Dambudziko reHypertensive: zvinetso uye migumisiro yavo

Dambudziko rehutachiona rinokonzerwa nezvinetso zvakakomba zvakakura nemigumisiro yakaipa kumuviri wose. Matambudziko ehutano hwehutachiona hunogona kukanganisa nhengo dzakasiyana-siyana.

Nzira yekuziva sei zvinetso zvechirwere ichi? Nzira yekupa rubatsiro rwekukurumidza sei pakuona zviratidzo zvepamusoro kana zvechipiri? Uye ndeipi nzira yakanakisisa yekusarudza nzira yekurapa zvinetso zvehutano hwehutachiona? Ngationei.

Uye pakutanga tichaedza kujekesa muchidimbu zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona hwehutachiona, chii chinogumbura uye kuti ungazvidzivirira sei.

Hypertensive crisis

Dambudziko reHypertensive - kuwedzera kwakanyanya kweropa, rinoratidzirwa nekuoma kwemamiriro emurwere uye kunokanganisa nhengo dzakawanda dzomukati. Chikonzero chechirwere ichi ndechirwere chemwoyo yemagetsi uye kusagadzikana kwenguva refu kweropa.

Zvinokonzera kuwedzera kwehutano

Chikonzero chekubuda kwehutano hwehutachiona hunogona kuva mamiriro ekumanikidza uye kushungurudzika kwepfungwa kwakanyanya, izvo zvinoita kuti mwoyo uwedzere uye kuwedzerwa kunetseka.

Kazhinji, dambudziko rehutachiona rinopesana nehutano hwehutachiona hwehutachiona, kana munhu anorwara asingatori mishonga kuti adzidzise kudzvinyirira kweropa, pachake anochinja kuwedzerwa kwesero kana kushatiswa kwekofi, doro uye munyu.

Chii chinogona kukuvadza kuwedzera kwehutano?

1. Craniocerebral kukuvara.
2. Zvirwere zvisingaperi (atherosclerosis ye aorta, chirwere cheshuga, lupus, nodular periarteritis, chirwere chepfungwa).

Zvechokwadi, dambudziko harisi nguva dzose rinomuka nekuda kwezvikonzero zviri pamusoro apa. Kakawanda, inobatsira kumanikidzwa kana kuti hypothermia, kuita basa rakakwirira kana kushandiswa kwemishonga yehomoni, kamwe-kamwe mamiriro ekunze anoshandura kana kusagadzikana kwehomoni.

Maererano nekucherechedza, dambudziko rehutachiona rinonyanya kukanganiswa nevanhu vakwegura, kunyanya nhengo dzehutano hwakasimba pazera remakore makumi mashanu nemashanu.

Chiratidzo chehutano hwehutachiona

Zvinowanzogamuchirwa kuti mutsara mukuru wekuziva chirwere chacho inomhanya zvakasimba mukumanikidzwa kusvika 200 kana kupfuura. Zvisinei, izvi hazvisi nguva dzose chiratidzo chechokwadi.

Kune vanhu vakasiyana, pane zviratidzo zvakasiyana zvechimiro chakaoma. Zvose zvinoenderana nemushandi wekushanda nesimba. Semuenzaniso, kana munhu anonzwa akafara pa 90/60, ipapo chiratidzo che 140/90 chichaonekwa sechinomutambudza, izvo zvicharatidza kutanga kwematambudziko ehutachiona.

Asiwo, kana murwere achinzwa zvakanaka pa 140/90, kusimudzira nhamba ku 160/110 uye kunyange kusvika ku 170/120 hazvingaiti kuti aite zvakaipa.

Nokudaro, pakugadzirisa dambudziko rehutachiona, kusanganiswa kwezviratidzo kunobata basa rinokosha. Inogona kuva:

- musoro nemusana;

- kusuruvara uye kushaya simba;

- pfungwa yekutya uye kutya;

- Kukanganiswa kwemaonero;

- kurwadziwa mumoyo uye tachycardia;

Kutuka kana chills;

- kushungurudzika uye kushamiswa kuduku;

- kukurumidza kufema uye kurasikirwa kweruzivo.

