zvose mamwe marudzi zvakafanana zvirwere muvanhu vari nguva dzose aripo zvinotevera zvinoratidza pfungwa nyonganyonga zviratidzo. Kazhinji vachinzi "zvakanaka", asi kwete mupfungwa kuti zvakanaka uye zvinobatsira vamwe. In mushonga, zita kwakadaro rinoshandiswa akapoteredza kutarisirwa zviratidzo zviri chirwere chakaipa unhu kwayo zvakanyanyisa chimiro kana. The yakanaka zviratidzo zvinosanganisira zvisipo, zvinovadadira, vatorwa kufamba kana kushaya rwokufamba (catatonic ndivete), uye mhando wokumwe uye chinyakare maitiro.

fungidziro

Zvinosanganisira manzwiro asina tsamba chinangwa chaichoicho. Fungidziro kungazviratidza zvakasiyana-siyana manzwiro kufanana kwevanhu.

• Visual fungidziro zvinosanganisira zvingori mumaziso uye zvakaratidzwa asiri aripo zvinhu.
• By kunzwa, vakawanda mhando, ndivo manzwi musoro wangu. Dzimwe nguva marudzi aya maviri fungidziro zvinogona hwakakanyiwa, kureva vanhu kwete chete kunzwa manzwi, asi anoona varidzi dzavo.
• Olfactory. Man anonzwa non-aripo kunhuwirira.
• Somatic. The zita rinobva Greek "soma" - muviri. Saka mashoko ndiwo muviri zvisipo, semuenzaniso, pfungwa pamberi chinhu pamusoro ganda kana pasi peganda.

zvokudarikidza

chiratidzo ichi kakawanda dzinoratidzwa chakasimba pfungwa chirwere pamwe zviratidzo schizophrenia.

Kukara - yakasimba safunga uye zvisingaitiki zvitendero dzevanhu vari zvakaoma kuchinja, kunyange kana paine uchapupu. Ruzhinji rwevanhu non-zvokurapa vanodavira kuti zvokudarikidza - zviri chete paranoia, kutambudzwa zvokudarikidza, kunyanya suspiciousness, kana munhu anofunga kuti vose vakamupoteredza - kumukira. Zvisinei, chikamu ichi kunosanganisirawo mapenzi zvitendero, maniacal rudo zvokufungidzira uye godo inoganhurana yaiparadza.

Megalomania - nevakawanda kudavira kusina musoro, somugumisiro iyo dzakasiyana-siyana akawedzeredzwa kukosha munhu. Somuenzaniso, murwere anogona kuzviona purezidhendi kana mambo. Kazhinji megalomania anova nechimiro chokureva dzechitendero. Munhu anogona kuzviona Mesiya kana Somuenzaniso, pachokwadi udza vamwe kuti ndiye mukuberekwazve wemhandara Mariya.

Uyewo, zvikanganiso anogona zvinowanzoitika chokuita unhu uye mashandiro muviri. Paiva kacho vanhu kana vakaramba kudya nemhaka yokuti zvose tsandanyama vari huro vari zvachose mitezo, uye zvose kuti vanogona kumedza - mvura. Muchiitiko chino, hapana chikonzero chaicho ichi chakanga chisiri.

Other zviratidzo

Zvimwe zviratidzo kazhinji dzinoratidzwa pfupi pfungwa zvirwere. Ava kufanira kufamba muviri, zvachose grimaces uye uncharacteristic pamusoro munhu uye mamiriro ezvinhu, kana chiso chavo kusiyana, catatonic ndivete - kushaya kufamba.

Iva nzvimbo ave kutaura kusarurama: zvakaipa kutevedzana mashoko mumutsetse, mhinduro kuti haana zvaanoreva kana kwete kuhupenyu mashoko akapoteredza kurukurirano, Vanongogara nemuvengi waro.

Uyewo kazhinji aripo zvinobatanidzwa childishness: kuimba nekuchirika mune zvakaipa ezvinhu, moodiness, non-mwero kushandisa zvakajairika zvinhu, zvakadai pakasikwa gaba foil hat.

