History of Orenburg - zvishoma. Museum of History of Orenburg

Orenburg - zvichida ndiro guta kupfuura kunoshamisa Russia. peculiarity Its uvete nenzvimbo chinzvimbo. Riri mune Urals. Inenge riri pamuganhu Kazakhstan. Nokudaro yakawanda vakakwereta tsika kumaodzanyemba mumaruwa mudunhu. Uyezve, nhoroondo Orenburg rinotitaurira kuti kana chikamu yacho vaiva pedyo nyika.

Foundation muguta

nzvimbo iyi haina kuumbwa nomuzvarirwo, sezvo vakawanda nemisha vari munharaunda Russia. Pfungwa kuvaka guta akauya pamwe Kazakh Khan. Akavimbisa mambokadzi Anastasia kuchengetedza kuvimbika wenyika, kudzivirira nemiganhu kubva kurwisa uye kubatsira vatengesi kudzoka kana akavaka nhare, izvo chaizoshandiswa semusimboti pokugara kana ngozi.

With uyu kunotanga nyaya muguta Orenburg. August 31, 1735 ibwe rokutanga rokuvaka guru uye yakavimbika nhare waradzikwa. Chivako ichi riri confluence of GPL uye Yaik nzizi.

A shamisa chakaitika pamwe kusarudza nzvimbo. The rwendo wokutanga vaitungamirirwa Ivan Kirillov kuona yakanaka nzvimbo. Zvisinei, pashure porufu rwake, V. Tatishchev seine kuvakwa nomurwizi Yaik. Uye zvakare, Muzvare, sezvo kwenzvimbo yaiva matombo uye kure rwizi.

Yakanga chete muna 1739, kwokupedzisira shanduro rinotsanangurwa uye aifarirwa - yaimbova Berd Fortress. History of Orenburg vakatanga, uye guta rainzi katatu, kamwe nemimba uye kuberekwa.

kwakabva zita

Nezvekwakabva zita renzvimbo zviri pachena kuti munhu kunyange zvishoma rakapinda mumba nzvimbo chaiyo yaiva Russia, kunyanya munzvimbo Orenburg mudunhu. All pakarepo kusonganira pamwe murwizi chikamu GPL "burg", iro rinoshandurwa kubva rinoreva German "guta". Kureva zita pachishandiswa pfungwa iyi, rinoshandurwa kuti "guta riri Ory." Vamwe vanhu vanofunga kuti izvi zita novootstroennomu kugarwa akapa mumwe I. Kirillov. Akatumawo pasuru magwaro akakodzera pamusoro nomination of Empress Anastasia.

Zviri Rinorondedzerawo Orenburg haabvumiri kuti ugone dzidziso kuti zita rinobva Kazakh "orybor".

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti nokuda kuvhiringidzika chete nzvimbo wakakombwa ndiro zita kwenguva refu nguva aipfeka Castle yokutanga, wakasimwa kunyange Kirillov. Asi nokufamba kwenguva, mukuru Empress chirevo umo kodzero kunzi Orenburg rwakanga rwakakura chete nzvimbo, unova onim nhasi.

Sezvo 1938 guta Yakazopiwa zita rokuti Chkalov, pashure yakakurumbira aviator. Nenzira, yokupedzisira vasina ukama munzvimbo iyi. Muna 1957, guta paakadzoka zita rayo munhoroondo.

Gumi upenyu chokutanga

History of Orenburg, asi, guta ano uye nharaunda hwachinja pashure pokuvakwa wakakombwa. Edge muArabhu akatanga kutora vanhu nedzimwe nharaunda Russian. Next kuti inosimbisa ichi akavaka makumi anodzivirira zvivako, pemigero akachera nemasvingo marefu yakavakwa.

Pakutanga varwi vakanga kugarazve pano netariro kuti vachatanga kugadzirisa upfumi hwenyika. Asi nhoroondo muguta Orenburg kunoratidza zvakasiyana - kwete kukuremedza hama varwi havana zvinoda zvikuru, nokuti chido vazvipfumise uye kuti abate upfumi vasina kuchengetwa.

Zvadaro kwakasarudzwa kuumba Cossack irregulars, izvo amakakunda kunyange cursory vanhu. Inowanzorimwa nyika mhandara vakatanga kuongorora vanhuwo zvavo.

Zvisinei, Artisan haana zvakawanda. The guta rakakura uye kwakatosimba kuburikidza zvokutengeserana, uye pakupedzisira akazova muzinda simba, hunovapo pedyo nyika Orenburg province.

The War World First

Muna July 1917, bato "Alash" yakaumbwa, kuti dzinokurukura utariri nyaya simba. Kubva rwaiva kugoverwa vamiririri kuna All-Russian Constituent Assembly. Saka, nhoroondo Orenburg akamuka ayo political pachake simba.

