Directive kuronga - ndiwo muitiro kusimukira urongwa kuti vakauya kuna yepamusorosoro zvitunha STRUCTURAL dzakabatana

Planning inogona aionekwa rinokosha kutandadzana kana akananga kudzora mabasa. It anoita se kunobatsira kuti Implementation purogiramu hurumende. The chikuru chinhu nezvebasa iri panguva senyika ndivo zveupfumi kwezvivako. Directive kuronga - mumwe siyana Implementation of mapurogiramu inoshandiswa nguva veSoviet. Ngationgororei izvozvo zvizere.

tsananguro

The mugovanisi upfumi ine zvakawanda chaizvo zvechiratidzo. Rinotibatsira rinokosha management ane upfumi kunzwisisa. The nechepakati Kuronga mabasa sezvo wake. Pasinei chokwadi kuti hurumende yeSoviet yakanga kare, pari chimiro ichi kudzoreka inowanzoshandiswa pamwe musika zvigadziriswe. Izvi anonyanya nokuti kuti nokuumbwa ezvinhu matsva nokushanda kwenhengo imwe zvoupfumi kunzwisisa zvakafanira chokufungidzira vangangoramba kukura.

zvinangwa

Planning inofanira kusarudza kunobva zvavo chepakutanga mashoko. Kunosanganisira kuziva uye kwesayenzi kururamiswa zvinangwa, nzira uye zvinoreva kuti kuwana kwavo kuburikidza okufananidza kunyatsoongorora siyana kusarudza uye kusarudza Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri mumwe tichitarisa kutarisirwa kukura. ekuronga State anotsinga zvinhu zvose okuwana, anoramba nengaidzo pakati mutengo uye zviwanikwa-zvinhu Rwako. Zvinokurudzira chinobudirira uye vakarongeka kushandisa dziripo zvinhu nokuda nokuziva mabasa. Musimboti webasa hakungogumiri kusimukira uye kuunza dzakawanda zvabuda kusvika nokukurumidza vaishungurudza, uye idzidziso iri kutarisirwa pakukura zvinangwa uye kukura zvekushandisa kuti kubudirira kwavo zvomene. Zvichienderana nzira anokudzwa inokosha, anoratidza uye rinoratidza kuronga. In ezvinhu ano vari kuonekwa rakajairika rokutanga uye rechipiri.

Policy-kuronga hurongwa

Kunosanganisira pokumuka mapurogiramu dzine pamutemo simba mutemo, uyewo nzira uye zvigadziriswe Implementation kwavo. By zvirongwa fanira. Panguva iyoyowo pakutsvaga vakuru anokonzera yose muitiro. vakwegura vanhu vazhinji vanonyatsoziva kuti urongwa mamiriro akadaro. The Soviet Union uye Eastern nyika dzokuEurope kazhinji akashandisa zano iri kukurukurwa mu basa renyika zvoupfumi kunzwisisa. Achibatsirwa mapurogiramu hurumende yakagadzirwa zvakananga rinoitei zvose mabhora ayo uye Links. Gosplan akapfekwa zvakanangwa uye zvakasiyana chaizvo zvizere. Zvichakadaro, mune tsika kazhinji zvakakwana uye akaramba ari papepa pane vazvidzisa choga zvachose.

Specificity

Directive kuronga - inzira kuzvidzora, izvo zvinoreva kunyatsotevedza kuranga, basa akaitwa, machinda miviri kwoupfumi kuti kukundikana mabasa. Zvinonzi pamwe pakuomerera kudzora goho uye hurumende ichiisa mari. Mumwe mutengesi akasungwa kuna mutengi wake uye mutengi, akavapindurawo, unoziva kubva uyo achagamuchira zvinoriumba, Semi-dzapedza zvinhu uye pakugadzira zvinhu. Bazi Economy anosarudza sei, sei, kana kubereka, panguva ipi mutengo uye kunaani kuti kutengesa. Initiative zvoupfumi vamiririri panguva imwe chete zvachose warambidzwa.

Implementation

Directive Kuronga - chiri chimiro zvakadai hurumende umo yakatarwa kero basa uye dzinounzwa zvinhu zvakafanira kuti Implementation kwavo. Kana chindingindingi wehurumende varidzi, nechepakati kuronga chinofukidza mabhora vose munzanga. Huru levers ndiwo:

1. Pokugumira guta zvekushandisa.
2. Budget mari.
3. mitemo Government.
4. Mari zvokunyama uye michina zvedu.

Mukuita okukura Zvirongwa vatambi regai basa guru. Software Developers vanoita centralized zvokuvakisa, vanoti basa nokuti logistics kubudirira zviratidzo. Izvi Software Kazhinji aunze dzakabudirira haritsigiri anodiwa mari. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, zano inova mutoro.

