Chronology - chii ichocho? Tsanangudzo. "New Chronology" naA. Fomenko naG. Nosovsky

Nhoroondo yevanhu hwagara kuziva kwake musiyapaduku. Vakwegura imwe chokwadi, zvikuru rondedzero yake yokufungidzira uye mashoko okuti. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, akawedzera vanhu chinhu uye zvinofarirwa yavabati.

Zviri pamusoro vakadaro pamungawirirana uye kuvaka "Muronga mutsva". Chii chinokosha pamusoro dzidziso iyi, akamutsa unorema kubva zvidzidzo?

Chii muronga?

Tisati tataura pamusoro isiri chetsika bazi munhau nesayenzi, ndiko kuziva muronga iri ainakidza mupfungwa.

Saka muronga - imwe sainzi webetsero kuti rinobata nezvinhu zvinoverengeka.

Kutanga, anosarudza kana paine chiitiko.

Chechipiri, vachitevera kutevedzana uye nzvimbo yacho chiitiko pamusoro Linear pamwero makore.

Rakakamurwa akawanda madhipatimendi - muchadenga, Geological uye nhoroondo nguva.

Mumwe nemumwe madhipatimendi idzi ine yakatarwa rayo zvokufambidzana nzira uye tsvakurudzo. Izvi zvinosanganisira nhamba makarenda mutsika dzakasiyana, radiocarbon kudanana, thermoluminescent nzira, obsidian hydration kudanana, stratigraphy, dendrochronology, uye vamwe.

Kureva dzekare muronga anovaka maitikiro nemhaka misoro kudzidza. Anoti migumisiro basa masayendisiti kubva munzvimbo dzakasiyana uye chete panyaya muchinjikwa ongororo chokwadi kunoita chokupedzisira mutongo.

Ngatitarisei muudzame dzimwe nyaya dzakamutswa ambotaurwa. ndivanaani Fomenko, Nosovskiĭ? "Chronology New" - mumwe ekunyebera sayenzi kana shoko idzva iri kudzidza munhoroondo yevanhu?

History of mavambo

Kazhinji, dzidziso, vanyori zviri Fomenko, Nosovskiĭ ( "New Chronology"), yakavakirwa zvidzidzo uye Masvomhu, N. A. Morozova. Ekupedzisira, ari mujeri muSt Petersburg, akaita kukarukureta pakati nzvimbo nyeredzi, ataurwa Apocalypse. Maererano kwaari akazviratidza kuti bhuku iri rakanyorwa muzana remakore rechina AD. Kwete zvishoma kunyara, akati ari chitsotsi munhoroondo yenyika.

Vanyori "New Chronology" vamutangira Morozova tenda Garduena wechechi yeRoma uye yefizikisi Isaaka Nyutona, uyo akaedzawo uongorore zvakare uye recalculate nhoroondo yevanhu.

Chokutanga, kwakavakirwa philological ruzivo, ndakaedza kuratidza kuti zvose mabhuku rekare rakanyorwa kuMiddle Ages. Newton uyewo haashandirwi kare. Iye akaverenga makore rekutonga vanaFarao pandandanda Manetho. Kutonga nezvinooneka migumisiro zvidzidzo ake, nhoroondo nyika shrunk neinopfuura matatu zvemakore.

Nokuti "innovators" akadaro kunogona kunzi Edvina Dzhonsona uye Robert Baldauf uyo akapikisa kuti vanhu haasi kupfuura vaviri makore zana.

Saka Morozov anotora zvachose tarenda Nhamba pairi kuvakira muronga kwayo. Chii makore ane chiuru enhau? Nhema! Stone Age - ichi I remakore AD, remakore rechipiri - paraiitwa yendarira, wechitatu - Resimbi Age. Ko munoziva? Pashure pezvose, zvenhoroondo dzekare VaDabengwa munguva dzazvino!

