Theater musoro. Tsvaga zvinoreva upenyu, kana kurwa nevatambi

Achitarira kuburikidza mabasa kwevamwe playwrights, akadai Ezhena Ionesko, unogona kuvhara kusangana pamwe Chiitiko ari unyanzvi nyika sezvo yemitambo musoro. Kuti tinzwisise chii chakaita kuti chidzoke iri kuitika, zvinokosha kuenda nhoroondo 50-ies wekupedzisira remakore.

Chii yemitambo musoro (penga mutambo)

Mumakore 50 wacho kokutanga kwakanga zvesimba, zvarongwa iyo vateereri sokuti kusingabatsiri zvachose. The chikuru pfungwa Mitambo aiva Kupfururira womunhu kubva mumagariro uye Mhoteredzo. Mukuwedzera munguva chiito pachikuva vatambi akakwanisa chokubatanidza sawirirana pfungwa.

New Mitambo akaputsa mitemo yose yenhoroondo vakasamuziva chero simba. Saka, yakanga yakasiyana tsika dzechinyakare zvose. Ichi chitsva chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo chakajairika, izvo neimwe nzira makaramba enyika uye magariro kuripo kurongeka, akava yemitambo musoro. pfungwa iyi yakatanga kushandiswa yemitambo mutsoropodzi Martin Esslin chete muna 1962. Asi vamwe playwrights vasingabvumirani akadai. Somuenzaniso, Ezhen Ionesko akapa kutanga idzva rinonzi "theatre kusekwa."

History uye Sources

At pamudzi pakutevedzera itsva dzakanga dzakawanda French uye mumwe munyori Irish. The kukurumbira chikuru vakakwanisa kuhwina Fafitera Ezhen Ionesko uye Semyuel Bekket. Batsirawo Kuti kukura Genre sezvaiita Zhan Zhene, uye Arthur Adamov.

Theater musoro pfungwa yokutanga yakaitika kuna Ionesco. Munyori wemitambo vakaedza kudzidza mutauro Chirungu, kushandisa bhuku nomumwe kudzidza. Panguva iyoyo akaona kuti vazhinji nhaurirano uye yakatofanana mubhuku zvakakwana incoherent. Akaona kuti vanhuwo mashoko Anovandira zvakawanda upenzi kuti kazhinji chinoita kunyange vakangwara uye okudanwa mashoko ari maturo chose.

Zvisinei, kutaura kuti kune imwe kutungamirira itsva rinobatanidzwa chete French playwrights dzakawanda, hazvina zvaizenge zvakanaka. Nokuda nomusoro chokuvapo kwevanhu mamwe existentialists vanoti. Kokutanga nyaya ino yakazokudziridzwa zvizere Camus, chinokosha simba pabasa akanga F. Kafka uye F. Dostoevsky. Zvisinei, akaratidza uye vakauya paitikira musoro yemitambo ndiye Ionesco, uye S. Beckett.

Features itsva yemitambo

Sezvambotaurwa, pane zviri kuitika itsva yemitambo Arts akaramba dzekare mutambo. Vanhuwo zvinhu vava kwese kwaari:

- va- zvinhu kuti pamwe zviri kutamba pamwe chokwadi;

- chitarisiko yakavhenganiswa Genres tragicomedy enyambo melodrama chinorwadza farce - rakatanga yokutsiva "kuchena";

- kushandiswa kubudiswa zvinhu kuti ndezvemamiriro dzimwe Arts (kwaya, mime, navarongo);

- sezvo anodzivisa zvetsika simba chiito pachikuva, sezvo zvakanga kwokutanga iri dzekare Pfungwa, idzva mirayiridzo yemamiriro kunofambira mberi;

- mumwe kuchinja kukuru kunozivisa yemitambo musoro, ndicho mabhii nepfuma itsva: sokuti vari kutaura pachavo, nokuti shamwari havateereri uye regai kupindura zano mumwe, uye anongoti kudzokorora monologues yavo chinhu.

mhando upenzi

Chokwadi kuti nhungamiro itsva yemitambo aiva havaoni akawanda, anotsanangura penga kukamurwa kupinda mifananidzo:

1. nihilistic upenzi. Izvi chigadzirwa nechakare E. Ionescu uye Hildeskhaymera. Mitambo vavo vari kuzivikanwa ndechokuti kunzwisisa subtext chomutambo rose kuita uye vateereri asingagoni.

2. mhando upenzi rechipiri hunoratidza yezvisikwa nyonganyonga uye mumwe wayo chikuru zvikamu, murume. In tsinga ichi, mabasa zvakasikwa S. Beckett uye A. Adam, uyo aida kusimbisa kushaya maererano muupenyu hwevanhu.

3. satirical upenzi. Sezvo zvava pachena kubva zita pacharwo, vamiririri muitiro uyu Dürrenmatt, Grass, Frisch uye Havel akaedza vashore kusava nomusoro dzinoitwa evanhu uye zvinangwa dzevanhu.

mabasa kiyi yemitambo musoro

Chii yemitambo musoro, vateereri vakadzidza pashure muParis premiered ari "Bald soprano" rakanyorwa Ionesco uye "Kumirira Godot" by S. Beckett.

A maitiro chinoratidza kugadzirwa "The Bald soprano" ndiko kuti munhu aifanira kuva huru hunhu, mamiriro haana kuonekwa. Pachikuva, mune mbiri chete vakaroorana vane nezviito zvachose kunofambira mberi. Kutaura kwavo dzisingapindirani uye azere clichés, mamwe anoratidza mufananidzo nomusoro kwenyika. Kwakadaro incoherent, asi zvachose chairwo yakatofanana mabhii akadzokorora zvakare uye zvakare. Language, izvo maererano pezvawakaita zvichiitirwa kuti kukurukurirana nyore, kutamba chete chinonditadzisa izvozvo.

In Beckett kuti kutamba 'Kumirira Godot "maviri zvachose basa magamba vari kugara tichitya mumwe Godot. Kwete chete kuti, hunhu uyu haana kuonekwa yose chiito, naicho hapana anoziva. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti zita zvisingazivikanwi nemaitiro chokuita Chirungu neshoko raMwari, kureva, "Mwari." Heroes vakarangarira disjointed zvimedu hwake, tisingabatanidzi, vane kunzwa kutya uye kusava nechokwadi, nokuti zviito zvinogona kudzivirira munhu nyore haadaro.

Saka, yemitambo musoro anoratidza kuti zvinoreva kuvapo kwevanhu inogona chete kuwanika chokwadi, kunzwisisa kuti hazvina musoro.