Kazakhstan indasitiri: huni, kemikari, marasha, mafuta

Kazakhstan - mumwe vaitungamirira upfumi vadyidzani weRussia. Both nyika vane pedyo nhoroondo ezvoupfumi ukama, izvo zvinogona zvakatowanda ine mberi kusangana kunyika iri gadziriro yacho EAEC. Kazakhstan - rinokosha mudiwa weRussia maererano maindasitiri zvinogadzirwa exchange. Ndezvipi chaizvo kuti kubudisa sectors youpfumi Kazakhstan raMwari?

Mukusarudza indasitiri indasitiri of RK

Kazakhstan chinomiririrwa akawanda kutungamirira indasitiri zvikamu:

- the marasha indasitiri;

- simbi;

- mafuta uye petrochemical indasitiri;

- Khimprom;

- chikafu indasitiri;

- chiedza indasitiri;

- kugadzirwa zvokuvakisa.

Funga zvavo chaizvo.

marasha indasitiri

The marasha Indasitiri muKazakhstan - pakati guru maindasitiri, kwete chete muna Kazakhstan asiwo yose zvoupfumi nzvimbo EAEC. The nyika - pakati vatungamiri tichitarisa paminiti capita hwevanhu marasha migodhi, uyewo mumatanda. Remasangano reserves ayo kusimbiswa Central Kazakhstan, uyewo muna North-East ari mamiriro. Zvakawanda zviri marasha iri aivigirwa.

Maererano nenyanzvi, Kazakhstan kunzwa zvimwe yokushomeka marasha kuva muchikwata che yepamusoro, rinowanzoshandiswa zvaiita nzvimbo, uyewo emakambani, izvo ushande yakakodzera mhando bhaira. Kufukidza zvinodiwa upfumi iri mhando kabhoni may vanokwanisa kuwedzera mune runoenzanirana chidimbu. Zvikurukuru, zvingava nokuwedzera pakuburitswa unodiwa Pavlodar nharaunda. Mazimbe kuitika pano vari pedyo refu mwero grading inozivikanwa, zviri nyore rokuvandudza, mari kuti gadziriro yavo kubva mukati vari zviduku.

simbi

Pakati vaitungamirira sectors of Kazakhstan indasitiri - non-ferrous simbi. Kazakhstan unobereka yepamusoro mhangura, zingi, titanium, uye siyana isingawanzowanikwi pasi simbi. Products anogona kutora chimiro Rental. RK - pakati nyika vatungamiri kugadzirwa mhangura, unorema riri aivigirwa kuna Western Europe. Kazakhstan - chinokosha mutambi ari pose musika goridhe. Kune zvinopfuura 170 minda.

Metallurgical Industry of Kazakhstan uyewo muhurukuro chidimbu kuti goho esimbi esimbi. RK - pakati nyika vatungamiriri pamusoro mumatanda kuMudzidzisi kwemarudzi. A chinokosha chikamu reserves iri semhosva nyore. The chikuru Mavhoriyamu resimbi esimbi zvinoberekwa RK aivigirwa.

Simbi - pakati matavi indasitiri pamusoro Kazakhstan, iyo akagadza pedyo chaizvo ukama makambani Russian. Izvi kunonyanya kukonzerwa chokuti zvikuru kuMudzidzisi kukurukurirana yakanga yatangwa kunyange Soviet Union. Between emakambani Kazakhstan SSR uye RSFSR saka vakatakura rinoita kupanana pakugadzira zvinhu, simbi, uyewo blanks. Munzira dzakawanda kuMudzidzisi kukurukurirana zviri kushanda vachiri. Pane mikana yose kuti uwane vasimbiswe - kufungisisa chokwadi kuti Russia uye Kazakhstan zvino kunge kunyanya Integrated zvemari mukati EAEC.

Mafuta uye Petrochemical Industry

The mafuta Indasitiri muKazakhstan - chimwe chinokosha kwemauto hwenyika yacho mamiriro. In Kazakhstan yakabereka zvakawanda zvibereko runoenzanirana mhando - peturu, Diesel uye mafuta emotokari, neparafini, avhiyesheni uye dzimwe mhando mafuta akawanda. kwemauto Izvi yakabatana kukura petrochemical chidimbu. Country unobereka-siyana mapurasitiki, fibers, matai.

