How kusimbisa kukunda chombo

Mbiri kukunda kwezvombo Russian kubva zvose epochs, vanyori venhau dzakaitika, vanyori uye vadetembi aifunga zvikurukuru pakati noumhare yevanakomana Nyika Yababa. Zvisinei, mashoko aya ndiwo mumwe, yakananga uye akapotsa chaihwo.

Technical backwardness kana ukuru esimbi muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri, mhaka mutsaona, kana yakunda States. The Second World War akatanga refu asati 1 September 1939 gore, uye munda rokurwa vakava asingaoneki Kuhlmann patani mahofisi. The pachena pekusadziviririka kurwisana kwenyika hakuna chakavanzika pamusoro wake akataura nevatungamiriri dzakakwirira tribunes, uye vakatanga kugadzirira kuti pachine nguva.

Pashure kurwisa Nazi Germany musi Soviet Union, Soviet dzidziso uto kwave kuchiita kuchinja. Kusvikira June 22, 1941 pamutemo dzematongerwe enyika inokosha hwakanyorwa nemitemo Red Army, anoverenga kuti kurwisana "ropa shoma" zvinoitiswa muhondo iri "nharaunda wokumwe" kuuya. The chokwadi zvakanga zvakasiyana.

Technical garo zvaida okukurumidzira kuchinja. Speed uye Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika matangi, kugadzirwa Soviet Union kubva mukupera 30 kuti 1941, vakanga kushanda kukodzera kuti mabasa ari kunharaunda yavo, ndege haana chaizvo kusangana mamiriro ezvinhu ayo mhepo ukuru akanga akunda. Ko akawanda kubudisa chombo yokukunda, uye zvakanga zvisiri nyore, kunyanya kana iwe funga kurasikirwa mugore chikamu chikuru European ndima uye hombe inorwara maindasitiri tinokwanisa rokutanga. Utungamiri munyika, zvakava pachena kuti kuva hondo refu.

Nhasi, zviri pachena kuti aiva kuhwina chombo. Matangi T-34 uye KV, asi Il-2 Ndege Lavochkin, paanorinda mumaturi "Katyusha" SCB michina - zvose achibudiswa zvizhinji huru, izvo haana kuziva nyaya. Nokuti mberi kuita zvose. Hatifaniri kukanganwa kazhinji vanoda kuti ndiwedzere ari yokutevedzera emauto zvokushandisa, pasina zvinopesana zano nokuda kwayo kusunungurwa.

Muenzaniso kwaizova chaiye kukunda chombo akadana vanopinda nechisimba German kuti "rufu dema" - Il-2. Yokusiyana zvakagadzirwa ayo mutakuri hulls, ane hunyambiri basa, uye iye akadzivirirwa, uye pamatanda mamiriro panguva iyoyowo. Pakutanga akanambwa miviri muchina, isati hondo IL-2 zvakagadzirwa musimboti anobvisa ruoko, chinodzivirira musana hemisphere. Pashure kurasikirwa kwokutanga hazvina atangazve pa rwemberi kabhini, dzimwe nguva pasi munda kugadzirisa zvitoro. Pakupedzisira kaviri shanduro akaiswa zvakare kupinda kugadzirwa.

Mumwe muenzaniso. Kubva 1940 kusvika 1943, avhareji T-34 yaigadzirwa kubva chishandiso turret caliber 76,2 mm. Zviri inokwana kubata zvinobudirira chero muvengi warrior motokari. The pakuonekwa German inorema Matangi zvinoda kukurumidzirwa mazuvaano "Matatu." Zvakaguma chaiyo kukunda chombo. Kandira shongwe richinyanya-refu barreled pfuti 85 mm akabatana nevamwe wedunhu magadzirirwo musimboti zvakanakira vakauya tangi Soviet kuti tiite zviri nani muHondo Yenyika II.

Kuwedzera motokari nemauto, vakawanda-anogadzirwa shure, uye kunyange kukombwa Leningrad, Soviet Army aida chaizvo ancillary, asi hapana zvishoma zvakakodzera uye kukosha rwokugadzira. Chokuendesa zvombo, zvokudya, peturu, mishonga, kuti zvose, pasina pazviri pasingabviri kuti kuitisa vakabudirira akavhiyiwa nemauto zvinoda senga. Kubva United States akanunura Marori makuru US6 "Studebaker" uye jeeps "Willis", panguva iyoyo yakanaka munyika. Maererano rezinesi kuti "Douglas" muSoviet Union isati hondo yakatanga kugadzirwa pakufamba ndege Li-2. Naivowo, vaiva zvakanakisisa, uye vakavaka kupfuura America, uye akanga kuhwina chombo.

Saka akanga yakabva yanyatsobatana munondo, iyo airwadziwa nevaNazi. kubwinya kusingaperi kune Soviet vaiti shure!