How kubvunza mubvunzo mukuru mu Chirungu? mienzaniso

Kukurukura dzimwe nguva vatorwa chete wevaFiripi zvakakwana, asi pane dzimwe nguva pazvinenge zvakakodzera chaizvo kujekesa chinhu. Pano uye matambudziko vanotanga, nekuti vanhu vashoma rangarirai kuti muenzaniso chakajairika mubvunzo mu Chirungu. Mitemo kazhinji kare kukanganwika, uye vanhu chete rakarasika.

Musoro nharo nezvokuti pane mubvunzo ndokwechokwadi - ndiwo mumwe inonyatsobudirira uye uchitsanya nzira kuwana zvaida mashoko kubva interlocutor. unogona kuwana kubva nokubvunza:

• munhu wacho zita;
• sei kusvika apo yaunoda;
• mashoko chokuita chigadzirwa yako chitoro;
• mamiriro utano hwake, kana ukaona muchipatara kunze;
• zvokuita panjodzi kana njodzi uye nevamwe.

Zvisinei, vanhu vane zvakaoma Chirungu, kunzwa chaizvo kuchengeteka mune ezvinhu apo unofanira kutaura chinhu. Kazhinji, vane kunyara kutaura chinhu, kunyange kana vachida rubatsiro kana Kake chero kunyatsotsanangura. Naizvozvo, kukwanisa noungwaru kuvaka mubvunzo mu Chirungu achapa chivimbo munhu chero mamiriro ezvinhu kunze.

Api mibvunzo zviri Chirungu

Kuvaka kutsigira mitongo, kazhinji haakonzeri vangaomerwa zvakawanda nokudzidza mutauro, asi drafting mibvunzo kupiwa vachinetseka. Chete kunzwisisa maumbirwo yavo kujekesa pachavo, sei kubvunza mubvunzo mukuru mu Chirungu. Mubvunzo mhando vane unhu avo uye zvinoshandiswa muupenyu hwezuva nezuva nenzira chizvarwa vakurukuri. In zvachose kunongova mashanu mibvunzo, kusanganisira:

1. mubvunzo A zvakafanana. Somuenzaniso: chaunonyanya kuverenga (Munoda kuverenga)?
2. nyaya Special. Somuenzaniso: Ndiani akatenga uyu akashata ngowani (Ndiani akatenga uyu ngowani yakaipisisa)?
3. mubvunzo Alternative. Somuenzaniso: Unoda comedies kana mitambo (Unofarira mutambo kana mutambo)?
4. Mubvunzo akakumbira yacho. Somuenzaniso: Ndeupi chinyoreso ndezvenyu (Chii mubato wako)?
5. Kuparadzanisa nyaya. Somuenzaniso: Vana kazhinji kudya muchero uye miriwo, regai ivo ( vana kazhinji kudya michero uye miriwo, handiti)?

Ngatitarisei muudzame sei kubvunza mubvunzo mukuru mu Chirungu.

kugadzwa nyaya

Ndicho nyore uye vakawanda mhando shanu munazvo. Zvinonzi akakumbira kuti pfungwa, uye zvinoda nyore kutsigira kana akaipa mhinduro. Funga mienzaniso:

• Ndinoda kudya chokoreti. Iwe wakaita kudya chokoreti? Hongu, ndinoita. Kwete, handidaviri. - Ndinoda kudya chokoreti. Munoda kudya chokoreti? Hongu. Kwete
• Mark unodzinga kuna California mwedzi wose. Ko Mark kutyaira kuna California mwedzi ose? Hongu, anoita. Kwete, haadaro. - Mark anoenda California mwedzi wose. Mark anoenda California mwedzi ose? Hongu. Kwete
• Vanogona kuunza Kate zvimwe zvibereko. Vanogona vauye Kate zvimwe zvibereko? Hungu, vanogona. Kwete, havagoni. - Vanogona kuunza Kate zvibereko. Vanogona vauye Kate zvibereko? Hongu. Kwete

Cherechedza kuti kuvaka Kazhinji mubvunzo, pane dzimwe nguva rinoshandiswa ebetsero shoko «kuita». shoko rechiito iri nezvinogadzirwa nomukaka zviri ikashandiswa pamwe nemamwe verbs mibvunzo kana kuwana asina mhando interrogative mutongo. Zvisinei, kana ane rechiito «kuti», kushandiswa ebetsero mashoko «kuita» kwete kuzvireva. Funga mienzaniso:

• Ndiye ane rupo murume. Iye norupo murume? Ko iye norupo murume? - Iye ane rupo murume. Iye anopa murume? Ane rupo?
• Ivo vanachiremba. Ivo vanachiremba? Ko ivo vanachiremba? - Ndivo vanachiremba. Vari vanachiremba? Ivo vanachiremba?
• Vanoshanyira Margaret Chipiri ose. Ko vanoshanyira Margaret Chipiri ose? Ko havana kushanyira Margaret Chipiri dzose? - Ivo vanoshanyira Margaret Chipiri ose. Vanoshanyira Margaret Chipiri ose? Vati vanouya kushanyira Margaret Chipiri ose?