Kunyanya kukura mafuta maindasitiri muKazakhstan - ndechokuti muenzaniso anobudirira kusangana pakati paruzhinji uye pasiri mabhizimisi. Mafuta indasitiri of Kazakhstan anomiririrwa Makambani makuru kwete chete, asiwo diki uye unosvikirwa mabhizimisi. Active Kupinda kukura Kazakhstan kuti mafuta indasitiri vari kutora dzimwe vanoita dzakawanda. The mafuta Indasitiri muKazakhstan anoramba rikwezve kuti mabhizimisi kubva Russia nemamwe anoti ari EAEC, kumadokero nyika.

ouinjiniya

Zvokuimba ouinjiniya - mumwe muenzaniso zvinokosha maindasitiri ose Kazakhstan. Hurumende unobereka zvokushandisa siyana zvinangwa, michina, pombi. Enterprises Kazakhstan muchina chivakwa indasitiri vari kushingaira kushanda nezvavatorwa vanoita - Russian, Western, vamiririri EAEC - nokuti kukwezva upfumi. Zvokuimba ouinjiniya muKazakhstan akakurira palpable tifambirane nepakati 2000s, vamwe kuderera raiva dambudziko 2008-2009. Asi chinetso akakurirwa, uye ikozvino kuMudzidzisi indasitiri - kusanganisira akatsiga zvikamu youpfumi neHurumende.

Zvokuimba ouinjiniya muRepublic of Kazakhstan - imwe indasitiri ine vimbiso rinokosha rine chokuita pamberi zvakakwana guru rokuva - kubva pamazuva Soviet Union, iyo zvakakwana asina kushandiswa. Zvino mugove kuMudzidzisi nemauto ari emari Kazakhstan riri duku, zviri kakawanda akaderera, kunyanya, kuti zviratidzo Russian. Zvisinei, pasi anobudirira Kukwezva oupfumi anogona yekudyidzana zvinowedzera simba pamusoro goho pakati zvokuimba okugadzira emakambani of Kazakhstan.

kugadzirwa zvokuvakisa

Kugadzirwa zvokuvakisa - mumwe muenzaniso rakabudirira maindasitiri, izvo chinomirirwa bhizimisi pamusoro Kazakhstan. Hurumende unobereka simende, zvikwepa, nemakadhibhokisi, linoleum, ukomba siyana, Ceramics nezvimwe zvigadzirwa. The chikuru Vhoriyamu zvokuvakisa emakambani of Kazakhstan anogadzirwa tichiregeredza National upfumi hwaro.

Nyaya zvokuvakisa muKazakhstan - ndezvimwe zvezvisarudzo simba sectors. Saka, kubva 2008 kusvika 2013 kweShanduro runoenzanirana mhando chigadzirwa muKazakhstan, maererano vamwe, yakapetwa kaviri. Ungaderedza, akavapindurawo, novimba youhu Kazakhstani makambani. Hurumende uye mabhizimisi dzinoti mirayiridzo itsva pakuzadzisa ari indasitiri. It rinowanikwa kuti gadziriro aivapo utsanzi mapurogiramu achapiwa zvinotsigirwa kutungamirira mapoka ari chidimbu.

mushonga indasitiri

Chemical indasitiri of Kazakhstan kunokoshawo kuti upfumi mamiriro. Pakati achitungamirira kwayo chidimbu - kugadzirwa phosphorus. Maererano nokumwe kufungidzira, Kazakhstan - pakati Kishi pamusika vatungamiri vake kusunungurwa. Uyewo, mabhizimisi makuru kushanda munyika, mubasa kugadzirwa chromium yeimwe, pendi uye varnishes.