Kwete hazvo panguva yematambudziko ehutachiona achave aripo zviratidzo zvose izvi. Saka sei kuongorora chirwere ichi?

Tsanangudzo yehutano hwehutachiona

Nokuda kweizvi, kutanga kwezvose, zvakakosha kuyera kudzvinyirira nguva dzose, maminitsi gumi nemashanu. Kana kudzvinyirirwa kwakanyanya kuchichengeterwa kwemazuva mazhinji (mitsara inotorwa munyaya zvichienderana nekushanda kushanda kwemurwere), ipapo murwere ane dambudziko rehutachiona.

Mukuwedzera, kutarisa kwemhepo, chiyero chekushisa kwemuviri, kuteerera mwoyo nemapapu, chirwere chepfungwa chichaonekwa sechikosha chekuongorora maitiro.

Hongu, dambudziko rehutachiona ihwo hune ngozi zvikuru. Asi zvisingatauri zvinetso zvinetso zvehutano hwehutachiona. Maererano nehuwandu, zvinopfuura makumi mana kubva muzana zvevarwere avo vakaonekwa kuti vane dambudziko rehutachiona rakafa mukati memakore matatu anotevera kubva pamigumisiro yaro.

Zvinoshamisa kuti maitiro ehutachiona hwehutachiona anotsanangurwa maererano nematambudziko ayo. Ngatitaurei pamusoro peizvi zvakadzama.

Zvinetso zvinogona kuitika zvechirwere

Matambudziko ehutano hwehutano ndehu:

1. A cerebral infarction. Kunyanya kunetseka kwedambudziko, kunowanzoitika mu 24% yevarwere.
2. Pulmonary edema. Inowanikwa mu 22% yevarwere.
3. Edema weuropi. Inoratidzwa muna 17% yematambudziko.
4. Zvakanyanyisa kusara kwe ventricular. Inowanikwa mu14% yevarwere.
5. Myocardial infarction. Inowanikwa mu12% yevarwere.
6. Eclampsia. Inoratidzwa muna 4.6% yematambudziko.

Zvinetso zvinokonzerwa nehutano hwehutachiona hunosanganisira:

- kuora kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana;

- angina pectoris;

Kurwisa kwakanyanya kwemainal;

- hemiparesis;

Nzira yakasimba yekudzoka kwemazuva;

- encephalopathy;

- kurohwa;

- com;

- rufu.

Ngatikurukurei izvi nekunyatsotsanangura.

Zvinetso zvakajairika

Zvinetso zvakakomba mushure mematambudziko epfungwa zvinowanzotarisana nehuropi hwemunhu. Semuenzaniso, chirwere chinonzi cerebral infarction, kana ischemic stroke. Uku kukanganisa kwakanyanya kwekupararira kweropa semugumisiro wekuvhara kwe arteri yeuropi. Kana kuti cerebral edema, umo kuputika kwe cerebrospinal fluid kunotambudzwa, uye nekuda kwekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwayo, kuomesa kwenyama kunowedzera.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvezvimwe zvinetso zvinowanzoitika zvehutano hwehutachiona? Pulmonary edema chimwe chiitiko chakakomba chechirwere chechirwere ichi. Iyo inoratidzirwa nekuputsa kwehuwandu uye kubuda kwe intercellular fluid, pamwe nekuwanda kwayo kuwanikwa mumapapu.

Ndeipi inopesana nemoyo yevanhu inokonzerwa nehutano hwehutachiona? Zvinetso zvehutano hwepamusoro zvinogona kukonzera zvirwere zvakanyanya zvinokuvadza uye zvakanyanya sekushaya mwoyo uye myocardial infarction. Chokutanga chazvo chinokonzerwa nekuputsa kwekodonary blood flow, panguva iyo ropa, risingapindi mu-aorta, rinoputika mubhokisi rezasi, uye kodzero yakazadzwa nemiganhu isingagamuchirwi.