STRUCTURAL zvinhu

Zvose zvakasiyana-siyana pfuma Economy Ushumiri kazhinji anoshandisa zvinoumba rapfuura kuzvidzora zvirongwa zviri pachena nemauto uye bhajeti mari. zvinhu izvi, zvikurukuru, vanobatanidzwa mune chirongwa:

1. Supply zvigadzirwa nokuti yeUnited ehurumende zvinodiwa.
2. Development evoruzhinji zvekutepfenyura.
3. Chigamuchirwe mari kubva batana bhajeti.

Directive Kuronga - inzira kudzora, dzakakudzingai zvachose musika nezvainoita zvoupfumi. Kudziridza zvirongwa vauye kuna makro anenge zvose microeconomic zviratidzo. Panyaya iyi, zvavakanga vachida kuita asina kuzvionera. Pakusarudza dziripowo microeconomic kuongorora pfungwa. mumusika akatora urongwa mutengo - bhuku zvikwereti - mari kuti chinokosha Exchange - disaggregation uye aggregation, wedzerai uye kudiwa - mwero. Directive Kuronga - iyi ndiyo chete administrative muitiro. Its nokuti hapana mari chokuita nokushandiswa zvigadziriswe.

utariri ruzivo

Kuchinja kubva nechepakati kuronga nzira anoumba rinoreva, pakutanga kwezvose, kubviswa anoitika mubereko pakati vemifananidzo uye Software Developers. Kuti vawane zvakafanana zvinangwa Zvirongwa hazvifaniri akakurukura dziri mabasa. budiriro yavo Zvakakodzera kurayira rakananga executors. Zvichakadai, zvikuru chiitiko wakaipa yapfuura makore hakufaniri kuvhiringidza kushandiswa nomurayiro kugadzirwa Kuronga kugadzirisa matambudziko enyika. Zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti zano iri, kuita serimwe rinogona kutsiva kumusika kuzvipira kuchinja, kwete zvinyorwa zvokupikisa kwayo. It kunokosha chishandiso rinoshandiswa kwete chete neHurumende seboka, asi yezvebhizimisi nzvimbo zvikurukuru.

ukoshi

Directive Kuronga inoshandiswa ezvinhu apo zvakakodzera kugadzirisa matambudziko yose. chimiro ichi management National hupfumi zvakaoma chaizvo munyika kwemaindasitiri, paumbwe kudzivirira nezvaanogona, STRUCTURAL kusanduka maindasitiri mabhizimisi uye zvichingodaro. Zvisinei, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa centralized kuronga iri Zviidzo, dzinonetsa ezvinhu. Somuenzaniso, mune imwe njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga, hondo, mwoyo, dambudziko. Papi uye nguva mutemo nomurayiro uyu nyaya zvinofanira kungoitirwa.

An nzira yokugadzirisa

Pari kupfuura kwakapararira munyika tatora INDICATIVE kuronga. Inoshanda senzira vasinganyatsooni zveupfumi wokuti hurumende, nzira inokosha simba pamusoro kushanda musika utongi. Achiratidza Kuronga zvinobatsira zvinobudirira kugadzirisa zvinetso zvakawanda zviri mhosva. Rinoshandiswa kana chete pamusika zvigadziriswe pasina hurumende kupindira zvikuru kukwana.

Zvakakurukurwa anorimwa

Reference (INDICATIVE) Kuronga ndiwo muitiro womunhu paumbwe chine zviratidzo, iyo inozivikanwa nokuda kukura uye uchitikurudzira National upfumi zvekutepfenyura. parameters izvi anoenderana pachena mutemo uye anoratidza vamwe nezviyero hurumende kuchinja muitiro. Zviratidzi okukura vari zviratidzo kuratidza kushanda zvakanaka, marongerwo uye nesimba hupfumi bhora, mamiriro uye hunhu kurapwa rezvemari, kuchengetedzeka pamusika uye hazvo, kunaka muupenyu vagari, padanho pamwe dzakawanda zvokutengeserana vakaroorana uye nevamwe. Nechomukati mwero akagadzirwa parameters izvi inopa quantitative tinyatsonzwisisa mamiriro kwebasa mune socio-upfumi bhora, nokuti Implementation zviyero izvo nezvatinovavarira murau hurumende.

gadzira Contents

Musimboti anoratidza varonga kururamiswa zvinangwa, zvinangwa, nzira uye zvakataurwa ehurumende itsika. It anoita somunhu anobudirira muchimiro nekuita ose yeUnited zvikoro kushandisa zvose pamwe nemumwe uye Regional mahofisi kuti kukura ane kwemauto zvoupfumi uye ayo munhu zvinoriumba. Basa INDICATIVE varonga wakananga chiratidzo nzvimbo umo State kupindira mune zvachose runotsanangurwa zviitiko. Simba haaiti zvakananga pamusoro kambani, asi makambani makuru vanofarira pamwe nehurumende sezvo kubatsirwa mune kukwezva vatorwa mubhizimisi, kusimudzira zvigadzirwa zvavo misika nyika nezvakadaro. Achiratidza zvirongwa regai tisave bhizimisi zvokuita. Panguva iyoyo vanobvumira here kuziva chete kosi zvakanaka makambani, kuzivisa mabhizimisi pamusoro zvinogona vade, mamiriro ezvinhu akarondedzera maindasitiri, mamiriro ezvinhu ari basa pamusika uye zvichingodaro. hazvibviri kupembedza mubhizimisi pasina kuronga. Zvirongwa dzakabudirira kunyatsobatsira pachena mari. Planning unokubvumira organically chokubatanidza socio-zvoupfumi pfungwa, aanenge kwoupfumi bhora mamiriro, Kudzorwa yakaoma, bhuku yeUnited guta Investments, vazvo kuti mamiriro zvinodiwa, emakambani ehurumende utariri.