Ngatitorei vanyatsoona ichi kujairika dzidziso uye Kutarira wayo zvinonzwisisika achinyatsoramba.

kunyatsogona

Maererano Fomenko, "New Chronology" akasiyana chinyakare pakuti zviri haanyengeri uye kukanganisa. Its chikuru zvokudya zvinosanganisira postulates shanu chete.

Chekutanga, zvakawanda kana zvishoma kunogona kunzi kushanda manyuko nemisere remakore chete pashure zvakanyorwa. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, kubva regumi remakore mabasa anofanira kubatwa nokungwarira. Uye kusvikira remakore rechigumi, vanhu havana kuziva sei kunyora.

matongo Data All inogona sokureva mutsvakurudzi anoda pachena saka munhau kukosha, havaiti kutakura.

Chechipiri, karenda European iri chete akazviratidza muzana remakore rechigumi nemashanu. Izvi zvisati zvaitika, mumwe rudzi aiva pachake karenda kwayo uye achitandadza mavambo. Kubva pakusikwa kwenyika, kubva mafashamu, kubva pakuberekwa kana akwira choushe mutongi ...
Mashoko aya unovapo kubva chinyorwa ichi.

Chechitatu, nhoroondo mashoko pamusoro mapeji yaMakoronike, akadhindwa uye mamwe mabasa umwari bindepinde. Saka, muronga Nosovskiy anoti vazhinji zviitiko kwakaitika kare munhoroondo yokutanga Middle Ages kana gare gare. Asi nokuda mismatch pamusoro makarenda uye pfungwa panotaurwa mududziro, mashoko haasi zvakanaka kurapwa uye nhoroondo udrevnyalas.

Traditional nguva zvakaipa makore vokumabvazuva dzomunyika uye pfungwa nezve nhoroondo yevanhu. Kutonga nezvinooneka rapfuura uchapupu, China neIndia haagoni kuverenga makore anopfuura chiuru enhau.

Zvapedzisira Urongwa huri dzevanhu chinhu uye pakuzvipira Hurumende kuti vadzvinyirire pachavo. Fomenko, rakanyorwa Muronga simba nerimwe pasi pake anoti, navatana mashoko zvinodzimwa kana kuparadzwa. Naizvozvo, hazvibviri kunzwisisa nhoroondo. Chinhu bedzi inogona kuvimbwa pamusoro, ndiko kuti "netsaona akarasika kana zvichengeteke zvimedu." Izvi zvinosanganisira mepu, mapeji zvakasiyana yaMakoronike nemamwe magwaro, achisimbisa dzidziso.

The nharo inobva magwaro

Huru uchapupu munharaunda iyi "kure Hadzisi" vakafanana zvina dzakaitika eras uye zviitiko nemabhuku emabasa repeatability.

Key nguva makore 330, muna 1050 uye 1800. Ndizvo, kana mukabvisa kubva Ages zviitiko ndiye isu kumhanya namakore mukati rizere abvume zviitiko.

Kubva ichi Rinobva ari masanga akasiyana evanhu, izvo, maererano Fomenko pfungwa, tiri mumwe chete munhu.

Under mhedziso zvakadaro kugadziridzwa muronga Ukraine, Russia uye Europe. Most dzinopikisana mabhuku vari kuteerera kana akadaro chitsotsi.

Astronomical nzira

Kana kusawirirana kukamuka mamwe anoranga, kuedza kukwezva zvakawanwa sayenzi chokuita.

Maererano Fomenko, "New Chronology" kugonesesa Check uye kuratidza postulates ayo achishandisa yekare nyeredzi mepu. Nokudzidza zvinyorwa izvi, zviri vamutye kubva raora (rezuva uye making), kududzwa comets uye, chaizvoizvo, mufananidzo zvinyamutanhatu.

Kwainyanya, icho pauchapupu, ndiye "Almagest". bhuku iyi, yaiva chokuArekizandiria Klavdiy Ptolemey pakati pezana remakore rechipiri AD. Asi Fomenko, pashure pokudzidza gwaro, Mikoko kuti makore mazana mana gare gare, kuti uri muduku remakore rechitanhatu.