Myocardial infarction inosangana necrosis yepaiti ino nekuda kwekushaya kukwana kwekupa ropa.

Izvo zvinowanzoitika uye zvinokuvadza zvinokonzerwa nehutano hwehutachiona ndiyo eclampsia, iyo inokura kamwe kamwe. Inozviratidza panguva yekudzivirira kana kuberekwa, uye inokonzerwa nekuderedzwa kwepamusoro kweropa, kuitira kuti kune ngozi kune hupenyu hwemadzimai nemwana.

Zvimwe zvinetso

Zvinetso zvinokonzerwa nehutano hwehutachiona hunosanganisira kupisa ropa pasi pearchnoid membrane yeuropi uye intracerebral haemorrhage. Rudzi rwekutanga rwekugadzirisa nderwe chikonzero chekuvhiringidza kwehutachiona hwepfungwa, panguva iyo ropa rinowedzera pasi pepiderweb tsvuku yeuropi.

Intracerebral homorrhage inokonzerwa nokuparara kwemasvingo emidziyo yemakumbo uye ingress yeropa muuropi yezvinhu.

Uyewo zvinetso zvehutano hwehutano hwakanyanya hutachiona uye hemiparesis. Encephalopathy chirwere chisina kuvhiringidza cheuropi, umo dystrophic shanduko inowanikwa muhutachi tissue, iyo inoputsa basa rayo. Hemiparesis inofambidzana nekuparara kumapuranga europi uye inokonzera chirwere chemuviri.

Ndezvipi zvimwe zvirwere zvinouraya zvinotakura dambudziko guru? Zvinetso zvetsvo zvinokonzera kuwedzera kwekupararira kweropa nekuda kwedambudziko guru rehutano. Iyi nyika ine simba rakaipa pamusana pekutsvina. Zvipfeko zvinoumba zvinoputika uye zvishoma kana kuti zvachose zvinomira kurodza. Muviri unoshushwa nekudhakwa, izvo zvinowedzera mukana wekuputika kwevamwe nhengo.

Mukuwedzera, migumisiro yenhamo iyi inogona kunge yakanyanya kukundikana kwechirwere, iyo inotungamirirawo kune kuputsa kwekutsvaira uye yekudzorera zvakare. Vakasvibiswa mvura, nitrogen, electrolyte uye mamwe marudzi emetabolism.

Iko kunetseka kwehutachiona kunokonzera zvinetso pameso here? Hungu, nokuti mugumisiro wehutachiona hwehutachiona hunogona kukonzera zvirwere zvakakomba uye zvisingafadzi sezvinonzi retinopathy uye amaurosis.

Kuita zvekudzoka kwezvirwere inzira yekuvhiringidza mu retina yeziso, izvo zvinokonzera kukanganisa kweropa mukati maro, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira ku retina dystrophy uye kunyange kupofu. Amavroz zvakare chirwere chakakomba che retina, pamwe chete nemagetsi e-optic, izvo zvinogona kukonzera upofu husina kunyanya.

Sezviri pachena, zvinetso zvehutano hwehutachiona hunobata nhengo dzinokosha dzomuviri womunhu, zvakadai semwoyo, mapapu, itsvo nemeso. Zvinogona kutungamirira kune zvirwere zvakakomba zvisingaverengeki kana kuti zvinokanganisa zvinoparadza.

Zvisinei, hazvirevi kutongesa dambudziko rekuwedzera kwehutano mumarwere ose asingagoni kupora. Izvo zvinofanira kuyeukwa kuti zvinetso zvehutano hwehutachiona hazvibatanidzi moyo, tsvete nedzimwe zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nekuvhiringidza zvirongwa, sezvo izvi zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona uye hutachiona hwehutachiona.

