Dinosaur yeJurassic nguva nemamwe mhuka dzeJurassic. World of the Jurassic period (photo)

Nyika yedu yakawanda kwemakore mabhiriyoni, uye munhu akazviratidza pairi kwete nguva refu yapfuura. Uye mamiriyoni emakore apfuura, zvisikwa zvakasiyana zvachose zvakatongwa pasi - zvine simba, zvinokurumidza uye zvakakura. Zvechokwadi, isu tiri kutaura pamusoro pevarinosaurs, vanogara kunenge pasi rose repasi mazana emakore akapfuura. Nhamba yezvipenyu zvemhuka idzi yakakura zvikuru, uye zvechokwadi zvinogona kutaurwa kuti dinosaurs uye nyika yeJurassic nguva yakazara yakasiyana zvikuru. Uye nguva ino inogona kuonekwa sehukuru hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwose nemhuka.

Upenyu huri pose pose

Nguva yeJurassic yakagara makore mazana maviri kusvika ku50 emakore apfuura. Kwemazuva iwayo, nzvimbo inopisa inopisa inowanzoitika. Miti yakaoma, kusana kwechando nechando zvakakonzera hupenyu panyika kuti huve kwose kwose: panyika, mumhepo uye mumvura. Kuwedzera kwemhepo yemhepo kwakatungamirira mukukura kwechisimba kwezvirimwa, izvo zvakava chikafu chemamera, ichikura kusvika pakukura kukuru. Asi ivo, semhuka zviduku, vakashanda sezvokudya zvezvikara, zvakasiyana-siyana izvo zvinonakidza chaizvo.

Nhamba yeWorld Ocean yakanga yakakwirira zvakanyanya kudarika ikozvino, uye mamiriro ekunze akakonzera hupenyu hwakawanda hwehupenyu mumvura. Shoals dzakanga dzichinge dzichinge dzichinge dzichinge dzichinge dzichinge dzichinge dzichinge dzichigadzirisa makungu nemhuka zviduku, izvo zvakava chikafu chezvikara zvakawanda zvegungwa Zvimwe zvakaderedzwa upenyu hwaiva mumhepo. Fly dinosaurs yeJurassic nguva - pterosaurs - kutora kukunda mudenga. Asi munguva imwecheteyo, madzitateguru ezvisikwa zvemazuva ano akaonekwa, mumapapiro ayo kwakanga kusina chigadziko chematehwe, uye marhenga akazvarwa.

Herbivorous dinosaurs

Nguva yeJurassic nguva yakapa nyika dzakawanda zvinokambaira. Vakawanda vavo vakawana fantastically zvikuru. Dinosaur huru yeJurassic nguva, diplodocus, inogara munharaunda yemazuva ano eUnited States, yakasvika yakareba mamita makumi matatu uye yakayera mamita anenge gumi. Zvakakosha kuti mhuka haina kudyidzwa chete nemiti yekudya, asiwo nematombo. Zvaive zvakakosha kumatavi maduku kuti ape zvinomera uye bark yemiti mudumbu remhuka. Mushure mezvose, mazino eDhiplodocus aiva maduku zvikuru, asingasviki mbambo yemunhu, uye haana kukwanisa kubatsira mhuka yacho kucheka zvakakwana kudya kwemiriwo.

Pasinei ne brachiosaurus yakakura yakanga ine uwandu hunopfuura uremu hwegumi gumi, uye yakasvika mamita makumi matatu pakureba. Mhuka iyi yaigara munharaunda yemazuva ano eAfrica uye yaidya pamashizha emiti ye coniferous uye cycads. Giant rakadaro rinonyorera nyore nyore inenge hafu yegumi zvezvokudya zvezvirimwa nezuva uye rakasarudza kugadzirisa pedo nemitumbi yemvura.

Mumiririri anonakidza weerbivores munguva ino - kentrosaurus - aigara mundima yeTanzania yemazuva ano. Iyi dinosaur yenguva yaJurassic yakanga inonakidza nekuda kwemuviri wayo. Pamberi pemhuka yaiva mahwendefa makuru, uye muswe unofukidzwa nemiti mikuru, zvichibatsira kurwisa zvikara. Mhuka yacho yaiva anenge mamita maviri pakureba uye yakareba kusvika mamita 4,5. Kentrosaurus akayera zvishoma kudarika hafu ye tonani, iyo yakaita kuti ive dinosaur inonyanya kushandisa.

Vanodya dinosaurs yeJurassic nguva

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemakwenzi anokonzera kubuda uye nhamba yakawanda yezvikara, nokuti chimiro chinogara chiripo. Dinosaur yakakura uye yeropa yakawanda yeJurassic, nguva yeAllosaurus, yakasvika yakareba mamita anenge 11, uye yakakwirira yaiva mamita 4. Ichi chikara chinorema 2 matani chakavhimwa muUnited States nePortugal uye chakawana zita rekurumidza kumhanyirira. Haana kudya mhuka zviduku chete, asi, achibatanidza mumapoka, akatovhima mhuka dzakawanda, semuenzaniso apatosaurs kana kamarazaurs. Nokuda kweizvi, munhu anorwara kana mumwe munhu wechidiki akarohwa nemubasa wakawanda kubva kumombe, mushure mokunge vanga vari pamwe chete vakaparadzwa.