Zvinokosha kuziva kuti kuti aratidze dzidziso yacho "Almagest" chakabatwa nyeredzi sere chete (kunyange gwaro rakanyorwa anopfuura chiuru). Chete aya vanzi "zvakanaka", uye vamwe - "ndokugadzira".

The chikuru uchapupu dzidziso kubva pfungwa nemaonero kuora kwemwedzi anoshumira Libya rondedzero pamusoro Peloponnesian War. Pane dzakarongwa Migumisiro zvitatu: maviri rezuva rimwe womudenga kuora.

The hove ndechokuti Tit Livy anonyora pamusoro zviitiko pamusoro yose Peninsula, uye akati kuti "zuva aigona kuona nyeredzi." Kureva mwedzi waiva yose. Kutonga vamwe manyuko, muAtene panguva iyoyo vakacherechedza kukwana kuora.

Kubva musi inaccuracy ichi, Fomenko anoti pokuita zvizere mashoko reRibhiya akanga chete regumi remakore AD. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, izvozvo zvaitika Transfers zvose zvekare kare nehafu zvemakore kuuya.

Pasinei nokuti unorema zvinyamutanhatu umboo rinobatana nyaya "chinyakare", iyo inobva Muronga munyika, havasi kushanda. Zvinyorwa zvose izvi vanonzi kuti "doctored" kuMiddle Ages.

Evidence nezvimwe sayenzi

Kwechokwadi mhosva dendrological Novgorod scale, iyo hwakasimbiswa pamusoro pezviuru mienzaniso. Group Fomenko anotenda mashoko aya anoenderana pasi falsified kare.

Ukuwo, zviri pasi kurwiswa radiocarbon kuongorora. Asi mashoko ake kero dzisingapindirani. Nzira iyi yose yakakanganiswa kuwedzera nguva, apo ivo zvazvakaipira makore chifukidziro pamusoro nokuTurin. Panguva iyoyo zvose zvakanga "zvaitwa zvakarurama uye nokutenda."

On chii "Nokusava Nechokwadi" yakavakirwa "Chronology New"

Ngationei, chiizve notupukanana Fomenko ari boka zvetsika nesayenzi. Huru kurwisa vane nhoroondo tsvakurudzo nzira. Uye kazhinji zvinowanikwa chinyorwa "kaviri mitemo." Kana zvedzidzo nesayenzi kana kuti nzira haanzi falsification pakati mafeni se "New Chronology" Ndiye chete zvakarurama.

Yokutanga nechokwadi pasi Muronga mabhuku. Zvichienderana zvakanyorwa dzekare, yaMakoronike uye mitemo machinda Fomenko uye Morozov kusika dzidziso yake. Asi mamiriyoni mapeji nyore tsamba, ebhizimisi nevamwe "yakakurumbira" vakanyoresa zviri kufuratirwa.

"Scaliger" kufambidzana chabvisa nokuda pakushandisa nyeredzi, uye vamwe vaongorori havana kurangarira.

zvinyorwa Most vanonzi nyepera. kutonga kwakadai kunobva pakuti ucharemerwa kusiyanisa kwaibva mukupera yeMiddle Ages kubva kare. Pachishandiswa anozivikanwa falsifications rinowanika chinyorwa pamusoro unreliability vose mabhuku, "inonzi akasika mid-chemakore chokutanga."

Asi chikuru umbowo pairi kuvakira "New Chronology" Fomenko Nosovskiĭ uye kuvaka pamusoro nemagariro napedyo pamusoro Antiquity uye Renaissance.

Events mangwanani Middle Ages, pakwakanga kukanganwika vakawanda zivo yekare, vanonzi upenzi uye yokunyepera. Group Fomenko anozviti kuti pane zvimwe uchapupu kuti illogic ane muenzaniso wakadaro.

Chekutanga, hazvibviri kuti "kanganwa" uye ipapo chete "yeuka" nharaunda yose ruzivo yesayenzi.

Chechipiri, zvinoreva kuti "kudzorera" pakutsvakurudza mashoko emakore akapfuura? Kuchengetedza ruzivo vanofanira kuva zvikoro kwesayenzi, apo mashoko chakasvitswa kubva mudzidzisi kuti mudzidzi.

