Chine injini "Cupid": zvekushandisa nokurondedzerwa, tsananguro

Aviation Plant. Gagarin, riri Komsomolsk-on-Amur, anozivikanwa vose vanofarira zvechiuto uye vehurumende avhiyesheni. With makore 50 apfuura, zviri pano, "nendege" ndege zvose Sukhoi. Kunze muchiuto, kubva pano kunze, uye vazhinji Soviet risiri ndege. Nhasi, boka iri tichiita vanoungana "Superjet" - mutakurwi zvikepe chete chakagadzirwa Bureau.

Asi vashoma vanoziva kuti injini chikepe "Amur" anobudiswa mumwe mapazi chirimwa pachayo. Pakutanga zvakanga chete mumwe zvinhu zvebhizimisi kukura, asi muna 1999, boka vakaparadzana. Muna 2006, vakarega kugadzirwa zvikepe, uye muna 2009 - uye kupembedza nhengo. Mumwe chikamu akavharwa.

misiyano

In zvinyorwa zhinji shoko "chikepe" kana "chikepe" zvinoshandiswa sezvo anoreva zvakafanana. Asi kana ukatarira, mazita zviri mhando dzakasiyana. Vose vane ukama raanoziva, asi musiyano uchiripo. Saka, chii yakasiyana chikepe "Amur" by muigwa rinofambiswa neinjini?

About kuonekwa kwete kukodzera nezvenyu - zviri pachena uye tsime. Kusiyana mune dzimwe. Musiyano injini uye zvatinosiita chikepe umwe - the outboard motokari. The helmsman anogara pachigaro zvokudya kubhengi unowana uye ipapo anodzora nokukurumidza uye mirayiridzo kufamba vanoshandura chaiyo pfundo riri injini. Munhu kushanda chikepe, anogadza, sezvo ari kwakajairika motokari mberi. Pamberi pake chiduku kure kuzvidzora, uye injini iri dzakatanga bhatani pamusoro remadziro ichi. Kutungamirirwa kufamba inodzorwa kubva kunzvimbo imwe chete.

Kana musingadi kupinda zvekushandisa mashoko, musiyano pakati pavo kugadzwa injini. Chikepe rinoreva mukana wayo rokubvisa. Boat - kwete.

tsananguro

Sezvo yaiva tsika iri Union, chero chirimwa uto raiva chikamu simba kupa kugadzirwa vasiri varwi zvinhu. Wokutanga injini "Amur" chikepe yakabudiswa muna 1968. Standard Specification nokuti "Cupid" kunditsoropodza injini "412E". Izvi mana sitiroko, zvina-humburumbira carburetor musiyano wezvinyorwa kushandiswa motokari "Muscovite-412." Kana iwe gadza pamusoro magwa akaratidza hombe Vakaomerwa - mumwe vibration simba chakasvitswa kuti Hull. Naizvozvo, okunatsiridza vose vaivapo vakagamuchira sterndrive kuburikidza izvo sikuruwa chikamu injini uye akava kunze mudziyo. Mukuwedzera kuwedzera nzvimbo ino mhinduro kunowedzera zvikuru upenyu basa chassis uye yekudyidzana kuderedzwa vibration.

Pakutanga igwa "Amur" rakaitirwa zvachose kuti duralumin, ipapo rezasi chikamu zvaiva aruminiyamu-magnesium alloys. The pasi raiva 2,5 mm gobvu bead - 1.5. Pamwe vakazviisa inoperera furo kuti mafashamo, uye yose marongerwo zvakasimbisa mapuranga 10. mashoko ose aya anowanzoshandurwa chine injini iri shoma muboka. Uye, pasinei kwayo duku saizi, chikepe ichi chakanga akafanana mutengo pamwe motokari, saka kuzvitenga muSoviet Union rikanga haasi munhu wose anogona kuuya.

lineup

Panguva iyoyo zvinenge munhoroondo kusunungurwa chikepe-gore 30 "Amur" Ini ndagura okunatsiridza akawanda. The tanga shanduro dzaiitwa duralumin, ndokusaka vanogona kumhanya chete murwizi mvura. Izvi zvaisanganisira:

• "Cupid" uye "Amur- M". Ndivo dzinokosha yokutevedzera pamwe chisina kutsetseka giya. Kuvaka chete kubva duralumin.
• "Amur-D" akaita chete kubva aruminiyamu. Panguva iyoyowo, igwa rakanga wokutanga shanduro inoshandisa sterndrive.

To pasi zvinotevera shanduro vakatanga kushandisa aruminiyamu-magnesium alloys, vachibvumira midziyo iyi kuenda megungwa.

• Chikepe "Amur-2" akava shanduro yokutanga, iyo vaiva nomungoro kabhini kuti kabhini kuti zvigaro zviviri. Rwemberi chikamu uyewo akazotevera yokutevedzera, namahwindo musasa.
• "Amur-3" aigona kupinda mugungwa, asi akanga ane pakachena marongerwo.

• "East" - ane zvakasiyana zita, akanga apfuura "Amur", asi vaiva mvura-ndege mhando.
• "East -2" (dzimwe nguva runotaurwa se "East-2T"). The chete akafukidzwa kabhini, se "Amur-2", asi anoreva mvura-ndege mhando.