Sechivako kunze kwenyika kuti Kazakhstan kwemakemikari indasitiri ndechokuti ari hunodzorwa zvibereko inorganic kemisitiri, iyo inozivikanwa nokuva yakaderera dziine muzvigadzirwa muganhu. Akachengetedzawo zvaioneka Kazakhstan kuvimba kupinzwa kwemakemikari zvigadzirwa. It rikunde, akavapindurawo, yepamusorosoro zvigadzirwa - fetiraiza, detergents, mapurasitiki. Saka, makemikari indasitiri of Kazakhstan ane inokosha zvinogona kuti mazuvaano. Kunyanya - iri rutivi imupota kuzvitsinhanisa.

chikafu kugadzira indasitiri

Zvokudya Indasitiri of Kazakhstan - ndeimwe simba zvikamu hwenyika. The koshesa basa nemamiriro kuMudzidzisi indasitiri anazvo zviyo kubudiswa, kugadzirwa mukaka, chingwa, nyama, michero uye miriwo kurimwa, basa mafuta uye mafuta Enterprises. Wandei RK zvokudya imupota zvinodiwa. Izvi zvinogona asarudzira mberi ikure chidimbu sezvo zvainoreva chokushandisa.

A rinokosha kukura zvokudya indasitiri of Kazakhstan anewo hurumende munyika. Nokudaro, Kazakh zviremera yakatanga pamwero mukuru chirongwa kutsigira epamba vaburitsi. Kunyanya, izvozvo dzinopiwa, zvinoderedza kufarira prices pamusoro yemakambani zvikwereti, kubatsirwa pakuunganidza yakatarwa zvinhu. Zvinotarisirwa kuti panguva Implementation kuMudzidzisi matanho nehurumende masangano kutsigira mabhizimisi akawanda tiririyoni Tenge zvichabviswa paakapiwa. Ndizvo kugadziridzwa vamwe zvokudya mitemo yemitero kuti optimize kubata zvokudya uye ehurumende emakambani ari rutivi bhajeti allocations.

chiedza indasitiri

Light indasitiri of Kazakhstan yakatangawo. Zvikurukuru, izvozvo chinomirirwa yemakambani kushanda donje zvekutepfenyura. Ongororo dzinoratidza kuti zvinodiwa wechipfuwo pawaitengesa Kazakhstan kwakakwirira zvikuru kupfuura mamiriro rinomutsa vana goho chiedza indasitiri zvigadzirwa. About 90% kuMudzidzisi zvigadzirwa muKazakhstan ari kutorwa. Panguva iyoyowo, kuitira kugadzirisa dambudziko imupota kuzvitsinhanisa, zvakakodzera, sezvambotaurwa nokuda nezvoupfumi, kupa soro nenhanho makwikwi pakati indasitiri. Resources nokuti ichi Ichokwadi. Chokwadi chokuti chiedza indasitiri of Kazakhstan kunoratidzwa refu azvipire midziyo pamwe nemidziyo ano, uko yaipiwa tikararama yose mavanga, apo mune dzimwe zvikamu zviri indasitiri depreciation kuMudzidzisi zvinhu zvakawanda ndiyo guru zvakakwana.

Kunoonekwa dambudziko zvinoratidza zvimwe zvibereko zvikamu youpfumi Kazakhstan Zvisinei, asingagari pasina kuteerera wehurumende nemabhizimisi, iye akasarudza - pamwe nemamwe matambudziko kuti munguva bhizimisi iri Kazakhstan.

Funga rutivi ichi, uyewo tarisiro pakuzadzisa inobereka sectors reRepublic of Kazakhstan.

Matambudziko uye tariro Kazakhstan indasitiri

Above tinoona kuti maindasitiri Kazakhstan vari zvikamu zhinji dzinoratidzwa kumbonyanya yakakwirira azvipire depreciation mari. dambudziko iri kunozivikanwa vemabhizimisi uye mamiriro; vanova zviyero nokuda kwayo inobudirira resolution. Chimwe chinetso kunozivisa inobereka sectors reRepublic of Kazakhstan - vade yakaderera Utilisation kuti kugona. Zvinokanganisawo achinyanya yauinayo. Zvinonyatsorehwa pamwero rwokugadzirwa RK maindasitiri emakambani yavose sezvavakatarirwa sevasingakoshi kune yepamusoro kugadzirwa munyika dzokuMadokero.