Kubva zvavaitenda izvi zvinonzi vakagumisa kuti nhoroondo yose kare - zviri chete artificially ancientizing Ages zviitiko.

Kunyanya kufarira muronga boka Fomenko Russian. Kubva date Matafura ayo mashoko pamusoro raivapo zvichipomerwa Ages umambo "khans Russian", iro akafukidza yose Eurasia.

mukuru nesayenzi tsoropodzo

A yakawanda masayendisiti havabvumirani pamwe postulates akaisa mberi ne "New Chronology". Chii Somuenzaniso, "akadonhedza zvakaipa zvesayenzi dzidziso"? Zvakaratidza kuti chete Fomenko, inobva manotsi Morozov muridzi zivo "yechokwadi".

Kutaura zvazviri, pane zvinhu zvitatu zviri chaizvo vakavhiringidzwa chero vakadzikama munhu.

Chekutanga, kuramba zvetsika dzenguva chikwata Fomenko Saka effaces ose sayenzi zvavo, izvo zvisina kunanga akatsinhira zvedzidzo mashoko. Kureva, nyanzvi dzemitauro, vanochera matongo, numismatists, Vanodzidza, vanodzidza nezvavanhu uye dzimwe nyanzvi zvachose mhosva havanzwisisi, asi kungoti kuvaka pfungwa dzavo, inobva yakakanganiswa nenharo.

Nyaya wechipiri pachena zvinopikisana munzvimbo dzakawanda. Tiri kutaura vezera, kusimbisa map denga yakasiyana zvachose nguva. Saka, zvose zvinhu zviri akararamawo achida pamatanda.

Ivo zvinosanganisira mismatch inonzi "yokudzokorora." evanhu. Somuenzaniso, Soromoni Caesar - ndiwo mumwe chete munhu, maererano "New Chronology". Chii makore makumi mana nemana rokutanga pamusoro wechipiri nokuda munhuwo zvake? Ko zvakafanana? Saka, mugore rechigumi nemasere remakore falsified!

Chikonzero wokupedzisira, vakapiwa dzidziso iyi sezvo Yesayenzi, ndizvo sezvinotevera. Pachishandiswa vakawanda "padzimwe", zvinoita sokuti pane rangano pose "hakusi zvakajeka-of-munzanga", izvo zvinogona nyorazve akavanzika nzira nhoroondo yevanhu. Uye zvakaitwa kuMiddle Ages uye ano, apo paiva paumbwe inoti uye pamusoro munharaunda ipi zvayo uye nenzvimbo yakanga isiri mubvunzo.

Chokupedzisira chinhu pachena manyawi vezvesayenzi, paiva kurwiswa yakajeka pamusoro dzingaparwe professionalism. Kana kuverenga dzidziso "New Chronology" wechokwadi, zvinoita sokuti masayendisiti vose chete kutamba sandbox uye haanzwisisi kunyange zvinhu. Tisingatauri pfungwa.

Sei dzinoronga nyanzvi

Huru chinogumbura aiva "Almagest". Kana isu kurasa ndivo nyeredzi, iyo inobva dzidziso Fomenko (haagoni wafambidzana nomumwe), kuwana mufananidzo, zvakazara rinobatana pamwe chinyakare.

Mukutanga maviri rokutanga remakore Rondedzera kufambira chiedza rakaitirwa tichibatsirwa matsva nzira uye makombiyuta. All Data chaPtolemy uye Hipparchus vakanga nekusimbiswa.

Saka, masayendisiti akaita kushatirwa kusina kurwisa professionalism yavo amateurs kwakakwana.

Pindura dzekare, nyanzvi dzemitauro uye vematongo

Munzvimbo kufurirwa anoranga neshungu gakava izvi. Chekutanga, isu akasimuka kuti dendrochronology uye radiocarbon kuongorora. Kutonga nezvinooneka Mitsara Fomenko, iye yemagazini 1960. sayenzi izvi kare akapindira mberi. Nzira yavo kutsigira zvetsika nhoroondo uye anotsigirwa nevanhu chokuita nzira. Izvi zvinosanganisira ivhu bhandi, paleomagnetic uye potassium-argon nzira, uye zvichingodaro.