Rezasi chikamu zvose "East" Pakataurwawo kuti chiwanikwa, zvokuti chikepe chaigona kushandiswa kwete nzizi.

zvinoitwa

Wakabata pamwechete womuenzaniso nhamba, ipapo uende. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti, pasinei makore anopfuura 30 nyaya youpenyu, "Amur" - chikepe, hunhu zvakasara mimwecheteyo. Kuti adzivirire sikuruwa uye pakukoka rinokosha nzvimbo inowanikwa sterndrive, ipapo mumwe chiwanikwa nokuda rapazasi chikamu, vachibvumira kuenda kugungwa, asi runotikurudzira mashoko hakuna kushanduka. mhando dzose akamutsa injini kubva "Moskvich", zvose kuva anoita zvakafanana "stuffing", kunyange zvimwewo parameters vakanga saka akadzokorora muzvinhu zvakawanda, kuti funga ose budiriro hatingagari - ichanyanya pamusoro muenzaniso "Amur-D" - dzakachinjwa pamwe sterndrive.

• Length - 5.5 m.
• Upamhi - 2 m.
• Speed - 40 km / h.
• Passenger capacity - 4 vanhu + gozvo.
• Inobatsira uremu - 500 makirogiramu mumugwagwa - 660 (pasina huni).
• Tank - 100 l.
• Motor simba kwakafanana kuti 412 "Moskvich" - 60 l. a.
• Draft - 0.5 m, zvachose kwose pakakwirira - 1, 4.
• Musha - 1 t.

Zvinotevera mashoko havasi zvekushandisa parameters, asi, zvakadaro, muridzi chikepe vanofanira kurangarira kwavari:

• kubvisa kubva kumhenderekedzo - kusvika 50 km;
• chinozunguzirwa kukwirira - 0.75 m, muna achangobuda mienzaniso - kusvika 1,2 m.

Kusiyana nemamwe magwa kuzvivaraidza, gwenya chikepe "Amur" akamuka wemagetsi Starter, iro raitangira mukuru injini. Kuwedzera Starter muigwa vakanga kuvheneka nechiedza, runyanga uye chakajeka. All mano kuzvidzora vanewo backlight. Electricity iri akapa kubva jenareta kana bhatiri riri injini mupanda. Voltage - 12 V, kunonyanyisa kuitika - 40 A.

musasa

Kutanga kubva inokosha womuenzaniso, okunatsiridza zvose vakawana tende asingapeteki akazotsiviwa nemapepa aipeteka iyo anochengeterwa pakati headrest veshure pasofa uye injini mupanda. Kazhinji, chinoitwa isapinda, ventilated, uye, pazvese, chitunha. Mune mamwe manzwi, inogona kushandawo kwete chete kune Long-rokuti kupaka.

Tichishandisa zuva rake aigona kudzivirira pamusoro mvura kana zuva rinopisa, manheru - kubva umhutu. Factory midziyo rinosanganisira tende pamusoro chikepe "Amur", asi kana uchida kuchinja nayo (vakaputsa, usabuda, kana kuti dzimwe chikonzero), fekitari vakapa proprietary kutsiviwa. Sezvo mafaro zvikepe uye igwa yakanga rakapararira kwazvo, muridzi aisagona gadza uye ezvokutengeserana tende, izvo kurarama mabasa avo kupfuura chepakutanga.

mitengo

Asati akatendeuka kumubvunzo mutengo, zvinokosha kuziva kuti kwokupedzisira mari kuchaenderana kanenge zviviri pasi. Zvinoti, anodawo mamiriro, uyewo hwokugadzira mashoko dzichiri duku chakasiyana zvakasiyana yokutevedzera.

On katsamba rokutanga kuti kazhinji kuuya mhino kumahombekombe nekukurumidza uye Worn keel. Kugadzirisa akanga mumwe - kuti weld refu shamhu kubva mhino pasi. Sezvo zvimwe motokari upi, zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti akamira kwekanguva kuipa injini hakurevi ndidzo dzinozoiswa pamusoro kunakisa kukwira mafuta kana mvura. Kana zvichiita, zvinokosha kuongorora dzimba pasi, kana kumutsa Slaný - kuongorora mamiriro nechomukati.

The kupfuura unoshamisa muenzaniso ndima yechipiri inogona kutaurwa injini mhando: mvura-ndege kana mbiru. Maererano nokurondedzerwa pakati kumhanya zvose zvakangofanana. Zvisinei, mbiru zvikuru controllable. On injini iri nyore kupaka neizvi. Akapiwa mukana tilting, unogona zvakachengeteka nomunyika kudzika mvura. Nokuda kudzinga shure zvikuru capacious mbiru kuchaita zvaizopedza chikepe "Amur". Mutengo shanduro iyi nemitemo nhasi vachava vanenge 200-300 zviuru. Kwiza nechekuzasi. Asi yeuka kuti ichi hachisi yokupedzisira mutengo. Zvichienderana anodawo mamiriro aimbova muridzi itsva, zvichida chimwe chinhu achafanira kupedzisa.

Reviews

The chikuru muenzaniso chirimwa raiva mbiru chikepe "Amur". Mhinduro nezvazvo kakawanda kubvumirana chimwe chinhu. Akatasva mu injini motokari 60 l. a. nokuti zvakanga zvachose kukodzera, zvichikonzera kusakara nokukurumidza. Vachiitsiva ne ane simba mvura-ndege carburetor kana pesvedzero inobatsira vose zvechadenga mufaro ndege.

mhedziso

Motor chikepe "Amur", anonzi pashure kurwizi rukuru Russian, yaiva mhinduro yakanaka avo vanoda Supreme kana hove. Pasinei chokwadi kugadzirwa kwave akavharwa zvino, "Amour" chinoramba panyaya zvikuru gakava iri madenderedzwa siyana. Vaya vanofarira vanogona kuwana Variants gwenya yokutsiva, shandurudzo nzvimbo yemutekenyi anticorrosion pakurapa uye zvakafanana. D.