Zvinefofosaur yakanyatsozivikanwa, inogara munharaunda yemazuva ano America, yakasvika mamita matatu pakureba uye yakarema kusvika kilogiramu mazana mana. Mhuka inotsvaira ine chimiro chechimiro pamusoro, mumiririri akajeka wenguva iyoyo, yakafanana ne tyrannosaurs. Ndaitsvaga maduku maduku, asi mumapoka kana mapoka emakwai, ndaigona kurwisa mhuka yakanga yakakura kukura kwayo. Kubudirira kwakakura nekukurumidza kwakabvumira kuti zvinhufosaurus kubata kunyange scutellosaurus yakatsanya uye yakashata.

Marine life

Nyika haisi iyo yoga inogarwa nedinosaurs, uye nyika yeJurassic mumvura yakanga yakasiyana uye yakawanda. Mumiririri akajeka wenguva iyoyo aiva plesiosaurus. Iyi nyuchi yemvura yakasara yakanga ine urefu hwetsi uye yakareba yakareba kusvika mamita 18. Chimiro chemasaga ane mutsara mutsvuku asi asina kukwana uye masimbi ane simba akafanana nemakona anotendera chikara ichi kukura nekukurumidza uye kutonga mumvura yakadzika yegungwa.

Pasina kunakidza dinosaur yemvura yeJurassic nguva ndiyo ichthyosaur, yakafanana neyemazuva ano dolphin. Chinokosha chaicho ndechokuti, kusiyana nemamwe pangolin, mhuka iyi yakabereka kubereka vana, uye haina kuisa mazai. Akazosvika ku ichthyosaurus mamita 15 murefu uye akavhima kuti zvive zviduku.

Madzimambo ekumatenga

Pakuguma kweJurassic nguva, zvidhori zviduku, pterodactyls, vakakunda matenga ekudenga. Hondo yemapapiro emhuka iyi yakasvika mita imwe. Mutumbi wenyamayi waiva muduku uye hauna kudarika hafu yemamita, kurema kwemuenzaniso wevanhu vakuru wakasvika 2 kilogram. Mhuka yacho yakanga isingagoni kubvisa, uye asati aenda kune imwe ndege, aifanira kukwira dombo kana kuti dhigiri. Akadya pterodactyl nehove dzaaigona kuona pane imwe nzvimbo. Asi iye pachake pachake akave akabatwa nezvikara, nokuti panyika ainonoka uye asingasviki.

Mumwe mumiriri wemadinosaurs anobhururuka aiva ramforinh. Zvishoma zvishoma kudarika pterodactyl, mutongi uyu akayera zvikiti zvitatu uye aive nemapapiro apamusoro kusvika mamita maviri. Iyo nzvimbo iri Central Europe. Chimwe chinhu cheiyo dinosaur ine mapapiro yaiva refu muswe. Mazino akajeka uye maronda ane simba akabvumirwa kubata mhuka inopera uye yakasviba, uye hwaro hwekugadzirwa kwemhuka kwaiva hove, mollusks uye, zvinoshamisa, zvishoma pterodactyls.

Living world

Nyika iri munguva iyoyo iri kutarisa mumarudzi akasiyana-siyana: kure nemakore chete ePasi panguva iyoyo yaiva dinosaurs. Uye mhuka dzeJurassic dzedzimwe makirasi dzaive dzakajairika. Shure kwezvose, panguva iyoyo, nekuda kwemamiriro akanaka, turtles yakaonekwa nenzira iyo yatinoziva iye zvino. Frog frogs yakagadzirwa, iyo yakava zvokudya zvediki madinosaurs.

Makungwa nemakungwa zvakanga zvichishamiswa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzehove, dzakadai sehakisi, mazaya uye mamwe makumbo uye mapenzi. Cephalopod mollusks, ivo vakaverednites, vakaumba hukama hwakaderera mune zvekudya, asi vanhu vavo vakawanda vakaramba vachirarama mumvura. Munguva iyi, magustaceans anoonekwa, akadai semabarnacles, mashizha-marusi uye decapod crayfish, pamwe nemasiponji emvura yakachena.

Intermediate link

Nguva yeJurassic inozivikanwa pakuonekwa kwemadzitateguru e shiri. Zvechokwadi, Archeopteryx yakanga isiri yakafanana neshiri yemazuva ano, yaiva, pane kudaro, miniraptor ine feathers. Asi uyo akazotevera madzitateguru, uyo anonziwo Longipteryx, atoita kunge akafanana nemambo wemazuva ano. Kunyange zvazvo shiri dzenguva iyoyo dzisinganyanyi kukosha, asi iyo inobva pakutsva patsva kwekushanduka kwemhuka. Dinosaurs yeJurassic nguva (iyo chinyorwa inoratidzwa pamusoro) yakambove yakapera, asi kunyange ikozvino, kutarisa masara ezvimhare zvakadaro, unoshamiswa neizvi guru.