Bioinert fuma yaro basa murwiyo uye yenyika biosphere

Nyika yose yakatipoteredza - mashoko uye pakunamata, zvinhu zvine upenyu nezvisina - akadana mumwe shoko - Nature, mai zvose panyika uye rakapoteredzwa. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha zvakasikwa Nyika - the biosphere. The Kuronga biosphere chinosanganisira, chokutanga, zvose zvipenyu, kubva majemusi, mabhakitiriya, uye anopera yakadaro kunzwisisa ezvinhu somunhu, uye chepiri anonzi mapuraneti fuma inoumbwa kubata zvipenyu uye zvisina upenyu zvakasikwa.

Nokudaro, Biosphere unotora:

• nyaya mhenyu (mu generalized, pamwe);,
• zvinovaka muviri (mugumisiro nebasa zvipenyu - mazimbe, negasi, peat, etc.);
• inert fuma (meteorites vachibva muchadenga matombo takakandirwa pamusoro panguva kuputika kwemakomo, Continental papuratifomu, etc.);
• bioinert fuma - Product chipingaidzo mhenyu nyaya uye inert (mhepo, mvura, ivhu).

Bioinert fuma, maererano nerondedzero - nayo biospheric fuma, ndicho kwetunhu migumisiro yacho mhenyu uye zvisina upenyu zvakasikwa. Somuenzaniso, mupfudze - chinhu residual chigadzirwa kuti abudise mhuka nedanho zvinodyiwa uye zvokudya kugadzira. Man anowedzera kuti ivhu sezvo fetiraiza. Pashure kunzwisisa nemakemikari mupfudze iri dzikwanise manyowa. It zvichisiyana sezvo murwiyo ivhu, uye ayo makemikari fomura.

Bioinert zvacho biosphere - ivhu, matombo, mvura ndiyo wakawanda uye yakachena mvura yaiva dzinongoitika mumvura.

Shoko rokuti "biosphere" yakatanga kushandiswa muzana remakore rechi18 parutivi yakakurumbira nyanzvi yokuFrance Lamarck. Uye yeAustria geologist Suess uye musayendisiti wokuRussia Vernadsky chose makore akawanda kudzidza upenyu chikamu ichi pasi nevamwe. Mukuona kwavo, kuti biosphere yave rakavapo kuburikidza nokushanduka-shanduka, uye ayo kutyaira simba Vernadsky vakatenda nokukanganisika simba pamusoro peshoko mupenyu, mupenyu nyaya. Uye basa zvipenyu, anosika uye kunochinja pemvura Pasi deko. The zvinenge pachavo, uye zvavari kubudisa mukufamba hwake, kuva chinokosha Geological mhikuriso muve kuparadzwa mabwe panyika, ichitanga nyaya zvakasikwa, kuchinja mvura uye mhepo yakapoteredza goko yedu, kuti chokwadi, kugadzirwa lithosphere, ayo okumusoro akaturikidzana. In azvaiitwa, bioinert fuma kukonzera. Handiti, mamiriro ivhu uye zviwanikwa mvura kunobva, zvikurukuru, pamusoro "basa" peshoko mupenyu, uye weathering goko, geologic inochinja - kubva inert kwendangariro. Dynamic pakuenzanisa vaviri, nekuita kwavo inopa biosphere biogeochemical simba.

Zvinogona vakati bioinert fuma ine panzvimbo yakaoma marongerwo. Chawo chicherwa mavambo, kwave kuchiita, asi doro dzakachinjwa ne zvipenyu (ivhu, mvura, mhepo). Bioinert Zvisaririra mavambo akadai shale, reraimu, mafuta yl unto., Iyo kuguma chigadzirwa manyowa uye pakuchenesa akafa utachiona zvinomera kana mhuka. Saka bioinert fuma anoonekwa sezvo kwetunhu chigadzirwa zvinhu zvipenyu nezvisiri zvipenyu zvakasikwa.

Biokosnye zvinhu vanoumba zvakasikwa yose ino, kuwadzana nomumwe. Dzavo runoratidza - the interpenetration yokurarama, makemikari nyaya uye zvisina upenyu, inert. Kana kutenderera zvaitwa, havangatendi kudzokera kwaro chepakutanga panguva iri bioinert hurongwa uye aonekwa itsva, kureva dzichiri kuramba.

Uyewo, biokosnye pasi hurongwa kuumba chimwe mararamiro. Types uye nhamba zvipenyu mukati maro nokuda zvose dzinogarisana uye muviri uye simba ivo emit. Kwakadaro mararamiro chose - the biosphere yedu.