Saka, takawana kuti dambudziko rehutachiona uye zvinetso zvaro ndei. Mhedziso kubva pamusoro apa ndeyotevera: nzira dzekurapa dambudziko rehutachiona hunoenderana nemhando yezvinetso zvaro.

Dambudziko reHypertensive: zvinetso uye kurapa

Sezvo dambudziko rehutachiona rinogona kukanganisa zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemuviri wemunhu, zvakakosha kutanga kurapwa maererano nezvipi nhengo dzakagadziriswa uye chii chakaoma chechilonda ichi.

Mune zviitiko izvi, kuderedza kushungurudzwa hakusi chinhu chinokosha uye chinonyanya kukosha. Zvisinei, kuitira kuti kurapwa kuve nekukurumidza kuita, munhu anofanirwa kuedza kuunza kuderedza kushandiswa kwemashure nemazana makumi maviri.

Izvo zvinetso zvehutano hwehutachiona hwakarapwa sei? Chokutanga pane zvose, zvinoitwa pamagariro, kwete kunze-murwere. Yeuka, chete mune imwe nzvimbo yezvehutano iwe uchange uri pasi pekutarisa nekuchengetedza nguva dzose. Uye ipapo iwe pachako uchapiwa chirwere chinoshanda uye chinoshanda.

Chokutanga, zvinogona kunge zvakagadziriswa ne nitroglycerin kana sodium nitroprusside, iyo inofanira kubudiswa pakarepo kana kushandiswa kwemuviri kuchikwanisika. Migumisiro yemishonga iyi inotanga mumaminitsi matatu kusvika mashanu, asi kutungamirirwa kwavo kumutumbi kunogona kuendeswa nekushushikana uye kurutsira, kuputika uye tachycardia uye zvimwe zvinoshungurudza. Mukuwedzera, inofanira kuyeukwa kuti aya majekiseni anorayirwa pangozi yakakura yekunyengera, kurega kuseri kwe ventricular kusakwanisa, aortic dissection. Kunyange zvakadaro, havakwanisi kuratidzira kana kushaya simba, glaucoma nezvimwe zvirwere.

Mamwe mishonga yemakemikari ehutachiona inogona kuva beta-blockers, iyo isingori kuderedza kukanda kweropa, asi inopedzisira ichideredza mwoyo. Iyi mishonga inorayirirwa kune yakaoma myocardial ischemia uye aortic aneurysm dissection, asi haifaniri kutorwa kune avo vane nhoroondo yakaoma yekusakatika kwemwoyo, kuora mwoyo kwechirwere uye kushaya simba kwechivi chechi sinus.

Iboka rinotevera remishonga - alpha-adrenoblockers - rinoshandiswa chete pamusoro wepamusoro wekatelamlamines.

Mukana wezvinetso zvehutano hwehutachiona, "Methyldopa" uye magnesium sulfate zvinorayirwa kuuropi. Mushonga wekutanga unofadza hunoita hutano hwehutano hwehuropi. Inogonawo kushandiswa mukugumburwa kwehutachiona muvakadzi vane pamuviri. Zvisinei, inofanira kurangarirwa kuti zvinopesana nekushandiswa kwechirwere ichi mapeuroromocytoma, infarction, zvirwere zvinoputika, nezvimwewo.

Magnesium sulfate inorondedzerwa kana ichingotyisidzirwa nehupereta edema uye kuputika. Inofanira kuendeswa zvishoma nezvishoma, kuitira kuti isakonzera kupisa kwemapapu nekurwisa kwekushaya simba. Chirwere ichi chinotanga kushanda maminitsi makumi maviri mushure mejojo uye inopa mhizha mukati maawa matanhatu.