Chokwadi, munhu pfungwa zvinetso havasi zviratidzo zvose zvaitika panguva imwe chete. The hwaro chirwere ndiye kuvapo imwe kana kupfuura zviratidzo kwenguva refu.

zvikonzero

Ziva zvinotevera zvinokonzera chikuru pfungwa zvirwere:

• Zvakaitwa kushushikana. Kubva nguva nenguva, ane simba kwenguva refu mupfungwa kunogona kuratidza pfupi pfungwa siyana. Panyaya iyi, chikonzero kunetseka kunogona vaviri, mamiriro ezvinhu ayo vanhu vakawanda vanotarisana padzimba hwavo, zvakadai rufu mudzimai kana kurambana, uye kwakanyanya - dzinongoitika dzega, ari mumunda remapazi zvechiuto kana vari nhapwa. Kazhinji pfungwa Chiitiko rinoguma sezvo kuderedza kunetseka, asi dzimwe nguva mumugariro anogona kunonoka kana kuva chirwere.
• Postpartum psychosis. Mune dzimwe vakadzi, zvaikosha kuchinja kwemakemikari omuviri somugumisiro okusununguka kunogona kukonzera chenjera pfungwa nyonganyonga. Zvinosuruvarisa izvi mamiriro kazhinji misdiagnosed uye kubatwa, zvokuti nyaya kuitika apo amai richangobva kuumbwa anouraya mwana kana kuzviuraya.
• Unodzivirira maitiro nhengo. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti vanhu vane unhu zvinetso zvakawanda kubatwa kushushikana, ivo zvishoma unoenderana vakura. Somugumisiro, kana akasungirirwa upenyu ezvinhu, pfungwa yechiitiko kunogona kuitika.
• Pfungwa nyonganyonga nokuda tsika maitiro. Culture - chinokosha kuziva utano hwepfungwa. Mutsika dzakawanda, kwakunoitwa vaiona yakatsauka kubva akagamuchira dzemunharaunda kwepfungwa utano chikamu tsika, zvitendero, panotaurwa kuti munhau. Somuenzaniso, mune dzimwe nzvimbo Japan zvikuru kusvikira zvokudarikidza, kudavira kuti yekuberekesa anogona vanodzokera uye dzosa kupinda mumuviri, zvichikonzera rufu.

Kana zvinogamuchirika maitiro muvanhu kana chitendero kupiwa, uye kunoitika pasi ezvinhu akakodzera, hazvigoni chirwere sezvo kusachengeteka kukuru pfungwa nyonganyonga. Treatment azvaitwa, mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kunodiwa.

Diagnostics

Kuti rokuongorora pfungwa chirwere GP zvakafanira kuti kuitisa kumbokurukura murwere uye tarisa zvinonyatsorehwa utano, kuti asava zvimwe zvinokonzera zvakafanana zviratidzo. Kakawanda berekai ropa uye wakanyorova kuongorora (semuenzaniso, MRI) kudzivisa zvokuimba kwazvinoita uropi uye kupindwa muropa.

Kana vasiri chikonzero maitiro ichi chinowanikwa, murwere anofanira raireva chiremba wepfungwa kumwe chirwere uye kuona kana munhu uyu ane pfungwa rebipolar.

mabatiro

Kakawanda nokuti pakurapa pfungwa zvirwere kushandisa mishonga uye psychotherapy.

Somunhu medicament vanachiremba kazhinji yakatarwa neuroleptics kana atypical antipsychotics, zvakabatsirawo zvakazorodza mwoyo zviratidzo zvakadai zvinovadadira, aone zvinhu zvisipo, uye isiriyo manzwisisire chaicho. Idzi dzinosanganisira: "aripiprazole," "Asenapine," "Brekspiprazol", "clozapine" uye zvichingodaro.

Vamwe zvinodhaka zvinowanikwa muchimiro mahwendefa kutorwa daily, vamwe - muchimiro majekiseni, muri zvakakwana kuisa imwe kana mbiri nguva imwe mwedzi.

Psychotherapy zvinosanganisira nekuve zano. Zvichienderana unhu zvinoitwa murwere uye sei yacho pfungwa chirwere, munhu, boka kana kurapa mhuri vangaendeswa.

Vakawanda vane pfungwa zvinetso zviri outpatient kurapwa, kureva, havana nguva dzose mune zvokurapa jeri. Asi dzimwe nguva, kana uine kwazvo zviratidzo, ngozi kukonzera zvakaipa pachako uye nevadiwa, kana kana murwere haakwanisi kuzvitarisira pachake, akaita muchipatara.

Mumwe murwere kurapwa kuwana kuti pfungwa chirwere vangabvuma zvakasiyana mushonga. Mumwe mberi kuri kuoneka kubvira pazuva rokutanga, mumwe munhu achatora mwedzi kurapwa. Dzimwe nguva, apo pane akawanda Zvikamu chakakomba, ungafanira kutora mishonga nguva dzose. Kazhinji vanenge izvi zviri basa risingamboshandisi dose kuti tidzivise nemigumisiro.

haagoni kudzivirira pfungwa zvirwere. Asi nokukurumidza kutsvaka rubatsiro, nyore kuda kubatwa.

Vanhu ava mukuru ngozi zvinetso zvakadai, akadai avo pedyo nehama pakati schizophrenics vanofanira kudzivisa doro uye chero zvinodhaka.