Ancient Egypt. Nefertiti

Simba vanafarao, iwo piramidhi, vanomiririra chinyararire sphinx kure uye asinganzwisisiki muIjipiti yekare. Nefertiti haidereri asinganzwisisiki uye akanaka anozivikanwa regal kare. zita rake akafuka denderedzwa rechiedza ose ngano, yakava chiratidzo zvose zviri akanaka. Ndiani akakwidziridzwa uye kuzvibatanidza mwarikadzi Tefnut, kupfuura inoshamisa uye "wakakwana" mukadzi muIjipiti yekare, kududzwa iri imwe nguva vakanyangarika, sezvo iye aiva?

Egyptian Queen Nefertiti anotonga pamwe Pharaoh Amenhotep IV kuti, zviri nani aizivikanwa nhoroondo sezvo Akhenaton, zvinopfuura zvitatu zvemakore apfuura. The Sands Nguva kunge ikamedza yekare yenhoroondo vakadzoka kuguruva zvose vakakomba mambokadzi. Asi kubwinya Nefertiti akapona emakore, akapora kubva yokukanganwa, iye zvakare kuchadzora nyika.

Muna 1912, panguva matongo Zvakafukunurwa muIjipiti, Ludwig Borchardt - German akiyorojisiti, akanga akawanikwa ari musangano pakati nomuvezi Tuthmosis, sezvinoratidzwa zvakajeka kuwanda siyana kwemarudzi mabwe, masiki kubva nesuko, konekwa yakanyungudutswa kasiketi chomudziyo ainzi Ahetatona muvezi. Mune rimwe kamuri yakawanikwa yakagadzirwa reraimu bust nomukadzi zvakazara kukura. Borchardt anokunyengedzera akavabudisa muIjipiti. Muna 1920, kuti bust akanga zvakapiwa kuna Berlin miziyamu. Zvakavanzika uye zvakavanzika upenyu mambokadzi akaedza kuratidza achishandisa hypotheses siyana. Tinogona kutaura kuti kubva rake zita rakafukidza mbiri yose, usingadzimwi kusvikira ikozvino. Uye kufarirwa njodzi mambokadzi. Kwenguva refu nezvazvo vakasangana mashomanana okushandisa nguva, kwete yakawanda mashoko anogona kuwanika iye zvino.

Kune shanduro dzakawanda pamusoro pemavambo Nefertiti. mashoko Little anowanika nezvakanyorwa pamusoro pamasvingo pamakuva, zvinhu zvakanyorwa mahwendefa ecuneiform nemuAmarna Archive, achava maberekero pasi kuti kukura shanduro Nezvekwakabva mambokadzi vakawanda. "Perfect," sezvo yainzi, aiva muEgipita, asi kune shanduro vachiti zvakanga wavatorwa muchindakadzi. Egyptologists zvakavaka hypotheses dzakawanda pamusoro wayo mavambo. Vamwe vaongorori vanodavira kuti iye ndiye mwanasikana Tushratta mambo Mitanni. zita rake chairo Taduhippa akachinja apo akaroorwa Amenhotep III. Nefertiti aiva chirikadzi mangwanani, uye pashure murume afa akanzi mukadzi womwanakomana wake Amenhotep IV. Young Farao Nefertiti akahwina rwakanyanya kunaka kwaro. Vakati kuti izvi runako asati nokuda kwounyanzvi Egipita. Nefertiti nokukurumidza akava "chikuru" mutongi wake. Chiri vorudzii kunosimbisa shanduro mavambo ayo muEgipita, nokuti kazhinji mukadzi Farao akava youmambo ropa muIjipiti. Kunenge kuti iyi inogona kuva mwanasikana waFarao. Zvinonzi zvakare vaifungidzira kuti Nefertiti - mwanasikana mumwe dzepedyo kudare Akhenatan.

Zimai riri achirova kwete chete nokuda kwayo runako kunoshamisa, asi magumo ngoni. Yakapa vanhu rugare, ayo rezuva yokugezera rwakaimbwa nhetembo uye ngano. Akanga simba nyore pamusoro pevanhu, iye akanamata Egipita. Nefertiti ane simba uye kukwanisa kufuridzira kuzvipira kwaari.

