Transmissive kwadzinoita hutachiwana

zvirwere Most regai chete kuitika, uye chinopfuudzwa kubva kupi kuti utano munhu. We zano iwe uzive nokupfuuridzirwa kutapukirwa, uyewo kunzwisisa zvizere yakawanda zvirwere Vector nezvipembenene. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya panguva inodziya mwedzi.

Mhando chirwere hutachiwana

The chirwere hunogona kutapukira vanhu nenzira dzinotevera:

1. Alimentary. Kupfuudzwa nzira - the zvomudumbu hurongwa. Chirwere ari anwa zvokudya nemvura ine utachiona (semuenzaniso, zvirwere intestinal, nemanyoka, salmonellosis, korera).
2. Kuenda neherikoputa. Kupfuudzwa nzira - the inhaled mhepo kana guruva raiva nayo utachiona.
3. Pin. Kupfuudzwa nzira - kunobva chirwere kana chirwere (somuenzaniso, munhu anorwara). Direct kuonana anogona utachiona zvepabonde uyewo kuonana-imba, kuti zviri zvakafanana Kushandiswa yakasviba zvemumba (semuenzaniso, tauro kana ndiro).
4. ropa:

• Vertical, panguva iyo chirwere amai inopfuura nomunyika placenta kusvika mwana;
• transmissive kwadzinoita kwemashoko chirwere - utachiona kubudikidza neropa vachishandisa mhenyu vectors (Zvipembenene);
• ropa kana chirwere kunoitika kuburikidza insufficiently kurapwa midziyo mazino muhofisi, siyana utano masangano (zvipatara, mumarabhoritari, nezvimwewo), runako uye bvudzi Salons.

Transmissive kwadzinoita hutachiwana

Transmissive kwadzinoita yedzimudzangara - kwava utachiona ropa ine zvirwere vamiririri muropa hwakanaka munhu. Iye akaita vectors mhenyu. Transmissive nzira kunosanganisira nokupfuuridzirwa utachiona vachishandisa ropa-yakayamwa tumbuyu:

• zvakananga ane zvipembenene nokuruma;
• pashure trituration kuchikuvadza ganda (semuenzaniso, anokwenya) vakaurayiwa zvipembenene vectors.

Pasina kurapwa kuti transmissible zvirwere zvinogona kutungamirira kurufu.

kutapukirwa nzira uye kupatsanura vectors transmissible zvirwere

Transmissible chirwere gwara kunoitika nenzira dzinotevera:

1. Inoculation - utano vanhu hutachiwana hweHIV kana ivo kuruma kuti Tupukanana kuburikidza mouthparts dzayo. Kwakadaro kutamira chichaitika kanopfuura kamwe kana mutakuri haufi (somuenzaniso, sezvo marariya).
2. Kusvibiswa - munhu inofambidzana utachiona vachidzipukuta iri kwezvinhu mutsvina yadzo iri akarumwa nzvimbo. Chirwere chinogona kudzokororwa nguva dzakawanda kusvikira parufu transporter (Muenzaniso chirwere - typhus).
3. Dzakananga kusvibiswa - kusvibiswa hwakanaka munhu kunoitika panguva vachidzipukuta ari Tupukanana mu zvakakuvadza ganda (semuenzaniso, kana ine muvare kana ronda). Kutamisirwa kunoitika kamwe chete, sezvo mutakuri akafa (Muenzaniso chirwere - relapsing fivhiri).

Vatakuri, akavapindurawo, akakamurwa marudzi anotevera:

• Zvakananga, mumuviri ayo pachena kuti pave utachiona uye vane upenyu akawanda nzendo.
• Mechanical, uyo muviri utachiona havasi kukura, asi chete kuunganidza pamusoro nguva.

Types zvirwere zviri zvitange transmissible netsika

Anotarisirwa noutachiona uye chirwere, izvo hwacho tupukanana achibatsirwa:

• relapsing fivha;
• nechigwadara;
• tularemia;
• denda;
• encephalitis;
• kwevanhu immunodeficiency utachiwana;
• Chagas chirwere, kana American trypanosomiasis;
• shora fivha (a nemavhairasi chirwere dzinopisa);
• -siyana fivha;
• Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (mukuru chikamu rufu - kubva gumi kusvika mana muzana);
• Nedengue fever (zvakafanana nokuti dzinopisa);
• nhengo dzinobudisa filariasis (maitiro kuti dzinopisa);
• rwizi upofu, kana onchocerciasis, uye nezvimwe zvirwere zvakawanda.

Pane anenge mazana maviri siyana zvirwere kuti chinopfuudzwa kubudikidza transmissible.

Dzinenge vectors transmissible zvirwere

We ataurwa pamusoro kuti pane mhando mbiri vatakuri. Funga vari vane zvinenge zviri utachiona muwande kana budiriro inaye.

Mechanical vatakuri transmissible zvirwere

Zvipembenene izvi zvinoparadzira nayo utachiona muchimiro nayo akagamuchirwa.

Kuchinjwa ari immunodeficiency kwevanhu utachiwana

Number yekutapurira zviumbu por milliliter ropa vane HIV - kusvika zviuru zvitatu. Zviri nguva mazana matatu kupfuura mune seminal mvura. kwevanhu immunodeficiency utachiwana yapararira zvinotevera:

• zvepabonde;
• kubva pamuviri kana anoyamwa amai mwana;
• kuburikidza neropa (Kubayiwawo jekiseni, panguva kuisira utachiona ropa kana transplantation kuti nyama uye nhengo kubva HIV-utachiona);

Transmissible nzira hutachiona kutonetsa.

Kudzivirira transmissible zvirwere

Matanho kuti uzvidzivirire kutapukirwa Vector nezvipembenene:

• disinfestation, kureva rodent;
• disinfestation, kureva kuva zviyero rokuputsa vatakuri;
• boka maitirwo kuvandudza utano nzvimbo (somuenzaniso, nyika reclamation);
• kushandisa munhu kana seboka nzira kudzivirira umhutu (semuenzaniso, wristbands akaiswa mushonga wokuuraya zvinokosha anonhuwirira, zvipembenene nomushonga wezvipembenene, bhurandi, mosquito mambure);
• majekiseni anodzivirira mabasa;
• akaisa vanorwara uye utachiona vari kupatsanura varwere wongoramba.

Chinangwa chikuru chemusha matanho ari kuderedza uwandu zvichibvira vectors. ichi chete anogona kuderedza kubatwa nezvirwere zvakadai relapsing fivha vshiny, transmissible anthroponoses, nefivhiri uye leishmaniasis cutaneous phlebotomine guta.

Pamwero nazvo basa kuvimba nhamba utachiona, kunyanya chirwere. Saka, vanogona kuitwa mukati:

• dzomuguta;
• nharaunda;
• guta;
• nzvimbo, uye zvakafanana.

matanho kubudirira kunoenderana kunyatsoita basa uye padanho rokuongorora chirwere chikuru. Tinokuropafadzai utano hwakanaka!