Makore aya akanga chakaoma kuti guta. Cossack dzakabatana vakaramba ndavhiyiwa kukundwa of Red Army. Kunyange zvazvo vakawanda echiShinto vakatanga kudana vega White Cossacks uye havana kugamuchira kuchinja. Kunze kwayo kwakaratidzwa National heterogeneity vemo.

History of Orenburg zvishoma taura zviitiko izvi asingagoni. Mumazuva iwayo akawanda ropa rinoteurwa. Kuti chete ndiyo kubatwa muguta kanzuru, pavakanga vari akagura vose vanhu ikoko, kunyange vakadzi uye vakwegura.

The Soviet Union

All kuti zvakachinja veMubatanidzwa simba yeSoviet. Vagari yawedzera zvinoshamisa, anenge katanhatu. Sezvo nyika nzvimbo iyi haina kuitika nokutsamwa kurwisana nekuda kwayo remoteness, kwakasarudzwa kutama pano huru maindasitiri zvivako, huzhinji zvakasara pano.

On yose Union Orenburg Downy zvameso akava nomukurumbira wake, kuti chipo kuti aiva soro chiratidzo hanya.

Mumazuva Hondo Yenyika II muguta yakabereka ndege uye helicopters. Paivawo nezvimwe maindasitiri. For Orenburg, izvi zvaireva kuti chidzoke mabasa matsva, nekuti pamusoro nguva, akatanga kufamba pano nevamwe kumatunhu.

History of Orenburg migwagwa rinotaura pamusoro kuchinja zvose kuitika muguta.

The ano kumwedzi

Mushure pokuwa USSR guta ndarasikirwa panguva yaro mukurumbira. Zvakanga zvisiri kusvikira mukupera ramakumi remakore. Zvisinei, muna 2000s nayo akatanga kumutsa mukurumbira Orenburg, akavakazve upfumi.

The guta kukwezva vashanyi nokuda chirongwa. Old zvivako vakatanga kushingaira rokudzorera. Nemambure mabasa vakanga vakaedza vanyatsoziva inodzidzisa guta, nhoroondo yacho.

Iye akaita basa rinokosha panyaya iyi, uye Museum of History of Orenburg. Rine Exhibits ndichizivisa upenyu guta. Gore negore pane ndakaiswa dzakawanda tsika zviitiko dzakarongwa kushanyirwa.

Rates pa zvinopfuura vakavimbika, uye nzvimbo huru - ichi ndechimwe ndinoiitawo kuti kunzwisisa vakakokwa muguta.

On guta rinoti dzose dzomumusha uye imba. Zvisinei, havana vanoyeuchidzwa zviri kuitika pano zvakasiyana nguva. Kuti pakarepo vasvike kunonyanyisa huwandu mashoko pamusoro nzvimbo, vagere, ivo zvisakamboonekwa anongoti kushanyira Museum of History of Orenburg.

Zvipoko muna Medical Academy

Just somumwe mumusha, Orenburg ine ngano uye nokutya nyaya pachake. Chimwe chezvinhu dzakakurumbira - ndiwo mweya nyaya, riri rine pakuvaka Medical Academy. Hapana vagari havagoni kutsanangura nei midzimu saka asingafari, havagoni kusiya ndoga wemamongi Zvisinei, ngano iyi anogara haisi remakore rokutanga. Panotova rakanyorwawo ndangariro imwe vadzidzisi. Anoti kuti rimwe zuva akatumirwa kudzikamisa vasikana, vakanga vasingachabatiki nokutya. Vakataura pamusoro zvipoko Cadets achida kutyisidzira vadzidzi. Zvisinei, vechiduku vasara, uye dzisingazikamwi ruzha haana kurega, uye kuti waitwa vasikana kuti ruzha.

Vadzidzi vazhinji vanoti kuti kunyange nhasi midzimu rakabvongodzwa famba chivakwa, vanogona kazhinji kuonekwa corridors kana makamuri.

Chakavanzika rokutanga Metro

Kamwe aigara Orenburg mumwe Gorodissky aishanda ari gweta. kundovhima nokuti munhukadzi pabonde akasunda upenzi zhinji - the stucco imba yakashongedzwa kuvaraidza pavasikana, kukudzwa mudzimai yakagadzirira kuzvidzivirira, kunyange kana mauto havana kuenzana.

Asi mukurusa tumapoka vakaungana ngano yaakanga avakira kuchiteshi achinakidza pachayo pasi imba. Ndivo vaviri njanji uye trolley vanomhanya inotevera mumugwagwa.

Chero zvazvingava, guta haazoregi munhu hanya.