Imwe mishonga yematambudziko ehutachiona anogona kuva hydralazine, iyo inoshandiswa muEclampsia, kuwedzera midziyo yemidzimu. Chirwere ichi chinotanga kuita maminitsi gumi mushure mekutonga uye ine mhedzisiro yakareba kwenguva refu.

Enalaprilat iyi inogadzirisa chaizvo incephalopathy, mwoyo kusakwanisa, coronary syndromes. Sezvo mushonga wacho uchitanga kuita zvishoma nenguva, unofanirwa kutarisirwa zvishoma nezvishoma uye wakangwarira.

Iyi mishonga, yataurwa pamusoro apa, inoshandiswa nehutachiona hwemafarisi inofanira kushandiswa chete sezvinorayirwa nachiremba anotarisira.

Kurapa nzira

Zvisinei, kuwedzera kune injection uye mapiritsi, chiremba anokwanisa kupa chirwere chokurapa. Chokutanga pane zvose, ndiwo mukana wekuti murwere agare akasununguka uye agare, zvingava kurota, kuputika kana kuunganidza. Uyezve, kushungurudzika uye zviitiko zvose zvinofanira kudziviswa, zvisinei kuti vanonzwa sei manzwiro avo.

Mukuwedzera kune rugare nerunyararo, murwere achange achida kudya kwakakosha, iyo iyo ichave yakakosha kudzivisa michina inowedzera kuwedzera kumanikidzwa pamutsipa wemwoyo. Zvakakosha kusiya zvachose munyu nemafuta, kudya zviduku zvishoma uye zvakashata, zvokudya zvakaderera-mafuta.

Mukuwedzera, muviri unoda kudyarwa nemafuta anoshanda uye mavitamini, ayo mishonga kana mavhithamini ane ruzivo rwezvokudya (michero nemiriwo) zvinogona kurongerwa.

Kubatsira rubatsiro rwekukutanga rubatsiro

Uye zvino regai tikurukure muchidimbu pamusoro pezvinodiwa kuti zviitwe kana pane zvinetso zvehutano hwehutachiona. Emergency care for the patient is to give him peace and air fresh, calm and assure the arrival of the help.

Sezvo uchida, iwe unogona kushandisa chero ipi zvayo yakagadziriswa mishonga - valerian, corvalol, motherwort. Uyewo, unofanirwa kutarisa kuti uone kufema kwemu murwere, nokuda kweizvi unogona kumubatsira kubvisa nguvo dzake uye kuvhara imba.

Ndeipi nzvimbo yakanakisisa kugamuchira? Murwere anofanirwa kuiswa munzvimbo yekugara. Kana akanzwa kutonhora - zvakakosha kuedza kumushambidza. Zvisinei, zvichiri kudiwa kuisa feresi compress pahuma.

Mumatambudziko akaoma, unofanira kudana ambulensi. Iwe unogonawo kutora mishonga inokosha yekuderedza ropa.

Zvisinei, pano nheyo huru inoshanda: usakuvara! Nokudaro, kana ukasarudza kubatsira murwere kuti aderedze kudzvinyirira, inofanira kuitwa zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvakanyatsonaka, zvichida zvatozivikanwa kwauri kana kuti iwe mishonga.

Kakawanda, munhu anorwara ane ruzivo rwekudzivirira kurwisa. Kazhinji anogara ane mishonga naye, iyo inogona kutorwa kana zvichidikanwa. Pano, rubatsiro rwekunze kune imwe nyika runogonawo kuuya. Zvinogona kunge zvakakosha kuunza mvura kumedza capsule. Kana iwe unoda kuita chirwere chemuviri.

Chero chii chaiva, kubatsira murwere - ichi chinhu chakanaka uye chakanaka. Danai ambulensi, vabatsire kuuya kune, rambai makaswedera pedyo - mabasa akanaka akadaro asina kuzvipira achaponesa upenyu hweumwe uye ave nechokwadi chokuti achapiwa mubayiro.