Zvisingatarisirwi chijana kuva birchbark. Achitonga chokuti anorondedzera "Chronology New", nhoroondo Russian zvinopesana mashoko kubva mumabhuku aya. The yokupedzisira, sezvinei, akasimbisa kwete chete nokuda dendrochronology, asiwo vamwe mashoko akawanda kubva chokuita anoranga.

Zvinofadza kuti kusakoshesa rakazara Arab, Armenian, Chinese, nemamwe magwaro akanyorwa, izvo kuzosimbisa chinyakare nhoroondo Europe. Rinotaura chokwadi chete avo kuti asimbise dzidziso.

The kumikidzo rondedzero manyuko anoisa mafeni kuti "New Chronology" nenzira netsa chinzvimbo. Zvikonzero zvavo yaputsikira zvidimbu kwakajairika administrative uye zvoupfumi zvinyorwa.

Kana kutarira mitauro uchapupu Fomenko, Saka, maererano Zaliznyaka A. A., "munotapira amateurism pamusoro kukanganisa pamwero iri tafura chokuwanziridza." Somuenzaniso, Latin akazivisa muzukuru Old Church uye "Samara" panguva neizvi kuverenga anova "mutauro shoko mataurirwo Rome".

Misi uye mazita pamari, Medals, anokosha kusimbisa zvedzidzo Data zvakazara. Kunyanya uwandu ichi zvinhu nyore kudzivirira kubata chitsotsi.

Mukuwedzera, muronga hondo hachishandi enzvimbo akasiyana siyana, rinobatana pakarenda kuunza rwakafanana dhinomineta. Panotova Data kuti kuMiddle Ages vaingonyepedzera usingazivi, uye akazarura chete Zvakafukunurwa muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri.

Mhedziso masayendisiti "Chronology New"

Chokutanga, nhasi choruzhinji inoteerera mabasa Scaliger zvakawanda sezvo vari kwechokwadi azvino tsvakurudzo.

Asiwo, pane imwe Nosovskaya Fomenko nemabasa ine chete kurwisa nyanzvi iyi navatanhatu remakore. Asi hakuna omuzasi kana anotaura kunobva anowanika papi kana yakajeka chinoratidza wokutsauka.

Chechipiri, kwakakwana kuzvidza zvoupfumi zvinyorwa. All umbowo inovakwa pamusoro akasarudza yaMakoronike nemamwe magwaro, izvo chete chete-mativi dzinoratidza zviitiko. Kushaya misoro kudzidza.

Chechitatu, vanonzi "utsinye denderedzwa kufambidzana 'haarambi woga. Ndiko, vatsigiri "New Chronology" kuedza kuratidza kuti, inobva panzvimbo pakutanga venhema, vakawanda nzira nyore vawande kukanganisa. Asi ichi hachisi chokwadi, kusiyana pachavo nzira dzavo, izvo kazhinji kacho unsubstantiated uye kusina pakwakavakirwa.

Uye yekupedzisira. Iyo yakakurumbira "chirongwa chefake". Inovaka humwe humwe uchapupu, asi kana iwe ukaswedera kubva pakuona kwemafungiro evanhu, saka nharo dzinopera seimba yemakadhi.

Zvinokwanisika kuunganidza mabhuku ose, mitemo, netsamba nenzira yakavanda, vanyora zvakare nenzira itsva uye kuti udzokere kunzvimbo dzavo. Mukuwedzera, huwandu hwakawanda hwezvakawanikwa zvekuchera matongo hahugoni kuumbwa. Uyezve, pfungwa dzechimiro chetsika, stratigraphy uye dzimwe nguva dzenguva yezvokuchera matongo hazvizivikanwi zvachose kuvanyori veNew Chronology.