Kuvakwa mubvunzo

How kubvunza mubvunzo mukuru mu Chirungu? Izvi zviri nyore pane kungaita. Chokutanga iwe uchida kuwana rechiito iri mutongo uye kuona chii chinosara nayo anoita:

• rechiito shwashwa (kuumbwa nezvinogadzirwa nomukaka - am, tiri, ndiye);
• modal rechiito (vanofanira, vanoda, anogona, vanofanira , kuti);
• richinyanya rechiito (rechiito chero Somuenzaniso, kusvetuka, enda, varindi, basa, uye zvichingodaro. d.).

ipapo chaunoti mubvunzo nguva. Harifaniri kuvhiringidzwa nerondedzero yacho, kuedza kutsausa kuti mashoko munzvimbo declarative mutongo. Somuenzaniso, mashoko interrogative mutongo "tete Your anoda kuimba? 'Remake sokukumbira" tete Your anoda nziyo. " Kamwe ukaona rechiito uye kutaridzwa nguva, enda pakuvaka mubvunzo.

shoko kuti

Imwe pfungwa ine rurege vaya vasingazivi sei kubvunza mubvunzo mukuru mumutauro Chirungu - shoko murayiro. Paaiva mumutauro wokuRussia, isu chete kushandura inzwi uye vawane interrogative mutongo, mutauro Chirungu asingashandi. Kubvunza chinhu kuti hazvina kukwana chete kuchinja intonation ari interrogative. Mugore Chirungu interrogative nemamiriro maitiro ndiwo nekwekupedzesera mashoko.

Izvi zvinoreva kuti kukosha mumamiriro ezvinhu ari kushandiswa chero hwebetsero kana modal rechiito kana rechiito-tsapo «kuti», zvakarurama chimiro. Inotevera nyaya (kunowanzoratidzwa pachavo chisazitasingwi), mumwe Predicate uye dzimwe nhengo mutongo. Funga mienzaniso:

1. Vanoda motokari dzinodhura (vanoda motokari dzinodhura). In muenzaniso uyu, «ivo» ndipiyona pasi, uye «kufanana» - ndiwo Predicate. Ko Vakafanana motokari dzinodhura (vanoda motokari dzinodhura)? Pano «kuita» mabasa webetsero shoko, «ivo» - kuti, «kufanana» - somunhu Predicate.
2. Tiri shamwari (m S shamwari). In muenzaniso uyu, «isu» - pasi uye «vari» - Predicate rechiito «kuti» kuti chisazitasingwi «isu». Tiri shamwari (m S shamwari)? Pano «vari» mabasa ave Predicate, uye «isu» - sezvo nyaya.
3. Anogona imbai zvakanaka (anoimba zvakanaka). In muenzaniso uyu, «iye» - pasi uye «unogona» - modal rechiito. C ane iye nziyo zvakanaka (anoimba zvakanaka)? Pano «unogona» mabasa somunhu Predicate, kunouya kubva pamusoro, uye «iye» - achiri pasi.

Kuvaka kunaka muchimiro mubvunzo

Wakabata pamwe sezvakarayirwa mashoko, unogona kufamba inotevera inokosha - sei kukumbira wemauto mubvunzo mu Chirungu mune akaipa chimiro. Akati mamiriro mumutauro wokuRussia, sezvinoita mutemo, inotanga nemashoko "kuita" kana "anoita" uye rinoshandiswa kuratidza kushamiswa uye incomprehension. Zano fomu iri kwakafanana sokukumbira, kunze kushandisa «kwete» kunaka inoramba. Funga mienzaniso:

1. Ko kufanana yedu zvidzidzo French ? - Regai here yedu zvidzidzo French ? - Regai tinodawo zvidzidzo French?

2. Ko havana kubasa? - Ko ivo kubasa? - Regai vanoshanda?

3. Anofanira isu kuita basa iri mangwana ? - havafaniri isu kuita basa iri mangwana ? - Ko isu kuita basa mangwana?

How kupindura mubvunzo

A mubvunzo zvakafanana chinoda pachena "hungu" kana "kwete", izvo kuumbwa sezvinotevera:

1. Positive mhinduro kunosanganisira kushandisa shoko «hongu», chisazita uye rechiito. Somuenzaniso:

• Iwe wakaita kudya Strawberry makeke? Hongu, ndinoita. - Unoda kudya Strawberry keke? Hongu.
• Vanofanira kuenda bato iri Friday ? Hungu. - Vanofanira kuenda kupati iyi Chishanu? Hongu.
• Ko iye mudzidzi wepaHarvard University? Hongu, ndiye. - Iye mudzidzi paHarvard University? Hongu.