Ancient Egyptian enhokwe mifananidzo, Bhanabhasi-reliefs zvinoratidza kuti muchato wake kuna Amenhotep IV akanga akakwana, kwaiva chiratidzo chokuremekedza, rudo uye kushandira pamwe. Farao The-simba zvose akaburuka munhau somunhu muvandudzi yechitendero. Zvakanga murume mukuru, uyo akazivisa hondo vanhu vakaderera revapristi. Akazviti Akhenaton, "zvinofadza kuna Mwari", akatamira guta guru kubva Thebes kuna Ahetaton, vakabayira temberi itsva, korona dzavo chakavezwa colossi idzva Aten-Ra. Patinoita mutemo uyu mubati vaida yaaivimba, uye vakatanga Nefertiti. Smart uye simba mudzimai akabatsira Farao refract ari kuziva ane nyika yose uye kukunda muhondo yakadaro ngozi pamwe risingazivikanwi vashumiri chitendero, uyo akakunda Ijipiti. Nefertiti vakapinda nedzenyu yemichato. Farao akarangana wake paruzhinji. Dzimwe nguva iye yakatsiva ake nechinzvimbo chepamusoro vezvemitero. Nefertiti ainamata rakaisvonaka zvivezwa vake kunogona kuonekwa muguta anenge ose muEgipita. Kakawanda izvozvo anoratidzwa mune chomumusoro riri rebhuruu wigi varefu, yakanga entwined pamwe endarama RIBBONS uye uraeus, zvinofananidzirwa kusimbisa simba rayo uye kutaurirana navanamwari.

Paivawo godo uye chivande. Asi pachena hapana akamboda mutongi pamusoro wake, zvikuru kudaro, muna Nefertiti zvipiriso uye zvipo vanotsvaka vakawa. Zvisinei, mambokadzi akachenjera akabatsira vaya, kwake mafungiro, aigona kupembedza uye tiwane chivimbo pamusoro Farao chete.

Asi mugumo, ari consummate Director muupenyu hwomunhu haasi haaperi, uye nyasha maringe Nefertiti. Vamwari haana akamupa mugari wenhaka simba. Mambokadzi chete akapa Farao 6 vanasikana. Yakanga, achibatsirwa ari shanje akawana yokutsiva youshe naye, simba pamusoro moyo waFarao akaenda chakanaka murongo Kia. Iye akatadza nguva refu kuramba pedyo naye mambo, uye zvakanga zvakaoma kusarudza pakati vakadzi vaviri. On chikamu aimbova mambokadzi akanga agara ane noushamwari, asi pakuremekedza haasi dzokushamisira kunyengerwa Farao. Vaimbove ukama pakati simba kwake uye vaidada Nefertiti uye Akhenatan pasisina. Asi akakwanisa kuramba simba pamusoro pake. Kune shanduro kuti aiva Nefertiti, kuratidza mamiriro pfungwa dzayo, akabayira mudzimai Akhenatan Anhesenamon mwanasikana wavo vadyi wechitatu, mune imwe shanduro, raiva mwanasikana mukuru Meritaton.

Pashure Akhenatan afa, mwanasikana wavo akaroorwa Tutankhamun, uyo akatamira guta guru kuna Thebes. Egypt akatanga zvakare kunamata yaAmun-Ra uye vakadzokera dzose. In Akhenaton akanga chete Nefertiti, akavimbika pfungwa wake. In muutapwa, aipedza kwoupenyu hwake. Pakafa mambokadzi panguva yake chikumbiro, iye akavigwa muguva Akhenatan, asi yake Amai haana rawanikwa. Uye chaiyo nzvimbo nzvimbo yake yemakuva harizivikanwi.

Zvisinei, zita rake rinoreva "rakanaka uya", uye nhasi vane zvose zviri akanaka. Sculptural mufananidzo Queen Nefertiti inowanikwa nemuAmarna muna 1912, uyewo mamwe kunanga uye enhetembo yokunyora nokudhirowa kubudikidza Tuthmosis, tenzi yekare Akhenaton, zvinochengeterwa mudura Museums Berlin uye Cairo. Muna 1995, Berlin maiva shamisa kuratidzwa, kuunganidzwa muEgipita kuunganidzwa, iyo yakava muzinda kusangana zvakare Nefertiti uye Akhenatan.

Nefertiti aiva mumwe yakakurumbira vatambi munhoroondo Ndimi, musimboti nenyasha unyoro, kuzarura paitonga Akhenatan mupfungwa divi ounyanzvi. Runako mambokadzi yakaisvonaka akapa vemifananidzo Zvaifadza mukana kubatanidza ari mufananidzo chete kunaka unyanzvi uye upenyu.

Mambokadzi muIjipiti yekare andisiya yakawanda zvakavanzwa chokuita hwake kuti munhu ane asi kuzarurira.