zvinobudirira

Achiratidza Kuronga inobva zvaunokoshesa, ayo yakaumbwa pasi vachawanei zvigadziriswe. Kuchinja pamusika upfumi, izvozvo anoita somunhu chinangwa uye dzinongoitika kuenderera uye kusimudzira kushurudzira kwacho. Izvi imhaka yokuti pane chikamu yakawanda yenhengo. Uyezve, mune chokwadi, vakawanda for iri kuongorora kwacho kunosanganisira purogiramu mamiriro, zvakaoma chidhiraivho, zvokushandisa mamiriro zvinodiwa, bhuku yeUnited guta upfumi uye nezvakadaro. Kureva kuongorora nzira iri mberi kuri kuitwa kwakajairika kufanoona ezvinhu. Kunyatsoshanda anoratidza urongwa kwakaratidza tsika dzakawanda. Kunyanya zvibereko akava zano kuJapan uye France. Kuvimba hurumende nemauto, vopa kumhanyisa ari kumhanya kukura National upfumi.

Long-izwi tarisiro

Directive uye anoratidza kuronga vanofanira Zvakanakisa kushandiswa mukati pfupi yenguva. Long-rokuti inokosha chinangwa chirongwa. Izvi mhando rwekuronga kunosanganisira kuisa zvinangwa, inotungamirwa uye yavaive mari kuti zvinodiwa kuti kuzadzisa. Panyaya iyi, sezvo chikuru basa anoita kuisa yakarurama reshiyo pakati okunze. Strategic zvitarisirwa chokuita kuriritira vanhu. Paumbwe matambudziko zvinodiwa vane kwokunze uye dzimwe zvinhu. Kana dzisina kupfuma, ndiro runowanzoitika chero nyika, kusarudza kiyi zvinangwa achabatsirwa imwe prioritization.

Chaizvo nzira dzinokosha zvirongwa

In inofanira dzinounzwa sezvo kutsanangura unhu chimiro ichi rwekuronga:

1. Paumbwe zvinangwa zvine mutsindo kukosha kuti National zvoupfumi kunzwisisa.
2. Resource kutsigira Implementation mabasa.
3. Nekurangarira kuti matambudziko yomunyika uye kwokunze ezvinhu.

Chinangwa inokosha chepurogiramu paumbwe yakakwana kukwanisa kuuya pakukura zvoupfumi kunzwisisa. Implementation of mapurogiramu kunze panguva dzakasiyana nguva. Zvichienderana kure yakareba (dzaona kwemakore 10 kana kupfuura), svikiro (5 years) uye ano (wepagore) zano. In tsika, kushandisa zvose nemarudzi aya ose zvirongwa. It kunovimbisa ari chamazuva ose zvirongwa uye kubudirira pakati zvebasa dzakasiyana daro nguva.

zvirongwa Features

Mukuita yokuchinjira kumusika ukama kuronga kwacho kaviri kuchinja siyana. Zviri mhando mapurogiramu, pakupa mhinduro dzakakosha kusanganisira mabasa chokuita kwezvakatipoteredza, zvemagariro, dzesayenzi, kwezvinhu, maindasitiri, kwematunhu uye dzimwe nyaya. Izvi ndizvo zvakakodzera kuti paumbwe imwe Integrated yokutaura uye zvakanangwa hurumende ichiisa mari. Zvirongwa zvinogona akasikwa chero pamwero vakuru vakuru. Panguva iyoyowo yakatanga chirongwa nguva dzose anooneka sezvo gwaro kero anoratidza kana prescriptive.

kupatsanura

Zvichienderana pokutungamirira chiito, kugutsikana uye chinhu purogiramu inogona kuva zvesayenzi, zvekushandisa, socio-zvoupfumi, miganhu, sangano, zvoupfumi, kuvimbana, nechimbichimbi uye zvichingodaro. The kwematunhu uye omunyika zvirongwa zvacho. Ivo zvazvinoita mukuru nyaya zvebhizimisi uye anoratidza nzvimbo sarudzo yacho socio-upfumi zvoupenyu hurumende rose kana wayo mudunhu zvikuru. Zvirongwa Emergency anowanzoshandurwa wakavhomorwa riri pfupi. Ivo anoshandiswa hurumende iri dzinonetsa ezvinhu: vakawanda kwemabasa, dambudziko, kutyisidzira mitengo, etc. In zvavo nhumbi Implementation ose administrative simba chaizvo basa ..