2. A akaipa rudaviro rakapa sezvinotevera: «hapana» + chisazitasingwi + rechiito + PARTICIPLE «kwete». Somuenzaniso:

• Dzinotaura wakatongofanana uchiona TV vasati mubhedha? Kwete, havasi (regai ). - Vanoda kuona TV ndisati ndarara? Kwete
• Unogona kuverenga yokufungidzira chitsva ichi? Kwete, handikwanisi (havagoni ). - Unogona kuverenga yokufungidzira itsva iyi? Kwete
• Hanzvadzi Casandra shamwari yake? Kwete, iye haasi (haisi ). - Kassandra - munun'una shamwari yake? Kwete

intonation zvinhu

Zvikuru chakaoma akasiya, nekuti uine pfungwa sei kumisa mubvunzo chinowanzoitwa Chirungu. Mitemo poiznosheniya uye intonation - imwe pfungwa iri iyo pane chemabhazi. Nokuti mutauro Chirungu chaiwo ezita zvakafanana mibvunzo ine kumuka inzwi. Matauriro aya rinoshandiswa zvose mibvunzo inogona akapindura zvinonyatsoteerera "hongu" kana "kwete." All pachena, ngatikurukurei zvizere yakawanda mienzaniso:

1. 'Munodavira here' sezvizvi 'mutsva ↗films ( uchifarira mabhaisikopu itsva idzi)? Ichi interrogative mutongo, zvinoreva mhinduro chaiwo (hongu / kwete), saka Rinotaurwa kumuka inzwi.
2. 'Ko mumwe ↗ dhesiki (E pati)? chirevo ichi interrogative zvinogona akapindura zvinonyatsoteerera (hongu / kwete), saka Rinotaurwa kumuka inzwi.
3. Chaunacho hanzvadzi ↗ (uine hanzvadzi)? Just kureva kumusoro matauriro, nokuti kunoda sokukumbira "hungu" kana "kwete."

Zvino kuti munoziva kuti kubvunza mubvunzo mukuru mu Chirungu. emashoko mitemo hazvisi nyore chaizvo kuti vayeuke.

mhedziso

Saka, zvatakurukura zvose yokungotaura zvinhu chokuita sei kukumbira munhu mukuru mubvunzo - mu Chirungu mutsara uyu ndiyo nyore uye panguva imwecheteyo anokosha uye zvakapararira, saka anoziva kuti zvakarurama kuzoumba izvozvo, unogona kunzwa zvakawanda achivimba kukurukura vatorwa kunze. Kusimbisa kudzidzwa, endai rinoshanda chikamu.

Exercises kusimbisa

1. Kuti aite wokutanga basa, yeuka zvose iwe wakadzidza kwokutanga, maererano sei kukumbira wemauto mubvunzo. In Chirungu, mashoko dzinowanikwa mushure chiratidzo ↗, iziviswe pamwe kumuka intonation:

• Ko iye ↗ okuberekwa?
• Unoziva ↗ kukufarira?
• Ko munhu ↗ pasofa?
• Ungagona ↗ mupfuri wenhumbi nayo?
• Unofanira iwe ↗ kuriverenga?
• Ko ↗ kunyora kwako?
• Uri ↗ hama?
• Ko iye ↗ kukuda?
• Ko ↗ dzakasviba?
• Uri ↗ namanomwe?
• Ko ivo Kazhinji ↗ TV?
• Unogona kudzokorora ↗ pashure pangu?
• Ko munin'ina wenyu ↗ mupurisa?
• Ko Mariya ↗ mhando?
• Iwe wakaita kubika?

2. Pindura mibvunzo inotevera mukuru:

• Uri mudzidzisi?
• Tinofanira kuenda ikoko?
• munogona kundibatsira neMuvhuro?
• Vane zvakanaka?
• Ko ivo kukufarira?
• Ko iye yake hama?
• Anogona kushambira here?
• Ndiro zita rake Mark?
• Ndinofanira ugopfiga musiwo?
• Ko iye munomuziva?
• Anogona kusvetuka?
• Ko yakaderera?
• Anofarira hove?
• Ndiri misikanzwa?
• Ungagona kanganwa nezvazvo?

3. Inoshandura mibvunzo inotevera mukuru kupinda Chirungu:

• Unoda kuuya neni mangwana kune mabhaisikopu?
• Iye pamba zvino?
• motokari yavo Dzvuku?
• Unogona kudzima TV?
• Ko vana ava vari misikanzwa?
• Vane zvakanaka?
• Iye anoda tulips?
• Ndinoita vanofanira kumudana?
• Iye anofanira kuenda ikoko?
• Unoziva basa musi Mugovera?
• Munoda kuti mimhanzi?
• Ichi musha wavo?
• Makanganwa nezvomusangano yedu?
• Unogona dzokorora rokupedzisira mutongo?
• Munoziva vabereki vavo?
• Unoziva basa pano?
• Vanoona isu?
• Unogona dana naye shure mangwana mangwanani?
• Hamuzivi riripi ichi chivako?
• Ndizvo zvakafanana nomunhu?