Nemuumbi nyaya inogona kugadziriswa kuburikidza dzinoverengeka mikuru matanho - zvakadai Somuenzaniso, chirongwa wehurumende "Performance 2020". Anotsvaka kutsigira huripo mabhizimisi, uyewo Panovhurwa kugadzirwa zvivako zvitsva. Kuburikidza nechirongwa ichi kambani, anomirira sectors siyana Kazakhstan indasitiri vanogona kubatsirwa paruzhinji rutsigiro. Kuti vaite izvi, vanofanira kuratidza kuti ivo, chokutanga, pane kukura nzira, uye chechipiri - chido uye pfuma hunogona kuunza uchiwirirana wehurumende mabasa upfumi mazuvaano.

nokuti kukura Kazakhstan indasitiri basa

Pamberi RK hurumende inotarisana dzinoverengeka kwokukurumidzira mabasa, pasina iro chinobudirira kuvandudzika bhizimisi muKazakhstan ezvidzidzo zvakaoma. Tikadzidza specificity yavo.

Chokutanga, hurumende inofanira kuumba refu Mutemo nokure indasitiri, izvo zvinofanira pfungwa abatsire kwete chete hurumende, asiwo zvebhizimisi uye madenderedzwa yesayenzi. Zviitwa izvi inofanira kuendeswa kune STRUCTURAL mazuvaano kuti maindasitiri emakambani ari Republic of Kazakhstan.

Chimwe chinhu chinokosha kukura bhizimisi muKazakhstan - muzvigadzirwa mazuvaano. Zvinofungirwa kuti chichaitwa panguva imwe chete akawanda yakawanda makuru akaitwa. Ichaongorora kuitika mberi mazuvaano, zvinogona zvinetso zvayo Implementation, uye maererano humboo achapiwa kugadziridzwa chirongwa "Performance 2020". A zvinokosha mukuzadzika Implementation basa ino kutamba academia.

Kazakhstan kuti maindasitiri mazuvaano rinoda kurovedza mudonzvo itsva - kunyanya mumunda management. Kugona Kutarisira - chinhu chinokosha kubudirira chero vachida. Yepamusorosoro guta yesangano - iyi ndiyo chete mamiriro ezvinhu. Zvinokoshawo kuti musoro akasimba zviri basa uye zvikuru nyanzvi mamaneja. Saizvozvowo, nyaya kurovedza yevashandi vanonyatsokwanisa fanirawo mumunda zvakananga inogadzirwa nzvimbo zvavakanga vachida kuita. Zvinoda unyanzvi nomazvo mainjiniya, hunogona kuunza chinobudirira kubatanidzwa yacho yoku- zvinhu. Tinoda vanonyatsokwanisa vanachiremba kuti dzakananga kugadzirwa mabasa.

For vakabudirira Implementation of "Performance 2020" muKazakhstan zvinokosha kusimbisa uye vakarongeka yavaive mari. Budgetary mutoro pamusoro State iyi inofanira kuva vanonzwisisa, kuitira kukwezva makambani zvichaitwawo private mabhizimisi - uchishanda Kazakhstan, Russia, uye dzimwe nyika pakati EAEC, kumadokero nyika.

Vatsvakurudzi Vazhinji vanodavira kuti mazuvaano pakati indasitiri of Kazakhstan kuchaitawo zvinoda mberi kuvandudzika pamutemo uye pamutemo framework Dare basa emakambani ari runoenzanirana bhora. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira vakasiyana-siyana zvine chokuita dzebhizimisi basa - tagutsikana vehurumende-pamutemo zvibvumirano, makondirakiti nezvavatorwa vadiwa, mari zvibvumirano, njere kodzero, etc ...

Nyanzvi vanotarisira kuti hurumende Rok achava nechokwadi pave maindasitiri kwaniso, kwete chete muna chinyakare kugadzirwa nzvimbo munyika, asi zvimwe zvikamu zvaro, apo sokuvapo wevasungwa kuti maindasitiri emakambani ari zviduku, asi zvinogona kuvaka zvivako zvitsva pane mukuru. Saka, zviri kutarisirwa kuti kukura havazomukizve chete maindasitiri muCentral Kazakhstan, asiwo emakambani kumatunhu, asi lagging shure panyaya uwandu maindasitiri nzvimbo uye bhuku zvigadzirwa zvavo.